Qhov 'extravasation' no yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag siab yooj yim!

Koj puas tau hnov ​​​​​​lo lus 'extravasation'? Tej zaum koj tau hnov ​​​​​​nws los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob, lossis tej zaum koj tau hnov ​​​​​​nws thaum tshawb nrhiav kev kho mob qog noj ntshav . Txawm hais tias nws yog ib lo lus kho mob me ntsis, nws muaj ob lub ntsiab lus. Ib qho yog tias nws yog ib qho txheej txheem ntuj uas tshwm sim hauv peb lub cev. Qhov thib ob yog tias nws yog ib qho teeb meem me me uas qee zaum tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum peb muab tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kho mob qog noj ntshav (chemotherapy). Peb yuav tham txog ob qho no hnub no, yooj yim heev, kom koj nkag siab.

Cov txheej txheem hu ua 'extravasation' yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, 'extravasation' yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cell hauv peb lub cev txav tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha (qhov chaw ntshav ntws) thiab mus rau hauv cov nqaij nyob ib puag ncig. Nws yog ua los ntawm ob lo lus Latin. 'extra' txhais tau tias "sab nraud" thiab 'vas' txhais tau tias "lub hlab ntsha." Yog li nws txhais tau tias ib yam dab tsi zoo li "tawm ntawm lub hlab ntsha."

Xav txog nws li no. Thaum koj raug ib qho qhov txhab me me, lossis thaum ib tug kab mob nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev, thawj qhov uas los cawm yog koj cov qe ntshav dawb . Lawv zoo li tub ceev xwm hauv koj lub cev. Cov qe ntshav dawb no taug kev hla koj cov hlab ntsha, dhia tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawd, thiab mus rau qhov txhab lossis cov kab mob. Peb hu qhov txheej txheem no ntawm kev dhia tawm 'extravasation.' Qhov no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob .

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tu siab kawg li, cov txheej txheem 'extravasation' no yog siv los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav kom kis thoob plaws lub cev, uas yog, txav mus los ntawm ib qho chaw mus rau lwm qhov (uas peb kuj hu ua 'metastasis').

Cov qog nqaij hlav ua qhov no li cas?

Cov qe ntshav qog nqaij hlav pib tawg tawm ntawm lub qog nqaij hlav qub uas lawv tsim los. Cov qe ntshav no ces mus ncig los ntawm cov hlab ntsha me tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev, hu ua capillaries , mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Thaum lawv mus ncig, cov qe ntshav qog nqaij hlav no txuas rau ib txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov nqaij hu ua endothelium , uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha.

Thaum xub thawj, cov hlwb qog no mus ncig raws cov endothelium. Tom qab ib pliag, lawv yuav lo rau cov endothelium kom ruaj khov. (Qhov no tau pab los ntawm qee cov hlwb dawb, ib hom hlwb hu ua platelets . Cov kws tshawb fawb kho mob tab tom kawm txog cov txheej txheem no ntau heev, vim lawv xav tias yog tias peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws, peb tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qeeb ntawm kev kis tus kab mob qog.) Thaum kawg, cov hlwb qog no tawg los ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab mus ncig rau hauv cov nqaij. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlwb qog tuaj yeem ua rau pw tsaug zog, tuag, lossis pib tsim cov qog tshiab hauv qhov chaw tshiab.

Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, "Kuv puas yuav hnov ​​​​​​nws yog tias kuv muaj 'extravasation' zoo li no hauv kuv lub cev?" Thaum cov qe ntshav dawb tab tom tawm tsam kev kis kab mob, koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​ib yam dab tsi zoo li o thiab liab. Tab sis nrog 'extravasation', uas tshwm sim thaum mob qog noj ntshav kis mus , koj yuav tsis pom cov tsos mob loj thaum xub thawj . Txawm hais tias kev kuaj mob tsis qhia qhov 'extravasation' no ncaj qha, tej yam xws li tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb hauv cov ntshav thiab cov cim qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas nrog kev kuaj ntshav.

