Lub peev xwm ntawm lub plawv: Cia peb kawm txog Ejection Fraction!

Koj puas tau hnov ​​​​​​lo lus 'Ejection Fraction'? Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov ​​​​​​nws los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob lossis ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg thaum lawv tham txog kab mob plawv. Qhov tseeb nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, thiab nws yog qhov ntsuas seb peb lub plawv noj qab haus huv npaum li cas. Yog li, hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov 'Ejection Fraction' no yog dab tsi thiab nws hais li cas txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb lub plawv.

Ejection Fraction yog dab tsi? Hais yooj yim xwb...

Hais yooj yim xwb, Ejection Fraction yog ib qho kev ntsuas seb koj lub plawv nqus ntshav tau zoo npaum li cas. Yog hais kom meej dua, nws yog qhov ntau ntawm cov ntshav uas raug tso tawm ntawm cov chav loj (tseem hu ua cov ventricles) ntawm qab ntawm lub plawv thaum txhua lub sijhawm dhia.

Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, cia peb rov qab xav txog seb cov ntshav ntws li cas hauv lub plawv:

1. Cov ntshav nkag mus rau sab xis saum toj ntawm lub plawv ua ntej (qhov no hu ua 'right atrium').

2. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm lub plawv dhia, cov ntshav no hla dhau lub qhov (valve) thiab sau rau hauv chav qis ('left ventricle') ntawm sab laug ntawm lub plawv.

3. Tam sim no, thaum lub plawv sab laug no puv nrog cov ntshav, nrog rau lub plawv dhia tom ntej, ib feem ntawm cov ntshav ntawd raug nqus tawm mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev. Qhov ntau ntawm cov ntshav uas raug nqus tawm yog qhov peb ntsuas los ntawm qhov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ejection.

Lub plawv noj qab nyob zoo uas muaj cov zis tawm ntau npaum li cas yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov ntshav uas lub plawv dhia ib zaug, yuav tsum yog li ntawm 50% thiab 70% . Qhov no txhais tau tias thaum lub plawv dhia ib zaug, yuav tsum yog li ntawm 50% thiab 70% ntawm cov ntshav hauv lub plawv sab laug raug tso tawm mus rau lub cev.

Tiam sis kuj muaj qhov no. Tej zaum ib txhia neeg yuav muaj cov ejection fraction ib txwm muaj, tab sis lawv tseem yuav muaj mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Peb hu qhov no tias 'Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)'. Qhov no txhais tau tias txawm hais tias cov ejection fraction zoo, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm yog los ntawm lwm yam teeb meem hauv lub plawv.

Vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb kom paub kuv qhov Ejection Fraction?

Koj qhov Ejection Fraction yog ib qho cim qhia tseem ceeb ntawm seb koj lub plawv ua haujlwm zoo npaum li cas. Ejection Fraction qis feem ntau txhais tau tias koj muaj lossis muaj feem yuav mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, kev paub txog tus nqi no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev npaj kev kho mob thiab saib xyuas koj lub plawv.

Puas muaj ntau hom Ejection Fraction sib txawv?

Yog, qhov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem ua tau feem ntau hauv ob qho tib si sab laug thiab sab xis ('ventricles') ntawm lub plawv.

Sab laug Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)

Feem ntau peb tham txog sab laug ntawm lub plawv ua Ejection Fraction. Vim tias,Lub plawv sab laug tso cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau mus rau thoob plaws lub cev. Yog li, tus nqi 'LVEF' no pab txiav txim seb puas muaj qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm sab laug ntawm lub plawv, thiab yog tias muaj, nws hnyav npaum li cas.

Kev Tawm Tsam Sab Xis ntawm Ventricular Ejection Fraction (RVEF)

Qhov no ntsuas seb cov ntshav uas tsis muaj oxygen, tsis huv npaum li cas raug nqus los ntawm lub plawv sab xis mus rau lub ntsws (qhov chaw uas cov pa oxygen rov qab tau). Tus nqi RVEF no tseem ceeb yog tias koj muaj mob plawv sab xis tsis ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tus mob no tsis tshua muaj ntau npaum li mob plawv sab laug tsis ua haujlwm.

Cov nqi Ejection Fraction txhais li cas?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov koj qhov Ejection Fraction qis dua, qhov koj lub plawv lub peev xwm los nqus ntshav yuav qis dua. Qhov no pom tau rau cov neeg uas muaj mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm hnyav. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem qis dua thaum ntxov ntawm kev mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Cov kev xaiv kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj qhov Ejection Fraction deb npaum li cas los ntawm qhov ib txwm muaj.

• Yog tias nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm 40% thiab 49%: Qhov no hu ua 'mid-range ejection fraction'. Qhov no txhais tau tias lub plawv lub peev xwm nqus dej qis dua li qub me ntsis. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Los yog, cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hnyav, xws li thaum lub sijhawm ua si, thiab ploj mus thaum koj so.
• 39% lossis tsawg dua: Qhov no hu ua 'Lub Plawv Tsis Ua Haujlwm nrog Kev Txo Ejection Frection (HFrEF)'. Qhov no txhais tau tias lub peev xwm nqus dej qis dua li qub. Qhov qis dua ntawm qhov ejection fraction, qhov siab dua ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem txaus ntshai xws li lub plawv nres tam sim ntawd ('Cardiac Arrest'). Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem hnyav, thiab koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​tsis xis nyob txawm tias zaum xwb.

Puas muaj peev xwm ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm (HFpEF) tshwm sim txawm tias qhov ejection fraction yog ib txwm muaj?

Yog lawm, zoo li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, nyob rau hauv qhov mob hu ua 'Lub Plawv Tsis Ua Haujlwm nrog Kev Tso Tawm Fraction khaws cia (HFpEF),' lub plawv tso cov ntshav ntau heev rau lub cev thaum nws dhia. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem yog tias tag nrho cov ntshav uas khaws cia rau hauv lub plawv sab laug txo qis. Qhov no yog vim tias cov leeg nqaij plawv tuab lossis tawv, uas txo qhov loj ntawm lub chamber. Tom qab ntawd, lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tso cov ntshav ntau npaum li nws xav tau.

Tej zaum koj yuav muaj feem yuav mob HFpEF vim yog cov laj thawj hauv qab no:

• Cardiac Tamponade (kua dej sib sau ua ke nyob ib puag ncig lub plawv)
• Kab Mob Ntshav Siab
• Kab mob plawv
• Ntshav Siab

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj qhov txo qis ntawm ejection fraction?

Cov leeg nqaij plawv noj qab nyob zoo yog qhov xav tau rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv kom lawv lub plawv dhia thiab tso ntshav tawm. Yog tias muaj ib qho mob uas ua rau cov leeg nqaij plawv tsis muaj zog lossis puas tsuaj, qhov kev dhia no yuav tsis tshwm sim zoo, thiab qhov ua haujlwm ntawm kev tso ntshav yuav txo qis.

Lub plawv ces yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua kom ua nws txoj haujlwm. Qhov kev ntxhov siab ntxiv no tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv o lossis tsim cov nqaij caws pliav. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov chav kom puv nrog ntshav thiab nqus ntshav. Txawm tias koj qhov ejection fraction txo qis me ntsis, koj yuav tsis pom qhov txawv ntau thaum xub thawj. Tab sis yog tias koj lub plawv ua haujlwm maj mam txo qis thiab koj qhov ejection fraction zuj zus, koj tuaj yeem mob hnyav.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov ejection fraction qis yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau , qhov ejection fraction qis dua, cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm hnyav dua. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj tej yam xws li:

• Kev tsis meej pem: Muaj teeb meem xav tau meej.
• Qaug zog: Xav tias nkees txawm tias thaum ua haujlwm xwb.
• Lub plawv dhia ceev: Ib qho kev xav tias lub plawv dhia ceev lossis lub plawv dhia ceev hauv lub hauv siab.
• Xeev siab.
• Ua tsis taus pa: Ua pa nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw.
• Kev khaws dej: Ib qho mob uas lub plab lossis ob txhais ceg o tuaj nrog dej.
• Tsis muaj zog.

Nco ntsoov, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias Ejection Fraction siab dua li qub?

Nws tsis tshua muaj pes tsawg tus ejection fraction yuav yog 75% lossis siab dua. Tab sis yog tias nws tshwm sim, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas muaj mob xws li 'Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy' (cov leeg nqaij plawv tuab tsis zoo).

Yuav tsum ntsuas tus lej ejection ntawm leej twg?

Yog tias koj muaj kab mob lossis muaj feem yuav ua rau koj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, kev paub txog koj cov ejection fraction yuav pab tau heev. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no:

• Cov kab mob zoo li 'ATTR Amyloidosis' uas cuam tshuam rau lub plawv.
• Qee cov kev kho mob chemotherapy rau mob qog noj ntshav lossis lwm yam kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv puas tsuaj (cardiotoxicity).
• Kab Mob Plawv Yug Los.
• Yog koj muaj mob plawv nres.
• Kab Mob Plawv.
• Mob plawv.
• Ntshav siab heev.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis sib xws ntawm cov chav plawv ('Ventricular Arrhythmia').

Yuav siv Ejection Fraction li cas rau kev kho mob?

Tus nqi no pab cov kws kho mob xaiv txoj kev kho mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau koj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kuaj xyuas koj cov ejection fraction tsis tu ncua thoob plaws koj txoj kev kho mob tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj lub plawv ua haujlwm zoo dua.

Qee qhov kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau mob plawv nres yog:

• Ib hom tshuab pacemaker tshwj xeeb ('Biventricular pacemaker').
• Cov tshuaj kho mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm.
• Kev hloov plawv.
• Kho lossis hloov lub plawv valve.
• Muab ib lub cuab yeej me me tso rau hauv lub cev uas xa hluav taws xob rau lub plawv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator - ICD).

Yuav ntsuas Ejection Fraction li cas?

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas qhov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ejection. Qhov kev kuaj mob uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog echocardiogram, uas zoo li kev ntsuas ultrasound ntawm lub plawv.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov kev ntsuam xyuas no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ejection:

• Kev Siv Catheter Rau Lub Plawv.
• Kev luam theej duab lub plawv ('Cardiac Computed Tomography (CT) scan').
• MRI ntawm lub plawv.
• Kev luam theej duab MUGA (Multigated Acquisition Scan), tseem hu ua Nuclear Stress Test.

Kuv puas tuaj yeem txhim kho kuv qhov Ejection Fraction?

Yog, yeej muaj tseeb. Kev kho mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm kho qhov ua rau muaj qhov qis ntawm ejection fraction. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov qis ntawm ejection fraction yog vim lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia), lub tshuab pacemaker biventricular yuav pab tau. Yog tias nws yog vim lwm yam ua rau, xws li ntshav siab, tej zaum yuav xav tau tshuaj.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, koj tuaj yeem ua cov hauv qab no kom txo qhov kev ntxhov siab rau koj lub plawv thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm koj txoj kev kho mob:

• Kev ua ub ua no ntau ntxiv: Ib qho kev pab cuam kho lub plawv tuaj yeem pab koj pib ua si kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.
• Tswj kom muaj qhov hnyav noj qab nyob zoo.
• Txwv tsis pub noj ntsev (sodium) thiab dej hauv cov zaub mov noj.
• Tso tseg cov cwj pwm tsis zoo xws li haus luam yeeb, siv yeeb tshuaj, thiab haus dej cawv.

Kuv yuav paub li cas tias kuv qhov ejection fraction zoo dua?

Yog tias koj qhov ejection fraction qis, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob ntau zaus kom saib xyuas nws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob txhua zaus, txawm tias koj tsis mob los xij.

Yog tias koj cov tsos mob zoo dua, nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj qhov ejection fraction tab tom zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, koj cov tsos mob yuav hnyav zuj zus lossis cov tsos mob tshiab yuav tshwm sim. Cov no yuav qhia tau tias koj qhov ejection fraction tab tom hnyav zuj zus.

Yog tias muaj tej yam zoo li no tshwm sim, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, tsis txhob tos koj qhov kev teem caij mus ntsib kws kho mob tom ntej:

• Ua pa nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw.
• Kev xav tias lub plawv dhia ceev heev.
• Tsis qab los noj mov los yog ntuav.
• Kev hloov pauv sai sai ntawm qhov hnyav (qhov no yuav yog vim muaj dej khaws cia).
• Tsis muaj zog los yog kiv taub hau yam tsis muaj laj thawj.

Yuav tsum ntsuas Ejection Fraction ntau npaum li cas?

Cov kws kho mob yuav txhawj xeeb txog koj qhov ejection fraction hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

• Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm.
• Yog tias koj muaj mob plawv nres lossis lwm yam mob uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv.
• Yog koj muaj mob uas ua rau koj muaj feem mob plawv ntau ntxiv.

Tom qab koj tau kuaj pom tias koj muaj mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum kuaj qhov no ntau npaum li cas nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog koj qhov ejection fraction pib qis npaum li cas. Yog tias koj qhov ejection fraction tseem zuj zus tuaj, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj nws ntau zaus dua. Yog tias nws ruaj khov, koj yuav tsis tas yuav kuaj ntau zaus li.

Puas yog Ejection Fraction tsuas yog qhov kev kuaj mob los ntsuas qhov mob ntawm Lub Plawv Tsis Ua Haujlwm xwb?

Tsis yog. Qhov ntsuas ntawm cov ntshav uas tawm los ntawm lub plawv tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam kev ntsuas uas cov kws kho mob siv los ntsuas qhov mob ntawm koj lub plawv. Yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv kom paub meej tias yog vim li cas koj thiaj mob thiab muab kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.

Cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv no yuav suav nrog:

• Kev kuaj mob Angiography.
• X-ray hauv siab.
• Kev kuaj lub plawv (echocardiography).
• Kev kuaj mob hluav taws xob (`Electrocardiogram - EKG`).
• Kev Ntsuas Kev Nyuaj Siab.

Thaum kawg, tej yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Qhov Ejection Fraction yog ib qho cim qhia tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog ntawm lub plawv. Nws ntsuas seb lub plawv tso cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau npaum li cas rau hauv lub cev nrog txhua zaus dhia. Feem ntau qhov ejection fraction qis yog ib qho cim qhia tias lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj. Yog tias koj kho kom zoo thiab hloov koj txoj kev ua neej, feem ntau koj cov ejection fraction rov qab zoo li qub. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua. Qhov no yuav pab tau koj lub plawv kom noj qab nyob zoo.

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