Yam koj yuav tsum paub txog Acute Coronary Syndrome!

Koj puas tau muaj ib zaug uas koj xav tias koj lub hauv siab nruj, mob, lossis ua tsis taus pa? Los yog koj puas tau pom ib tug neeg uas koj paub ua li ntawd? Cov tsos mob no qee zaum tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia txog mob plawv uas txaus ntshai heev. Mob plawv Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) yog ib lub npe rau ntau yam mob uas tshwm sim sai sai thiab yog vim muaj kev thaiv hauv cov hlab ntsha uas muab ntshav mus rau lub plawv.

Mob plawv dhia ceev ceev (ACS) yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, Kab mob plawv loj heev (ACS) yog ib qho mob ceev uas tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv uas nqa ntshav mus rau lub plawv raug thaiv tam sim ntawd, ua rau lub plawv tsis tau txais cov pa oxygen uas nws xav tau. Xav txog seb puas muaj ib yam dab tsi daig hauv cov yeeb nkab uas nqa dej mus rau lub twj tso dej hauv koj lub tsev. Ces cov dej tsis ntws mus rau lub twj tso dej kom raug. Tib yam tshwm sim rau lub plawv. Qhov no tsis yog ib yam kab mob xwb, tab sis yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm peb hom kab mob plawv. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, yog li kev kho mob sai sai yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Cov kab mob plawv hom twg suav nrog ACS?

Zoo, yog li cov kab mob plawv twg uas suav nrog ACS? Muaj peb hom kab mob tseem ceeb. Cov no sib txawv nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv raug thaiv qhov twg, nws raug thaiv ntev npaum li cas, thiab lub plawv puas tsuaj ntau npaum li cas.

1. Mob Angina Tsis Ruaj Khoov: Qhov no yog thaum koj cia li mob hauv siab lossis nruj, txawm tias koj so. Nws tuaj yeem zoo li muaj ib tug neeg zawm koj lub hauv siab. Qhov no yog ib qho cim ceeb toom ntawm kev mob plawv nres . Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum mob hauv siab uas twb muaj lawm (mob angina ruaj khov) hnyav zuj zus.

2. NSTEMI (Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction): Qhov no kuj yog ib hom mob plawv nres. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov no , EKG (Electrocardiogram) kev xeem, uas ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv, tsis qhia ntau qhov sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem pom kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg plawv. Ntawm no, cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv tsis raug thaiv tag nrho, lossis yog tias nws raug thaiv, nws tsuas yog rau lub sijhawm luv luv xwb.

3. STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction): Qhov no yog hom mob plawv loj tshaj plaws . Nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau meej los ntawm EKG thiab kev kuaj ntshav. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias cov hlab ntsha uas muab ntshav rau lub plawv raug thaiv tag nrho rau lub sijhawm ntev, ua rau puas tsuaj rau thaj chaw loj ntawm lub plawv.

Leej twg thiaj muaj tau tus mob ACS no?

Tam sim no tej zaum koj yuav xav paub tias leej twg muaj peev xwm mob ACS. Qhov tseeb, txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem mob tau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo yuav muaj feem ntau dua.

Hnub nyoog thiab kev ua neej:

• Hnub nyoog: Cov txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoo thiab cov poj niam uas tau dhau los ntawm kev tas hnub nyoog muaj feem ntau dua.
• Rog dhau/ rog dhau.
• Kev siv cov tshuaj yeeb xws li cocaine.
• Tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev.
• Haus luam yeeb.
• Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo (zaub mov uas muaj roj ntau, ntsev, qab zib).

Lwm yam mob uas koj muaj thiab keeb kwm tsev neeg:

• Yog tias COVID-19 tau tawg lawm.
• Mob ntshav qab zib.
• Yog tias muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg tau muaj mob xws li mob hauv siab, mob plawv, lossis mob hlwb.
• Cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav siab.
• Ntshav siab (ntshav siab / ntshav siab).
• Yog tias koj muaj ntshav siab, preeclampsia, lossis ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub.

