Yog tias koj yog ib tus neeg uas xav muaj menyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tab tom kho kev tsis muaj menyuam, koj yuav tsum tau hnov lo lus 'Blastocyst' los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob. Lo lus no feem ntau hnov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tham txog kev kho mob zoo li IVF. Thaum koj hnov qhov no, nws yuav zoo li me ntsis kev tshawb fawb thiab nyuaj rau koj. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai. Hais yooj yim, qhov no yog qhov pib me tshaj plaws, tab sis tseem ceeb heev ntawm koj txoj kev cia siab. Hnub no, peb yuav tham yooj yim thiab phooj ywg txog Blastocyst no yog dab tsi, nws ua dab tsi, thiab nws tseem ceeb npaum li cas rau kev xeeb tub.
Hauv lus yooj yim, Blastocyst yog dab tsi?
Xav txog seb, tom qab ib tug poj niam lub qe noj qab nyob zoo raug cov phev ntawm ib tug txiv neej lub qe sib xyaws ua ke, thawj lub cell uas tsim los hu ua zygote. Lub cell ntawd pib faib sai sai. Ib lub dhau los ua ob lub, ob lub dhau los ua plaub lub, thiab ua li ntawd mus, tsim ib lub pob me me zoo li lub pob hu ua blastocyst .
Hais yooj yim xwb, lub blastocyst yog theem pib ntawm lub embryo . Nws tshwm sim li tsib txog rau hnub tom qab cov phev ua rau lub qe sib xyaw. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev hauv txoj kev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog thaum cov hlwb no sib xyaw thiab txuas rau phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Peb hu qhov no ua implantation.
Qib Blastocyst no tseem ceeb heev rau IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) vim cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaiv cov Blastocyst uas noj qab nyob zoo thiab loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws thiab muab tso rau hauv niam lub tsev menyuam. Qhov no ua rau muaj feem yuav xeeb tub tau zoo dua.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xeeb tub tshwm sim li cas?
Yuav kom nkag siab tag nrho qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub blastocyst, nws yog ib qho pab tau kom muaj lub tswv yim me ntsis txog tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xeeb tub. Cia peb saib seb txoj kev taug kev zoo kawg no nthuav tawm li cas ib kauj ruam zuj zus.
1. Kev Tso Qe: Feem ntau li ntawm 14 hnub tom qab tus poj niam lub hlis pib, ib lub qe loj hlob (ovum) raug tso tawm ntawm ib qho ntawm nws lub zes qe. Lub qe no mus rau hauv lub raj fallopian thiab tos kom muaj menyuam los ntawm cov phev.
2. Kev xeeb tub: Yog tias kev sib deev tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm no, cov phev tuaj yeem ntsib lub qe hauv txoj hlab qe menyuam thiab sib koom ua ke nrog nws. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua kev xeeb tub.
3. Kev Tsim Tus Zygote: Peb hu lub qe uas tau xeeb tub ua 'zygote'. Qhov no yog thawj lub cell uas muab cov noob caj noob ces ntawm leej niam thiab leej txiv sib xyaw ua ke.
4. Kev Mus Rau Theem Blastocyst:Tus zygote no mus ncig ua si hauv txoj hlab qe menyuam mus rau hauv lub tsev menyuam li peb txog tsib hnub. Nws tsis yog zaum ntawd xwb, nws tseem faib ua ob peb lub qe. Ob, plaub, yim lub qe... nws faib sai sai thiab ua ib lub pob me me uas muaj ntau pua lub qe thiab ib lub qhov hauv. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua Blastocyst .
5. Kev Cog Qoob Loo: Tom qab mus txog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, lub blastocyst yuav nyob ntawd ob peb hnub thiab txuas nws tus kheej rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub tsev menyuam (endometrium). Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua 'kev cog qoob loo'.
6. Tus Me Nyuam Mos thiab Tus Me Nyuam Hauv plab: Tom qab cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, cov hlwb no txuas ntxiv faib thiab loj hlob los ua tus me nyuam hauv plab. Tom qab li 9 lub lis piam, tus me nyuam hauv plab no loj hlob ntxiv thiab dhau los ua tus me nyuam hauv plab, uas yog daim ntawv tag nrho ntawm tus me nyuam raws li peb paub.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub blastocyst yog dab tsi? Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tseem ceeb ua luaj?
Lub theem blastocyst yog ib theem tseem ceeb heev thiab tsis zam tau rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab thiab tus menyuam hauv plab. Qhov laj thawj yooj yim yog tias yog tias lub blastocyst tsis cog rau hauv phab ntsa tsev menyuam kom raug, ces cev xeeb tub yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Qhov kev cog qoob loo no tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho txheej txheem txuj ci tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv peb lub cev, lub blastocyst dhau los ntawm ib qho txheej txheem hu ua "hatching." Ib yam li ib tug qaib tawm ntawm lub qe, lub blastocyst tawg los ntawm nws daim nyias nyias sab nraud (zona pellucida). Qhov no tshwm sim hauv ib hnub lossis peb hnub ntawm nws nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev menyuam.
Ces txoj haujlwm tiag tiag tshwm sim. Muaj ob txheej ntawm cov hlwb nyob rau hauv lub blastocyst.
- Trophoblast: Cov hlwb no yog thawj cov uas lo rau ntawm phab ntsa tsev menyuam. Lawv ua qhov no los ntawm kev tsim cov protein nplaum (L-selectin), uas zoo li kua nplaum. Cov hlwb no tom qab ntawd tsim lub placenta . Lub placenta yog ib lub cev tseem ceeb heev uas muab cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham rau tus menyuam thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm tus menyuam.
- Qhov hnyav ntawm cov cell sab hauv: Cov cell no tom qab ntawd yuav loj hlob mus ua tus menyuam hauv plab .
Qee cov qe ntshav hauv lub placenta sib sau ua ke los ua lub hnab amniotic, lub hnab tiv thaiv cov kua dej uas nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam.
Tsuas yog nco ntsoov tias, kev xeeb tub zoo tsuas yog tshwm sim tau yog tias lub blastocyst cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam kom zoo thiab nws cov hlwb faib thiab loj hlob kom zoo.
Cov cim qhia tias blastocyst tau cog rau hauv lub qe yog dab tsi?
Feem ntau cov neeg tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li ntawm lub sijhawm no. Tab sis qee tus neeg, kwv yees li ib feem peb, yuav muaj qee cov tsos mob. Cov no yuav yog thawj qhov cim qhia tias koj cev xeeb tub. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg muaj cov tsos mob no, thiab muaj cov tsos mob no tsis tau txhais hais tias koj cev xeeb tub. Yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
| Kos npe | Kev piav qhia yooj yim (Kev piav qhia) |
|---|---|
| Los ntshav me me heev (muaj xim av) | Qhov no tsis zoo li kev coj khaub ncaws. Nws yuav zoo li ib qho me me ntawm cov ntshav liab dawb lossis xim av tsaus. Feem ntau nws kav ntev li ob peb teev lossis ib hnub lossis ob hnub. |
| Mob plab me me | Tej zaum koj yuav mob me ntsis xwb, tsis tshua pom tseeb, tsawg dua li qhov mob uas koj ntsib thaum lub sijhawm muaj hli. Hom mob no yuav tshwm sim thaum lub blastocyst cog rau hauv phab ntsa tsev menyuam. |
| Kev Mob Mis | Vim yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, koj lub mis yuav mob me ntsis, hnyav, lossis mob thaum kov. |
| Lwm yam nta | Ib txhia neeg kuj tseem yuav mob taub hau, mob nraub qaum, xeev siab, thiab hloov pauv siab. |
Puas yog Blastocyst ua rau rho menyuam?
Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas yuav tsum tham txog, tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub. Yog lawm, tus blastocyst tuaj yeem poob lossis tsis tuaj yeem cog rau hauv lub qe tau zoo. Qhov tseeb, kwv yees li 75% ntawm kev poob ntxov ntxov yog vim tus blastocyst tsis cog rau hauv lub qe tau zoo.
Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim?
Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog chromosomal abnormalities.Thaum cov cell hauv lub blastocyst faib, qee zaum yuav muaj teeb meem nrog cov chromosomes. Piv txwv li, tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho chromosome ntxiv, ib qho chromosome uas ploj lawm, lossis ib feem ntawm ib qho chromosome yuav tawg.
Feem ntau, ib lub blastocyst uas muaj teeb meem loj ntawm cov chromosomal zoo li no yuav tsis cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam. Lub cev ib txwm ua rau lub cev tsis loj hlob zoo.
Thaum lub qe tsis ua haujlwm li no, kev xeeb tub tuaj yeem pib tab sis nres ntxov heev (kwv yees li 5 lub lis piam). Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "kev xeeb tub uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg." Tshwj tsis yog tias koj lub hlis lig lossis koj tau kuaj cev xeeb tub, koj yuav tsis paub tias qhov no tau tshwm sim.
Tsis tshua muaj tej zaum yuav muaj ib lub blastocyst uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov chromosomal thiab ua rau cev xeeb tub tau. Yog li ntawd, yuav muaj feem uas tus menyuam yuav muaj mob xws li Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, lossis Turner syndrome.
Puas muaj ib txoj hauv kev los nrhiav cov teeb meem chromosomal no ua ntej thaum lub sijhawm IVF?
Yog lawm, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, muaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau qhov no. Thaum lub sijhawm kho IVF, ua ntej lub blastocyst raug cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, ob peb lub hlwb tuaj yeem raug coj los ntawm nws thiab kuaj xyuas cov teeb meem chromosomal.
Qhov kev kuaj no hu ua Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) .
Nrog rau qhov kev kuaj no, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaiv cov blastocyst uas muaj chromosomal noj qab haus huv los cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam. Yog li ntawd,
- Qhov muaj feem yuav xeeb tub tau zoo yuav nce ntxiv.
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov raug txo qis.
- Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj menyuam uas muaj teeb meem chromosomal.
Rau ib tus neeg uas xeeb tub raws li ntuj tsim, cov kev kuaj no tsuas yog ua tau tom qab 9 lossis 10 lub lis piam ntawm kev xeeb tub.
Puas muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem chromosomal?
Tu siab kawg li, qee yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo peb tswj tsis tau.
- Yog tias muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoo.
- Muaj keeb kwm tsev neeg muaj teeb meem chromosomal.
- Tau muaj kev rho menyuam yav dhau los lossis muaj menyuam uas muaj teeb meem chromosomal.
Yog tias koj muaj cov yam ntxwv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab tus kws pab tswv yim txog caj ces tham thaum npaj yuav muaj menyuam.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj tej yam uas peb tswj tau. Los ntawm kev ua neej noj qab haus huv ua ntej thiab tom qab cev xeeb tub, peb tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob rau tus menyuam hauv plab.
- Tsis txhob raug cov tshuaj lom.
- Tsis txhob siv tshuaj yeeb thiab cawv kiag li.
- Noj zaub mov kom sib npaug.
- Noj cov vitamins tsim nyog raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia.
Lub blastocyst yog qhov pib tseem ceeb rau kev xeeb tub kom noj qab nyob zoo. Yog tias nws tsis loj hlob zoo thiab tsis cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, ces yuav tsis xeeb tub. Yog tias koj muaj qhov me me lossis mob thaum ntxov ntawm kev xeeb tub, tsis txhob ntshai lossis tsis quav ntsej nws, tab sis mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tau txais lus qhia. Nws tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas koj thiab xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam mus zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Lub blastocyst yog theem thaum ntxov ntawm lub embryo uas tsim los ntawm lub qe fertilized.
- Yuav kom cev xeeb tub tau zoo, lub blastocyst yuav tsum cog rau hauv phab ntsa tsev menyuam kom zoo.
- Qhov muaj cov xim av los yog mob plab qis thaum cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia tias lub qe cog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog tej yam tsis zoo uas tshwm sim.
- Hauv kev kho mob IVF, theem Blastocyst yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov embryos zoo tshaj plaws thiab noj qab haus huv tshaj plaws.
- To taub tias feem ntau qhov kev poob qis thaum ntxov yog los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm chromosomal, tsis yog leej niam lub txim.
- Yog tias koj tab tom yuav muaj menyuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv thiab sib cuag nrog koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus