Thaum koj saib koj cov ntshav, koj puas tau pom lo lus 'Blasts'? Nws yog ib qho ib txwm uas koj yuav ntshai thiab xav paub me ntsis thaum koj pom nws. Vim tias lo lus tsis paub no yeej hais ntau yam txog peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham txog cov Blast Cells no yog dab tsi, lawv tseem ceeb npaum li cas rau peb lub cev, thiab lawv cov lej nce ntxiv qhia txog dab tsi. Tsis txhob txhawj, cia peb nkag siab qhov no yooj yim.
Cov Blast Cells yog dab tsi hauv cov lus yooj yim?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov hlwb tawg yog "cov hlwb me nyuam" lossis cov hlwb tsis tau loj hlob. Zoo li ib tug me nyuam mos. Cov no yog cov hlwb uas tom qab loj hlob, uas yog, loj hlob, thiab dhau los ua ntau hom hlwb sib txawv uas peb lub cev xav tau. Tab sis yog tias koj daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob hais txog "blasts," nws feem ntau yog hais txog cov hlwb ntshav tsis tau loj hlob . Cov kws kho mob ntshav thiab cov kws kho mob qog ntshav saib tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlwb tawg no hauv koj cov ntshav kom txiav txim siab txog ntau yam kab mob ntsig txog ntshav.
Qhov txawv ntawm Stem Cells thiab Blast Cells yog dab tsi?
Qhov no kuj yog ib yam dab tsi uas ua rau ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem. Xav txog cov hlwb noob (stem cell) ua "lub hlwb thawj" uas pib txhua yam. Nws zoo li ib lub pob av nplaum. Peb tuaj yeem ua txhua yam los ntawm lub pob av nplaum ntawd, zoo li lub lauj kaub, ib lub khob, lossis txhua yam. Cov hlwb noob yog li ntawd. Lawv tuaj yeem dhau los ua txhua hom hlwb.
Cov hlwb tawg yog kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev txhim kho cov hlwb no. Tam sim no peb tau pib ua lub lauj kaub tawm ntawm lub pob av nplaum ntawd, thiab nws tab tom ua duab. Tam sim no peb tsis tuaj yeem ua rau nws mus rau hauv lub khob dua. Yog li, lub hlwb tawg yog lub hlwb uas tau pib mus rau ib qho kev taug kev tshwj xeeb. Ntawd yog, nws tau txiav txim siab los ua lub hlwb ntshav liab, lub hlwb ntshav dawb, lossis lub platelet. Yog vim li cas cov hlwb tawg kuj hu ua "cov hlwb ua ntej."
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb tawg hauv peb lub cev thiab qhov chaw uas lawv tsim
Cov qe ntshav tawg tsuas yog ib theem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov ntshav hauv peb lub cev. Peb hu cov txheej txheem tsim cov ntshav no tias 'Hematopoiesis'. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv peb cov pob txha . Cov pob txha pob txha zoo li lub Hoobkas tsim cov ntshav ntawm peb lub cev.
Hauv lub Hoobkas no, cov hlwb tseem ceeb hu ua 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC)' ua rau muaj ob hom hlwb tawg tseem ceeb:
- Myeloblast: Cov hlwb tawg no tom qab ntawd loj hlob los ua cov qe ntshav liab (uas nqa oxygen), qee hom qe ntshav dawb (granulocytes - uas tawm tsam kev kis kab mob), thiab platelets (uas pab cov ntshav txhaws).
- Lymphoblast: Cov hlwb tawg no tom qab ntawd tsim mus ua lymphocytes, lwm hom qe ntshav dawb tseem ceeb (ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob).
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov "cell me me," lossis cov blast cell, yuav tsum nyob hauv lub Hoobkas hu ua pob txha kom txog thaum lawv loj hlob tag. Tsuas yog thaum lawv loj hlob tag thiab npaj txhij ua haujlwm lawv thiaj li nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Yog li, yog tias daim ntawv qhia tias muaj cov blast cell hauv koj cov ntshav kuaj, nws txhais tau tias "cov cell me me" tau tawm hauv lub Hoobkas. Qhov ntawd yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm teeb meem.
Dab tsi ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov hlwb tawg?
Cov qe ntshav dawb yuav tsum muaj tsawg dua 5% ntawm tag nrho cov qe ntshav dawb hauv cov pob txha ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tsis muaj cov qe ntshav dawb hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv.
Yog tias koj muaj cov qe ntshav tawg ntau ntxiv hauv koj cov pob txha lossis cov ntshav, nws yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm mob qog ntshav xws li leukemia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov qe ntshav no zoo li txawv txawv thaum saib hauv qab lub tshuab microscope.
Koj tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov no los ntawm lub rooj hauv qab no.
| Mob | Feem pua ntawm cov hlwb tawg | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|---|
| Kab mob ntshav dawb Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) | 20% lossis ntau dua hauv cov pob txha pob txha lossis cov ntshav | Qhov no yog ib qho mob qog noj ntshav uas kis tau sai heev. Cov qe ntshav dawb uas tsis zoo li qub (myeloblasts) puv cov pob txha thiab tiv thaiv cov qe ntshav dawb kom tsis txhob tsim. |
| Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) | Nruab nrab ntawm 5% thiab 20% ntawm cov pob txha pob txha | Qhov no kuj yog ib hom mob qog ntshav. Cov qe ntshav tawg tuag hauv cov pob txha pob txha yam tsis tau loj hlob zoo. Qhov no ua rau cov qe ntshav noj qab haus huv tsawg zuj zus thiab ua rau muaj mob xws li ntshav tsis txaus. |
| Kab mob qog ntshav Myeloid ntev (CML) | Txawv ntawm theem:
| Qhov no yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas loj hlob sai. Qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob yog txiav txim siab los ntawm feem pua ntawm kev tawg. Txhua yam uas tshaj 20% yog qhov hnyav npaum li AML. |
| Kab mob qog ntshav Lymphoblastic loj heev (ALL) | 20% lossis ntau dua ntawm cov pob txha pob txha | Qhov no yog hom mob qog noj ntshav uas feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus. Cov qe ntshav dawb uas tsis zoo li qub (lymphoblasts) loj hlob ntau dhau thiab siv qhov chaw hauv cov pob txha. |
Puas yog cov hlwb tawg tuaj yeem loj hlob yam tsis ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav?
Yog, koj ua tau. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev. Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb tsis tas li txhais tau tias yog mob qog noj ntshav. Qee yam mob thiab kev kho mob uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ib ntus.
- Kev Kab Mob Hnyav: Thaum lub cev muaj kev kis kab mob hnyav xws li 'Sepsis', peb lub cev pib tsim cov qe ntshav dawb ntau dhau los tawm tsam kev kis kab mob. Lub sijhawm no, qee cov qe ntshav dawb uas tsis tau loj hlob kuj tseem yuav nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav los ntawm cov pob txha.
- Kev Kho Mob G-CSF: Thaum kho mob qog noj ntshav xws li chemotherapy, cov qe ntshav dawb yuav txo qis. Lub sijhawm ntawd, yuav muaj kev txhaj tshuaj hu ua 'Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)' los txhawb kom cov qe ntshav dawb tsim tawm. Kev txhaj tshuaj no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov qe ntshav tawg ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntshav ib ntus.
- Kev hloov cov hlwb qia: Tom qab kev hloov cov hlwb qia rau qee yam mob, tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlwb tawg yuav nce ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov ntshav tshiab.
Tiam sis qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov qe ntshav dawb uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav no feem ntau zoo li noj qab nyob zoo hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav. Lawv tuaj yeem ua lawv txoj haujlwm thaum lawv loj hlob. Hauv mob qog noj ntshav, peb pom cov qe ntshav dawb uas tsis zoo li qub, tsis zoo li qub.
Koj yuav xyuas seb lub blast cell theem li cas?
Cov kws kho mob siv ntau qhov kev kuaj tseem ceeb los kawm txog cov hlwb tawg.
- Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Ntawm Sab Nraud (PBS):Qhov no suav nrog kev muab ib tee ntawm koj cov ntshav pleev rau ntawm daim iav thiab saib nws hauv qab lub tshuab microscope. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais lub tswv yim ntxhib ntawm seb puas muaj cov hlwb tawg hauv cov ntshav, lawv zoo li cas, thiab feem pua yog dab tsi.
- Kev kuaj pob txha: Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tseeb thiab tiav tshaj plaws txog cov hlwb pob txha tawg. Kev kuaj pob txha lossis kev nqus cov hlwb pob txha suav nrog kev rho ib rab koob me me los ntawm pob txha loj, xws li pob txha duav, thiab coj ib qho qauv ntawm cov hlwb pob txha. Tom qab ntawd nws raug kuaj hauv chav kuaj mob kom paub meej txog feem pua ntawm cov hlwb pob txha tawg thiab lawv qhov xwm txheej tseeb.
- Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC): Qhov no kuaj xyuas koj cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov ntshav platelet. Thaum cov qe ntshav tawg ntau ntxiv, cov qe ntshav noj qab haus huv no tuaj yeem txo qis.
Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai yog tias koj pom 'blasts' ntawm koj daim ntawv qhia. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim ntawm qee yam loj heev, thiab qee zaum nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho mob ib ntus. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd thiab ua raws li nws cov lus qhia. Nws yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws tshwj xeeb ntshav yog tias tsim nyog.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov qe ntshav tawg yog cov qe ntshav uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob, "me nyuam". Lawv tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm ib tus neeg noj qab nyob zoo.
- Feem pua ntawm cov hlwb tawg ntau hauv cov ntshav lossis cov pob txha pob txha (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau dua 20%) tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm mob qog ntshav xws li leukemia.
- Txawm li cas los xij, kev kis kab mob hnyav thiab qee qhov kev kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlwb tawg ntau ntxiv ib ntus.
- Yog koj pom lo lus 'blasts' hauv koj cov ntshav qhia, tsis txhob ntshai thiab mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tham txog nws. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob thiaj li muab tau kev kuaj mob thiab kev taw qhia tseeb.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus