Tej zaum koj twb tau hnov txog ' testosterone ' `( testosterone )`. Nws yog ib lo lus feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog txiv neej lub zog, lub zog, thiab lub cev zoo li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj hormones tseem ceeb no tsis yog rau cov txiv neej xwb. Cia peb saib seb testosterone yog dab tsi tiag tiag, nws ua haujlwm li cas, thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas rau koj lub cev.
Testosterone yog dab tsi tiag?
Yuav kom nkag siab txog nws lub luag haujlwm, cia peb pib nrog cov hauv paus. Hais yooj yim, testosterone yog ib yam tshuaj hormones . Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm koj cov qog poj niam txiv neej, tseem hu ua koj cov '(gonads)'. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov noob qes '(testicles)' hauv cov txiv neej, thiab hauv cov zes qe menyuam '( ovaries )' hauv cov poj niam.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, koj cov qog adrenal '(cov qog adrenal)' tsim cov tshuaj hormones hu ua dehydroepiandrosterone '(Dehydroepiandrosterone - DHEA)'. Koj lub cev mam li hloov cov '(DHEA)' no mus ua lwm cov tshuaj hormones , suav nrog testosterone thiab estrogen '(estrogen)'.
Testosterone yog thawj androgen '(androgen)' . Ib qho androgen yog ib yam tshuaj uas ua rau kom muaj tus cwj pwm ntawm txiv neej. Vim li no, cov txiv neej muaj cov testosterone ntau dua hauv lawv lub cev.
Testosterone puas yog Steroid?
Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, "Testosterone puas yog steroid?" Yog lawm, testosterone ntuj yeej yog ib qho steroid - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab faib ua anabolic-androgenic steroid '(anabolic-androgenic steroid)'. "Anabolic" '(Anabolic)' txhais tau hais tias kev tsim cov leeg nqaij, thaum "androgenic" '(androgenic)' txhais tau hais tias kev txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm txiv neej.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum tib neeg feem ntau hais txog "anabolic steroids" `(anabolic steroids)`, lawv feem ntau tham txog cov qauv testosterone tsim los ntawm tib neeg uas tsim tawm hauv chav kuaj. Cov no yog cov tshuaj uas qee zaum raug txhaj tshuaj lossis noj tsis raug.
Los ntawm kev kho mob, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj testosterone los kho thiab tswj ntau yam mob. Piv txwv li, nws yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb uas siv rau hauv kev kho mob masculinizing hormone (Masculinizing Hormone therapy).
Tu siab kawg li, qee tus neeg ncaws pob thiab cov neeg ua kom lub cev muaj zog siv cov tshuaj testosterone (anabolic steroids) ntau dhau los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo lossis hloov lawv lub cev zoo li cas. Hom kev siv tsis raug no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv loj heev. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv txaus ntshai xws li cov ntshav txhaws (blood clots), mob stroke (stroke), thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav prostate ( prostate cancer). Kev siv cov tshuaj no yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas kho mob yog qhov txaus ntshai heev thiab yeej tsis pom zoo.
Testosterone ua dab tsi hauv koj lub cev?
Yog li, lub luag haujlwm ntawm testosterone '(Testosterone)' hauv koj lub cev yog dab tsi? Nws cov haujlwm hloov pauv thiab hloov kho ntawm ntau theem ntawm koj lub neej. Cia peb saib seb nws ua haujlwm li cas thaum lub sijhawm tseem ceeb no:
- Kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab (Kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab)
- Kev laus ntawm cov txiv neej (Kev laus rau cov menyuam tub)
- Kev Loj Hlob `(Kev Loj Hlob)`
Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Testosterone hauv Kev Loj Hlob ntawm Me Nyuam
Thaum tus menyuam hauv plab loj hlob tuaj, ib lub noob caj noob ces uas txiav txim siab txog poj niam txiv neej ntawm Y chromosome ua rau cov noob qes loj hlob tuaj rau hauv cov menyuam hauv plab txiv neej thaum txog xya lub lis piam ntawm kev xeeb tub. Cov noob qes no ces pib tsim cov testosterone.
Thaum lub sijhawm no ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, testosterone yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceebrau kev coj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv neej sab hauv thiab sab nraud cov kab mob sib deev.
Testosterone thaum lub sij hawm txiv neej puberty
Thaum ib tug tub hluas nkag mus rau hauv lub hnub nyoog laus, testosterone ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev ntawm lub cev. Cov no suav nrog:
- Kev loj hlob sai sai hauv qhov siab.
- Kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev, lub ntsej muag, thiab cov plaub hau ntawm qhov chaw mos.
- Kev loj hlob ntawm tus qau (noj qau), noob qes (testes), thiab qog prostate (prostate gland) (prostate gland).
- Kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev xav sib deev (libido) thiab kev paub txog kev sib deev.
Testosterone rau cov txiv neej laus
Thaum laus lawm, cov txiv neej xav tau testosterone los tsim cov phev . Tsis tas li ntawd, nws pab rau:
- Qhia koj lub cev kom tsim cov qe ntshav liab tshiab.
- Tswj cov pob txha thiab cov leeg nqaij kom muaj zog.
- Tswj kev sib deev '(libido)' thiab txhawb nqa lub siab tus.
Testosterone rau cov poj niam laus
Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, "Cov poj niam puas xav tau testosterone thiab?" Muaj tseeb tiag. Rau cov poj niam, testosterone ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kev sib deev '(libido)'. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov testosterone tsim los ntawm cov zes qe menyuam '(ovaries)' raug hloov mus ua estradiol '(estradiol)' , uas yog cov tshuaj hormones poj niam tseem ceeb.
Koj Cov Testosterone Qib Tswj Li Cas?
Koj lub cev ua li cas thiaj tswj tau koj cov testosterone '(Testosterone)' hauv cov ntshav? Nws vam khom lub kaw lus teb sab hauv uas muaj kev txawj ntse heev. Feem ntau, koj cov testosterone siab tshaj plaws thaum sawv ntxov thiab maj mam poob qis thaum nruab hnub.
Tus nqi ntawm testosterone tsim tawm thiab tso tawm los ntawm koj cov gonads '(gonads)' - koj cov noob qes '(testicles)' lossis ovaries '(ovaries)' - yog tswj hwm los ntawm ob qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv koj lub hlwb: hypothalamus '(Hypothalamus)' thiab pituitary gland '(Pituitary gland)'.
Nov yog ib kauj ruam zuj zus los saib seb cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm li cas:
1. Koj lub hypothalamus '(Hypothalamus)' tso tawm gonadotropin-releasing hormone '(Gonadotropin-releasing hormone - GnRH)'.
2. Qhov '(GnRH)' no qhia koj lub qog pituitary '(Pituitary gland)' kom tso tawm luteinizing hormone '(Luteinizing hormone - LH)'.
3. Tus '(LH)' taug kev hla koj cov ntshav mus rau koj cov gonads '(gonads)', txhawb kom lawv tsim thiab tso testosterone. (Hauv cov poj niam lub zes qe menyuam, '(LH)' feem ntau txhawb kom muaj estrogen '(estrogen)' thiab progesterone '(progesterone)'.)
Thaum koj cov testosterone hauv koj cov ntshav nce siab, lawv ua rau lub hypothalamus txo qhov kev tso tawm ntawm '(GnRH)'. Lub voj voog tsis zoo no pab tswj koj cov testosterone kom nyob hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg noj qab nyob zoo, ua haujlwm zoo li lub thermostat tsis siv neeg .
Yog tias ib feem ntawm lub voj voog no - hypothalamus (Hypothalamus), pituitary gland (Pituitary gland), lossis gonads (gonads) - tsis ua haujlwm zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov testosterone tsis zoo.
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas twg ntsuas cov Testosterone?
Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob xav tias koj cov testosterone '(Testosterone)' tsis nyob hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg, lawv yuav pom zoo kom kuaj ntshav ib lossis ntau zaus, suav nrog:
- Kev kuaj ntshav tag nrho cov testosterone '(Kev kuaj ntshav tag nrho cov testosterone)': Qhov no feem ntau yog ua thaum sawv ntxov thaum koj cov testosterone nyob rau ntawm lawv qhov siab tshaj plaws.
- Kev kuaj ntshav rau cov tshuaj hormones txhawb nqa follicle '(Follicle-stimulating hormone - FSH)'.
- Kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov tshuaj Luteinizing hormone '(Luteinizing hormone - LH)'.
Cov Qib Testosterone Ib Txwm Muaj Li Cas Los Ntawm Lub Hnub Nyoog?
Cov qauv ntsuas rau testosterone '(Testosterone)' yog dab tsi? Cov nqi no ntsuas ua nanograms ib deciliter '(ng/dL)'.
Thov nco ntsoovtias qhov uas suav tias yog "ib txwm" yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb siv thiab lub chaw kuaj mob '(chaw kuaj mob)' tshuaj xyuas koj cov qauv. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ib txwm txhais koj cov txiaj ntsig raws li cov qauv siv los ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob. Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog koj cov lej, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham ncaj qha nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia dav dav rau cov testosterone feem ntau:
Cov Qib Testosterone Ib Txwm Muaj Rau Cov Txiv Neej '(ng/dL)':
- 0 txog 5 lub hlis: 75 - 400
- 6 lub hlis txog 9 xyoos: Tsawg dua 7
- 10 txog 11 xyoos: 7 - 130
- 12 txog 13 xyoos: 7 - 800
- 14 xyoos: 7 - 1,200
- 15 txog 16 xyoo: 100 - 1,200
- 17 txog 18 xyoo: 300 - 1,200
- 19+ xyoo: 240 – 950
Cov Qib Testosterone Ib Txwm Muaj Rau Cov Poj Niam '(ng/dL)':
- 0 txog 5 lub hlis: 20 - 80
- 6 lub hlis txog 9 xyoos: Tsawg dua 7
- 10 txog 11 xyoos: 7 - 44
- 12 txog 16 xyoo: 7 - 75
- 17 txog 18 xyoo: 20 - 75
- 19+ xyoo: 8 – 60
Thov nco ntsoov: Cov lej no yog cov lej siv dav dav xwb. Kev tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los nkag siab txog cov txiaj ntsig no txhais li cas rau koj cov ntaub ntawv kev noj qab haus huv tshwj xeeb.
Dab tsi ua rau muaj Testosterone ntau?
Muaj ntau yam mob uas ua rau koj lub cev tsim cov testosterone ntau dhau. Nov yog qee qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem:
- Kab Mob Qog Nqaij Mos Polycystic Ovary Syndrome '(Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome - PCOS): Qhov no yog qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj hormones uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg uas muaj zes qe menyuam. Cov zes qe menyuam tsim cov androgens '(androgens)' ntau dhau, tshwj xeeb yog testosterone. Qhov tsis sib npaug no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li cov plaub hau tsis xav tau loj hlob, pob txuv, thiab lub sijhawm tsis xwm yeem.
- Kab Mob Adrenal Hyperplasia (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – CAH)`: `(CAH)` yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob caj ces `(genetic mutations)` uas ua rau tsis muaj cov enzymes tseem ceeb `(enzymes)` hauv cov qog adrenal. Cov enzymes no xav tau los ua cortisol `(cortisol)`—cov tshuaj hormones uas pab koj lub cev teb rau kev ntxhov siab. Yog tsis muaj lawv, cov qog adrenal yuav tsim lwm cov tshuaj hormones ntau dhau, suav nrog testosterone.
- Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm zes qe menyuam lossis noob qes '(Ovarian or testicular tumors): Qee cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm zes qe menyuam lossis noob qes tuaj yeem tso tawm ntau cov androgens '(androgen)'.
- Cov qog adrenal '(Cov qog adrenal): Txawm hais tias tsis tshua muaj, qee cov qog hauv cov qog adrenal tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej ntau dhau, suav nrog androgens (testosterone), estrogen '(estrogen)', lossis ob qho tib si.