Qhov mob hu ua 'extravasation'

Tam sim no cia peb tham txog lwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm yam uas cov kws kho mob hu ua 'extravasation'. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb thaum cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav tau txais cov tshuaj chemotherapy intravenously (IV) , uas yog ib hom tshuaj uas muab los ntawm ib lub raj (cannula) mus rau hauv cov leeg ntshav.

Tej zaum koj yuav tau pom tias qee cov tshuaj raug muab ncaj qha rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, cov tshuaj no raug muab ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntshav los ntawm lub raj IV. Lub raj IV no feem ntau txuas nrog cov hlab ntsha hauv koj txhais caj npab lossis dab teg. Cov tshuaj tom qab ntawd raug pumped los ntawm lub raj los ntawm lub hnab yas mus rau hauv koj cov ntshav. Qee zaum siv lub cannula, uas maj mam txhaj cov tshuaj rau hauv koj lub cev dhau ib lub sijhawm.

Tam sim no, muaj qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav uas hu ua "vesicants." Lo lus txhais tau tias "uas ua rau muaj vesicants." Yog tias cov tshuaj "vesicants" no tawm ntawm txoj kab IV lossis "cannula," lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij noj qab haus huv nyob ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua "extrasation," thaum cov tshuaj tawm ntawm cov leeg ntshav thiab ua rau cov nqaij puas tsuaj .

Yog qhov no tshwm sim, tus neeg uas tau txais cov tshuaj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob kub hnyiab thiab mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj IV. Yog tias cov tshuaj ntws los ntawm lub cannula, thaj chaw ntawd yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob, o, thiab liab.

Tiam sis ntawm no yog ib yam tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov . Yog tias koj tau txais tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav hom 'vesicant', koj cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws tu mob paub zoo txog nws. Cov tsev kho mob muaj cov cai thiab cov lus qhia meej kom tiv thaiv qhov 'extravasation' no. Lawv saib xyuas koj zoo zoo thaum lawv muab tshuaj rau koj, thiab yog tias lawv pom muaj teeb meem dab tsi, lawv kho lawv sai sai.

Qhov 'extravasation' no puas yog ib qho uas pom ntau hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav?

Tsis yog, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm muaj., tab sis nws tsis yog ua tsis tau. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb pom tias kwv yees li 6% ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav muaj qhov 'extravasation' me me. Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob uas muab cov tshuaj qog noj ntshav los ntawm IV tau kawm tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv qhov no thiab kho nws sai sai yog tias nws tshwm sim.

Qhov no puas yog teeb meem loj heev?

Yog, qee zaum qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav . Xav txog nws, cov tshuaj uas muaj zog txaus los tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij noj qab haus huv puas tsuaj, puas yog? Yog li ntawd, yog tias cov tshuaj xau tawm ntawm IV, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob thiab ua rau cov nqaij puas tsuaj. Cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, lossis lawv yuav tshwm sim ob peb hnub tom qab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm 'extravasation' yog dab tsi?

• Mob tam sim ntawd qhov twg cov IV lossis cannula raug ntxig.
• Kev kub hnyiab los yog mob khaus .
• Daim tawv nqaij liab nyob rau thaj chaw ntawd.
• Cov pob khaus los yog cov hlwv .
• Kev raug mob .
• Ua kom daim tawv dawb (qhov no yuav yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg).

Puas muaj tej yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nqus dej ntau dhau?

Yog, qee yam ua rau qhov kev pheej hmoo no nce me ntsis. Tab sis cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob paub txog cov yam ntxwv no, yog li lawv ua cov kauj ruam los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no.

• Rau cov neeg uas muaj cov leeg me me los yog tsis muaj zog .
• Rau cov neeg uas cov hlab ntsha tawg sai dua li qub .
• Rau cov neeg uas cov hlab ntsha tau tuab lossis tawv vim yog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
• Rau cov neeg uas muaj cov hlab ntsha txav mus los thaum sim ntxig IV.

Yuav kho qhov 'extravasation' no li cas?

Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob uas muab cov tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov 'extravasation' no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias, hmoov tsis zoo, nws tshwm sim, lawv kuj tau kawm kom daws tau txhua yam teeb meem uas tshwm sim sai sai. Nov yog qee cov kauj ruam uas lawv feem ntau ua:

• Cov tshuaj los ntawm IV yuav raug tso tseg tam sim ntawd.
• Tshem cov tshuaj uas nchuav tawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawd kom ntau li ntau tau.
• Cov IV raug tshem tawm thiab pov tseg.
• Sab caj npab uas raug mob ntawd raug tsa me ntsis (tsa kom siab).
• Siv tshuaj pleev kom txo cov tsos mob.
• Muab cov ntaub qhwv txias rau. Cov ntaub qhwv txias no txo ​​qhov mob. Nws kuj ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim, uas txo qhov kev kis ntawm cov tshuaj uas tseem tshuav.
• Qee zaum , cov compresses sov raug siv.Cov ntaub qhwv sov ua rau cov ntshav ntws ntau ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm lossis txo cov tshuaj nyob ib puag ncig qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. (Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb qhov ntaub qhwv sov lossis txias puas tsim nyog.)

Yuav ua li cas tom qab 'extravasation'?

Nws yuav txawv nyob ntawm koj tus mob. Koj pab neeg kho mob yuav kho cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntws tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav saib xyuas koj tus mob kom pom tias puas muaj teeb meem tshiab tshwm sim lossis yog tias tus mob hnyav zuj zus.

Qee zaum, koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv kev kho mob los ntawm kev siv qhov chaw IV sib txawv. Lwm lub sijhawm, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj ncua kev kho mob rau ob peb hnub kom txog thaum koj zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav muab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau koj txog kev saib xyuas koj tus kheej hauv tsev. Piv txwv li:

• Tom qab koj cov hlab ntsha tawm hauv koj txhais tes lawm, tej zaum lawv yuav hais kom koj muab cov ntaub so txias los yog kub rau koj txhais tes tsawg kawg ib hnub (kwv yees li 15-20 feeb, plaub txog rau zaug hauv ib hnub). Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj seb yuav ua li cas.
• Koj tuaj yeem qhia rau lawv kom tsa tes uas raug mob kom siab .

Kuv puas yuav txuas ntxiv kho mob tau?

Nws kuj nyob ntawm koj tus mob. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias feem ntau cov neeg tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv kev kho mob . Qee zaum, IV tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab kev kho mob tuaj yeem pib sai tom qab lub extravasation. Lwm lub sijhawm, kev kho mob tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm kom txog thaum cov tsos mob ntawm extravasation tau daws tag.

Kuv yuav tsum qhia rau kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm extravasation tseem nyob ntev dua li koj xav tau, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob .

Hauv kev xaus lus, ntawm no yog cov yam peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev):

Tam sim no koj paub lawm tias lo lus 'extravasation' muaj ob lub ntsiab lus. Ib qho yog cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim uas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav siv los nthuav dav thoob plaws lub cev. Qhov thib ob yog ib qho mob uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj chemotherapy xau tawm ntawm IV.

Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov teeb meem no hu ua 'extravasation' tsis yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tau kawm tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv nws thiab kho nws sai sai yog tias nws tshwm sim.

Yog tias koj yuav tau txais kev kho mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy, nrog koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus nais tham txog yam uas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kho mob thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog dab tsi. Ua li ntawd, yog tias koj pom muaj dab tsi txawv, koj tuaj yeem paub seb nws puas yog ib txwm lossis qee yam uas koj yuav tsum tshaj tawm tam sim ntawd. Tsis txhob txhawj, koj pab neeg kho mob nyob ntawm no los pab.

Kev ntws tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha, kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, kev xau IV, kev xau tshuaj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, kev kis mob qog noj ntshav, kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov cell