Lwm yam mob uas qhia cov tsos mob zoo sib xws rau ACS

Tiamsis tsis txhob xav tias ACS yog tus ua rau mob hauv siab. Muaj ntau lwm yam mob uas ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li ACS. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb kom tau txais kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab tau txais kev kho mob sai . Qee yam mob uas ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws suav nrog:

• Kev mob plawv aortic stenosis.
• Mob hawb pob.
• Mob ntsws embolism.
• Teeb meem zom zaub mov, mob kua qaub ncaug rov qab los ntev (GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) lossis mob plab ntswj.
• Mob plawv.
• Teeb meem ntawm cov leeg nqaij lossis pob txha.
• Pob txha tav.
• Mob ntsws o.
• Teeb meem plab xws li mob qog.
• Kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab, lossis kev nyuaj siab.

ACS feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Kab mob plawv (CAD) yog kab mob plawv uas neeg feem ntau ntsib hauv ntiaj teb thiab yog ib qho ua rau neeg tuag coob tshaj plaws. Yog li, ACS, ib yam mob uas cuam tshuam nrog CAD, tua neeg coob heev txhua xyoo. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov txiv neej thiab cov neeg uas muaj kab mob plawv.

ACS tshwm sim li cas?

Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib seb qhov xwm txheej ACS no tshwm sim li cas.

Peb lub plawv yog ib tug leeg nqaij. Yuav kom nws ua haujlwm tau zoo, nws xav tau cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau tas li. Cov ntshav no yog los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha me me uas tawm ntawm lawv.

Qee zaum, dhau sijhawm, cov quav hniav sib sau ua ke hauv cov hlab ntsha no, ua rau lawv nqaim. Qhov no hu ua atherosclerosis . Nws zoo li xeb sib sau ua ke hauv cov kav dej dhau sijhawm.

ACS tshwm sim sai sai yog tias cov roj uas tau tso rau hauv lub cev no (plaque) tam sim ntawd tawg lossis tawg.

Thaum qhov ntawd tshwm sim, cov ntshav txhaws yuav tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov chaw tawg.Cov ntshav txhaws no ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim, lossis thaiv nws tag nrho. Tom qab ntawd, ib feem ntawm lub plawv (myocardium) tsis tau txais cov pa oxygen uas nws xav tau. Qhov tsis muaj oxygen (ischemia) no ua rau cov leeg plawv puas tsuaj. Thaum ntawd, tus mob angina lossis mob plawv nres uas tau hais ua ntej.

Tsis tshua muaj, ACS kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam laj thawj:

• Kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv (coronary artery embolism) yog kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, cov npuas cua, lossis cov rog me me.
• Kev mob plawv ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
• Kev txiav cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv uas tsis tau npaj tseg (SCAD).

Cov tsos mob ntawm ACS yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm ACS tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha raug thaiv qhov twg, qhov kev thaiv loj npaum li cas, koj lub hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, thiab seb koj puas muaj lwm yam mob, xws li ntshav qab zib.

Feem ntau cov tsos mob no tshwm sim yam tsis tau ceeb toom, txawm tias thaum koj so. Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog mob hauv siab lossis tsis xis nyob (angina) . Qhov no tuaj yeem zoo li:

• Zoo li mob heev.
• Zoo li kub hnyiab.
• Lub hauv siab zoo li hnyav.
• Lub hauv siab nruj.
• Zoo li ib qho thawb, ib qho nias.
• Zoo li raug ntes lawm.

Qhov mob no tuaj yeem kis mus rau sab laug ntawm xub pwg nyom, nqis mus rau ntawm caj npab, caj dab, nraub qaum, lossis lub puab tsaig. Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus neeg yuav tsis muaj cov tsos mob hauv siab.

Lwm cov tsos mob uas pom ntau:

• Kiv taub hau, lightheadedness, thiab xav tias koj yuav tsaus muag.
• Kev tawm hws ntau dhau (diaphoresis).
• Kev nkees, kev qaug zog.
• Zoo li koj lub plawv dhia ceev, zoo li koj lub hauv siab dhia ceev (lub plawv dhia ceev).
• Mob plab sab saud (qee tus yuav xav tias qhov no yog mob plab zom mov tsis zoo lossis mob plab o).

Cov poj niam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, yuav tsis tshua muaj cov tsos mob hauv siab thaum lub sijhawm ACS. Lawv yuav muaj ntau cov tsos mob no:

* Xeev siab los yog ntuav.

* Qhov mob kis mus rau lub xub pwg nyom, caj dab, plab, lossis lub puab tsaig.

Ua pa nyuaj (dyspnea).

Yog tias cov tsos mob no tseem muaj lossis hnyav zuj zus, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob sai li sai tau . Yog tias koj xav tias qhov no yuav yog mob plawv nres, noj tshuaj aspirin tam sim ntawd thiab mus rau chav kho mob ceev hauv tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws, lossis hu rau 911.

Yuav kuaj mob ACS li cas?

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob ACS li cas?

Ua ntej, koj yuav raug kuaj lub cev. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav kuaj ntshav thiab EKG (Electrocardiogram).Ua tiav ib qho lawm. Ib daim EKG sau cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv. Los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj mob plawv nres lossis mob angina tsis ruaj khov.

Ntxiv rau, tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam kev kuaj mob los txiav txim seb puas muaj lwm yam mob thiab xaiv txoj kev kho mob uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Piv txwv li, kev kuaj mob thaum tawm dag zog lossis kev kuaj mob thaum noj tshuaj yuav ua rau koj lub plawv dhia ceev dua thiab ntsuas seb koj lub plawv teb li cas thaum koj ua haujlwm ntau tshaj plaws.

Kev tshawb nrhiav duab, xws li CT scan lossis lub plawv MRI, kuj siv los tau cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm lub plawv. Lwm yam kev kuaj duab yuav suav nrog:

• Kev tshuaj xyuas calcium-score ntawm lub plawv scan.
• Kev siv catheter rau lub plawv.
• Kev kuaj mob plawv los ntawm kev siv computer tomography angiogram (CCTA).
• Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub plawv (coronary angiogram).
• Kev kuaj lub plawv (echocardiography).
• Kev thaij duab tshuaj nuclear.

ACS yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob. Yog tias kev kuaj mob lees paub tias cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub plawv raug thaiv, koj yuav raug kho tam sim ntawd . Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob hnyav, xws li tsis nco qab, kev kho mob yuav pib ua ntej kev kuaj mob tau lees paub.

Puas muaj kev kho mob tag nrho rau ACS?

Tsis muaj tshuaj kho tau ACS. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob thaum ntxov tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxiv rau koj lub plawv thiab ua kom nws ua haujlwm tau zoo li sai tau. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia koj ntxiv txog cov hau kev los txo koj cov kev pheej hmoo thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem.

Yuav kho ACS li cas?

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob rau ACS yog kom txo qhov mob thiab rov qab cov ntshav ntws thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv sai li sai tau. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kho mob raws li koj tus mob tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau nws yuav siv cov tshuaj thiab cov txheej txheem phais kom qhib cov hlab ntsha thiab rov qab ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv.

Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntawv rau cov tshuaj twg rau ACS?

Hom tshuaj uas koj yuav tau txais yuav nyob ntawm koj tus mob tshwj xeeb. Qee zaum, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj ua ntej paub tseeb tias koj tau kuaj mob. Cov tshuaj no yuav muaj xws li:

• Cov tshuaj anticoagulants lossis cov tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias, xws li aspirin lossis heparin.
• Cov tshuaj angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, uas txo cov ntshav siab.
• Cov tshuaj beta-blockers, uas tswj cov ntshav siab thiab ua kom lub plawv dhia qeeb.
• Nitroglycerin, uas ua rau cov ntshav ntws zoo dua thiab txo qhov mob hauv siab.
• Cov tshuaj mob.
• Statins, uas txo cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav.
• Cov tshuaj Thrombolytic hauv 12 teev thawj zaug ntawm kev mob plawv nres .

Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj rau lwm yam teeb meem plawv xws li:

• Cov roj cholesterol ntau.
• Ntshav siab.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis sib xws (Arrhythmia).

Kuv puas yuav tsum tau phais mob rau ACS?

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev phais mob rau ACS yog kom rov qhib cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv thiab rov qab ua kom cov ntshav ntws zoo li qub. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom siv cov kev kho mob xws li:

• Angioplasty nrog stent: Ntxig ib daim hlau me me (stent) los qhib cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv.
• Kev phais mob plawv (CABG): Tsim txoj kev tshiab rau cov ntshav ntws.
• Kev kho mob plawv los ntawm kev siv percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): Qhib cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ACS?

Kev ua neej noj qab haus huv rau lub plawv tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ACS thiab lwm yam mob plawv. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia los pab koj ua li ntawd:

• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb: Yog tias koj haus luam yeeb lossis siv cov khoom nicotine, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev pab cuam thiab cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem pab koj tso kev haus luam yeeb.
• Noj zaub mov zoo rau lub plawv: Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws noj zaub mov uas tau sau npe txog kev noj zaub mov uas tuaj yeem pab koj tswj tau qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo thiab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv. Cov zaub mov Mediterranean thiab DASH yog ob qho zaub mov zoo.
• Txwv kev haus cawv: Txwv cov poj niam haus ib khob ib hnub thiab cov txiv neej haus ob khob ib hnub.
• Tswj cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv xws li roj cholesterol ntau, ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, kev ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab, thiab kev ntxhov siab. Koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws pab tswv yim kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa thiab kev kho mob rau qhov no.
• Ua kom koj lub cev nquag: Kev tawm dag zog tuaj yeem pab koj kom poob phaus, txhim kho koj lub cev kom noj qab haus huv, thiab txo kev ntxhov siab. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej pib ua ib qho kev tawm dag zog twg.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov kev cia siab rau ACS status?

Qhov kev cia siab rau ACS nyob ntawm seb koj muaj mob dab tsi, nws qhov hnyav npaum li cas, thiab qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg plawv npaum li cas. Yog tias kuaj pom thiab kho raws sijhawm, nrog rau kev hloov pauv hauv koj txoj kev ua neej, koj tuaj yeem muaj lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws los ua lub neej noj qab haus huv.

Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab ua kom lub plawv noj qab nyob zoo. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob raws sijhawm, ua tiav txhua qhov kev kuaj mob uas koj tus kws kho mob hais kom ua, thiab tham txog koj txoj kev saib xyuas mus sij hawm ntev kom koj nkag siab txog yam koj ua tau los txo koj cov kev pheej hmoo thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem.

Yog tias koj tau muaj mob plawv nres, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob plawv kom pab koj rov qab muaj zog, txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, thiab txhim kho koj lub neej kom zoo dua.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob rau ACS?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm ACS , nrhiav kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tam sim ntawd . Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm ACS tam sim ntawd, lossis yog tias koj xav tias nws yog mob plawv nres, mus rau chav kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm koj lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws, lossis hu rau 911. Tsis txhob nkim sijhawm!

Yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi rau pab pawg kho mob?

Thaum koj mus rau tsev kho mob, pab neeg kho mob yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob, xws li thaum twg lawv pib thiab lawv hnyav npaum li cas.

Yog koj muab tau ntau yam ntxiv ces zoo dua. Xav txog cov no:

• Kuv thawj zaug hnov ​​​​​​cov tsos mob thaum twg?
• Kuv ua dab tsi thaum ntawd?
• Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi?
• Lawv nyob ntawd ntev npaum li cas lawm?
• Kuv puas mob? Mob qhov twg?
• Ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 1 txog 10, kuv hnov ​​mob npaum li cas?
• Kuv puas muaj lwm yam mob?
• Tam sim no kuv noj cov tshuaj twg?

Mob plawv Acute Coronary Syndrome yog ib yam mob plawv uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias koj lub plawv nres. Hu rau 1990 yam tsis muaj kev yig, lossis mus rau tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd. Kev kuaj mob sai thiab kev kho mob tuaj yeem pab koj lub plawv rov qab zoo li qub thiab pab koj rov zoo.

Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum coj mus tsev los ntawm zaj dab neeg no? (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Nws yooj yim heev. Mob plawv Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim sai sai thiab loj heev. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob hauv siab, ua tsis taus pa, lossis tawm hws sai sai , nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd tuaj yeem cawm tau koj txoj sia. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj muaj cov yam txaus ntshai xws li ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, lossis roj cholesterol ntau. Kev ua neej noj qab haus huv, tso kev haus luam yeeb, thiab ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia yog cov hauv kev tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm qhov mob no. Saib xyuas koj lub plawv!

Mob plawv dhia ceev ceev, Mob plawv nres, Mob hauv siab, Mob angina, Mob plawv dhia ceev ceev, Kab mob plawv, Kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm ceev