Cov teebmeem ntawm cov testosterone '(Testosterone)' uas nce siab rau koj lub cev sib txawv heev nyob ntawm koj tus poj niam txiv neej thaum yug los thiab koj lub hnub nyoog.
Testosterone siab hauv cov txiv neej
Hauv cov txiv neej laus, cov testosterone siab uas tshwm sim ntuj tsim yog qhov tsawg heev thiab feem ntau tsis muaj cov tsos mob pom tseeb ntawm lawv tus kheej.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov tub hluas muaj cov testosterone ntau dhau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev laus ua ntej (thaum ntxov) "(precocious puberty)" , txhais tau tias kev laus pib ua ntej hnub nyoog cuaj xyoos.
Testosterone siab hauv cov poj niam
Rau cov poj niam me nyuam mos, cov testosterone siab heev tuaj yeem ua rau qhov chaw mos tsis meej, xws li lub clitoris loj dua. Rau cov ntxhais hluas, nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm laus ua ntej (thaum ntxov) "(precocious puberty), nrog rau lub sijhawm laus pib ua ntej hnub nyoog yim xyoo.
Rau cov poj niam laus, cov testosterone ntau dhau feem ntau yog qhov qhia tau tias muaj Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) . Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim ntau heev, cuam tshuam txog li 15% ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam.
'(PCOS)' tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li:
- Mob pob txuv hnyav `(Acne)`.
- Cov plaub hau loj hlob ntau dhau ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub cev (ib qho mob hu ua hirsutism '(hirsutism)').
- Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua los yog tsis tuaj yeem coj khaub ncaws '(Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua)'.
- Cov plaub hau nyias lossis poob qis zoo li txiv neej.
- Lub suab tob zuj zus.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias koj cov Testosterone qis?
Cia peb tham txog qhov tshwm sim thaum cov testosterone '(Testosterone)' poob qis dua li qub . Feem ntau, cov testosterone qis ua rau muaj cov tsos mob pom tseeb feem ntau rau cov txiv neej, ib qho mob uas hu ua txiv neej hypogonadism '(txiv neej hypogonadism)'.
Muaj ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov txiv neej hypogonadism '(txiv neej hypogonadism)': classical (uas tuaj yeem yog congenital lossis acquired) thiab lig-onset.
Kab mob Classical male hypogonadism (Classical male hypogonadism) tshwm sim thaum muaj mob, raug mob, lossis kab mob cuam tshuam rau noob qes, noob qes, lossis hypothalamus. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog los ntawm yug los (muaj txij thaum yug los, xws li Klinefelter syndrome (Klinefelter syndrome) lossis Kallmann syndrome (Kallmann syndrome)) lossis tau txais tom qab hauv lub neej vim raug mob, kis kab mob, lossis lwm yam kab mob (tau txais).
Kab mob hypogonadism rau cov txiv neej uas pib lig (Late-onset male hypogonadism) tshwm sim los ntawm kev laus thiab kev noj qab haus huv uas cuam tshuam nrog hnub nyoog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev rog dhau (obesity) thiab ntshav qab zib hom 2 (Type 2 diabetes). Kab mob no cuam tshuam txog li 2% ntawm cov txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov testosterone qis feem ntau nyob ntawm seb thaum twg qhov tsis txaus pib.
Testosterone qis thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab
Qhov tsis muaj testosterone '(Testosterone deficiency)' thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov txiv neej kom tsis txhob tsim tau zoo. Ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome '(Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - AIS)', uas tshwm sim thaum tus menyuam hauv plab txiv neej tsis muaj peev xwm teb rau androgens '(androgens)' (cov tshuaj hormones txiv neej).
`(AIS)` yog ib qho kev mob tsis sib xws ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm poj niam txiv neej `(kev tsis sib xws ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm poj niam txiv neej)`. Nws cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib deev thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab thaum lub sijhawm pub niam mis. Yog li ntawd, cov noob caj noob ces ntawm cov txiv neej feem ntau yuav tsis loj hlob tag nrho, thiab cov tib neeg feem ntau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsis muaj menyuam `(kev tsis muaj menyuam)` thaum laus.
Testosterone qis thaum lub sijhawm puberty
Yog tias ib tug tub hluas muaj qhov tsis txaus testosterone '(Testosterone deficiency)' thaum lub sijhawm hluas, nws tuaj yeem ncua lossis cuam tshuam kev loj hlob, ua rau:
- Kev loj hlob qeeb dua, txawm hais tias caj npab thiab ceg yuav loj hlob ntev tsis sib npaug rau lub cev.
- Cov plaub hau ntawm lub cev thiab lub qhov ncauj tsis tshua muaj los yog tsis muaj.
- Txo kev loj hlob ntawm tus qau "(qe)" thiab noob qes "(noob qes)".
- Ua tsis tau lub suab kom tob zuj zus.
- Lub zog thiab lub zog ntawm lub cev txo qis piv rau cov phooj ywg.
Testosterone qis hauv cov txiv neej laus
Txawm hais tias qhov kev poob qis ntawm testosterone '(Testosterone)' yog ib feem ntawm kev laus, qhov kev poob qis ntau dua hauv cov neeg laus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob pom tseeb, suav nrog:
- Kev poob ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab cov rog hauv lub cev ntau ntxiv yam tsis paub meej.
- Poob ntawm lub cev thiab lub ntsej muag plaub hau.
- Kev nyuaj siab '(Kev nyuaj siab)' lossis kev chim siab.
- Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev (Erectile dysfunction) `.
- Kev xav sib deev tsawg '(Kev xav sib deev tsawg)'.
- Cov pob txha nyias los yog tawg yooj yim, hu ua osteoporosis '(Osteoporosis)'.
- Nyuaj siab rau kev tsom ntsoov lossis kev hloov pauv hauv kev nco.
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob txog koj cov Testosterone?
Yog tias koj pom ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm testosterone '(Testosterone)' siab lossis qis hauv koj tus kheej, nws raug nquahu kom koj nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham . Lawv tuaj yeem khiav cov kev kuaj mob tsim nyog lossis xa koj mus rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb '(tshwj xeeb), xws li tus kws kho mob endocrinologist, los pab koj nrhiav cov lus teb.
Testosterone yog qhov tseem ceeb rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib qho ntuj tsim rau koj cov tshuaj hormones hloov pauv raws li hnub nyoog, qhov tsis sib npaug tas li tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob tsis xis nyob thiab cuam tshuam rau koj lub neej zoo. Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias muaj kev kho mob zoo heev los pab rov qab sib npaug.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb: Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Nco Ntsoov
Cia peb sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txog testosterone uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
- Testosterone '(Testosterone)' yog ib yam tshuaj hormone tseem ceeb rau txiv neej thiab poj niam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej ntau dua thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntawm txiv neej.
- Nws yog ib yam tshuaj steroid uas tshwm sim los ntawm ntuj tsim hauv koj lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv tshuaj steroids hluavtaws los ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm tau zoo yog qhov txaus ntshai thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau kev noj qab haus huv.
- Cov testosterone siab thiab qis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nrhiav kev kho mob zoo.
- Yog koj xav tias koj muaj teeb meem tsis sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj hormones lossis muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, tsis txhob yig lossis txaj muag tham nrog tus kws kho mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yeej npaj txhij los pab, thiab kev nrhiav kev pab kho mob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau.
Nco ntsoov tias, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj muaj zog. Tsis txhob yig tiv tauj ib tus kws kho mob thaum twg koj muaj lus nug lossis kev txhawj xeeb txog koj lub cev.
Cov Cim Npe: Testosterone, Cov Tshuaj Hormones, Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Rau Txiv Neej, Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Rau Cov Poj Niam, Kev Laus, Cov Tshuaj Hormones Sib Deev, Hypogonadism
