Koj puas muaj mob caj pas uas tsis tau ploj mus ntau hnub lawm? Los yog muaj ib qho mob me me nyob rau hauv ces kaum ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj uas yuav tsis kho thiab ua rau koj tsis xis nyob? Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias zoo li ib lub pob me me thaum koj kov koj lub caj dab. Feem ntau peb tsis nco qab txog cov no, xav tias lawv tsuas yog mob khaub thuas lossis kev kis kab mob me me xwb. Tab sis qee zaum cov cim me me no tuaj yeem yog thawj qhov cim ntawm qee yam loj heev uas peb yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau. Yog li, hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib lub ncauj lus uas tsis muaj coob tus neeg tham txog, tab sis peb txhua tus yuav tsum paub txog - mob qog noj ntshav taub hau thiab caj dab.
Mob Cancer Taub Hau thiab Caj Dab yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, "mob qog noj ntshav taub hau thiab caj dab" tsis yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav xwb. Nws yog ib lo lus dav dav rau ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav uas pib nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm koj lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Feem ntau ntawm cov no pib hauv cov hlwb tiaj tiaj uas ua kab rau cov nqaij ntub dej hauv koj lub qhov ncauj, caj pas (pharynx), lub thawv suab, thiab lub qhov ntswg. Hauv cov lus kho mob, cov no hu ua squamous cells. Yog vim li ntawd feem ntau ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav no hu ua Head and Caj Dab Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC).
Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj hom mob qog noj ntshav no, koj tus kws kho mob qog noj ntshav yuav ua haujlwm nrog koj los txiav txim siab seb cov kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm no yog los tiv thaiv ntau yam ntawm lub cev li sai tau uas pab peb tham, noj mov, thiab qhia kev xav thaum tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov sai dua qhov mob no raug kuaj pom thiab kho, qhov zoo dua qhov muaj feem yuav rov zoo tag nrho.
Cov chaw tseem ceeb twg uas cov mob qog noj ntshav no tuaj yeem tshwm sim?
Muaj ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab. Cov no raug faib ua pawg raws li qhov chaw uas lawv tshwm sim. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.
| Hom Mob Cancer | Cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam |
|---|---|
| Mob Cancer Hauv Qhov Ncauj | Daim di ncauj, cov pos hniav, tus nplaig, sab plhu, thiab sab hauv ntawm daim di ncauj, sab saud thiab sab hauv qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tom qab cov hniav molars. |
| Mob Cancer ntawm Qog Ncauj | Muaj feem xyuam rau cov qog salivary. |
| Kab Mob Cancer Hauv Qhov Ntswg Thiab Paranasal Sinus | Muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw hauv lub qhov ntswg lossis cov qhov (sinus) hauv cov pob txha nyob ib puag ncig lub qhov ntswg. |
| Mob Cancer Nasopharyngeal | Nyob rau sab saud ntawm lub caj pas. |
| Mob Cancer ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab caj pas | Nruab nrab ntawm lub caj pas, ze ntawm cov tonsils thiab lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig. |
| Mob Cancer Hypopharyngeal | Nyob rau hauv qis dua ntawm lub caj pas. |
| Mob Cancer Laryngeal | Txuas nrog lub thawv suab (larynx), uas muaj cov vocal cords uas tsim peb lub suab. |
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav no yog dab tsi?
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum pib. Lawv zoo ib yam li cov mob khaub thuas lossis mob caj pas. Yog vim li ntawd ntau tus neeg thiaj tsis quav ntsej txog lawv. Tab sis nco ntsoov, mob caj pas uas kav ntev tshaj ob mus rau peb lub lis piam yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav no.
Cia peb saib seb koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob dab tsi nyob ntawm hom mob qog noj ntshav no.
| Cov tsos mob uas koj tab tom ntsib | Cov tsos mob uas koj pom tau los yog hnov tau |
|---|---|
| Mob caj pas tas li. | Ib lub pob/nqaij hauv caj pas, qhov ncauj, lossis caj dab. |
| Mob pob ntseg ntau zaus los yog muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kab mob hauv pob ntseg (txawm tias pob ntseg zoo li qub thaum kws kho mob kuaj xyuas los xij). | Mob hauv qhov ncauj los yog tus nplaig uas tsis kho. |
| Mob taub hau ntau zaus. | Ntsws ntshav ntau zaus, los ntshav nrog cov qaub ncaug lossis cov hnoos qeev. |
| Mob ntsej muag lossis caj dab uas tsis ploj mus. | Ib daim dawb los yog liab ntawm cov pos hniav, tus nplaig, los yog sab hauv lub qhov ncauj. |
| Mob rau cov hniav sab saud. | O ntawm lub puab tsaig, caj dab, lossis sab ntawm lub ntsej muag (qhov no yuav ua rau cov hniav cuav tsis haum). |
| Mob thaum zom lossis nqos zaub mov. | - |
| Qaug suab lossis hloov pauv lub suab. | - |
| Ua pa nyuaj los yog hais lus nyuaj. | - |
Yog koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, tej zaum nws yog ib qho zoo li qub. Tab sis kom paub meej tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd thiab mus kuaj xyuas tag nrho.
Vim li cas cov mob qog noj ntshav no thiaj tshwm sim? Cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo yog dab tsi?
Kab mob qog noj ntshav pib thaum ib lub cell ib txwm muaj hauv peb lub cev hloov pauv rau qee qhov laj thawj thiab pib faib tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau. Qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov cell no ua rau muaj qog nqaij hlav. Cov qog nqaij hlav no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau txheeb xyuas ntau yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cell no.
- Kev siv luam yeeb: Qhov no yog tus yeeb ncuab loj tshaj plaws. Kev siv luam yeeb yog lub luag haujlwm rau 70% txog 80% ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no suav nrog txhua yam los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb thiab cov luam yeeb cigars mus rau kev zom luam yeeb thiab siv cov tshuaj tsuag. Txawm tias koj tsis haus luam yeeb los xij, kev nyob ib puag ncig ib tus neeg uas haus luam yeeb (pa luam yeeb thib ob) ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv.
- Haus dej cawv ntau dhau: Kev haus dej cawv kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no yuav loj dua yog tias koj haus dej cawv nrog luam yeeb.
- Kab mob Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Qhov no yog ib hom kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev. Hauv cov teb chaws uas muaj kev vam meej lawm, kev kis tus kab mob HPV tam sim no yog qhov ua rau muaj cov mob qog noj ntshav no, ntau dua li kev haus luam yeeb.
- Kev zom txiv laum huam: Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb heev rau peb lub tebchaws thiab cov tebchaws Es Xias Qab Teb. Qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj hauv Sri Lanka yog kev zom txiv laum huam nrog nplooj txiv laum huam. Tus cwj pwm no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj ntau ntxiv.
Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo:
- Tus kab mob Epstein-Barr (EBV): Kev kis tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav hauv nasopharyngeal lossis mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov qog salivary.
- Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog: Thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem tsis muaj zog vim muaj tej yam xws li kev kis tus kab mob HIV thiab kev phais xws li kev hloov pauv lub cev.
- Cov ua rau muaj mob caj ces: Qee yam mob caj ces, piv txwv li, Fanconi anemia, yuav ua rau muaj feem mob qog noj ntshav no ntau ntxiv.
- Kev raug cov tshuaj carcinogenic: Kev raug tshuaj asbestos, tshuaj tua kab, hmoov ntoo, pa luam yeeb, thiab lwm yam mus sij hawm ntev.
- Kev raug hluav taws xob: Yog tias koj tau txais kev kho mob hluav taws xob rau thaj tsam taub hau lossis caj dab ua ntej.
- Cov khoom noj ntsev thiab khaws cia: Noj nqaij thiab ntses ntsev ntau zaus.
- Tsis quav ntsej txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm qhov ncauj: Tsis khaws koj cov hniav thiab cov pos hniav kom huv si yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj ntau ntxiv.
Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj mob no li cas kom meej?
Feem ntau kev kuaj mob pib nrog kev kuaj lub cev. Tus kws kho mob yuav ua tib zoo saib koj lub qhov ncauj, qhov ntswg, caj pas, thiab caj dab. Nws kuj tseem yuav xuas seb puas muaj pob lossis pob ntawm koj lub caj dab, daim di ncauj, thiab cov pos hniav.
Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav raug xa mus rau kev kuaj mob xws li cov no, raws li qhov xav tau:
- Endoscopy: Ib lub raj nyias nyias, ci ntsa iab siv los kuaj xyuas sab hauv ntawm koj lub qhov ntswg, caj pas, lossis lub thawv suab.
- Kev kuaj duab: Kev kuaj xws li X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, thiab PET scans tuaj yeem nrhiav pom cov qog hauv lub cev.
- Kev kuaj hauv chaw kuaj mob:Yog koj pom muaj dab tsi txawv txawv, koj tuaj yeem mus kuaj HPV kom paub tseeb tias tus kab mob HPV puas yog los ntawm tus kab mob HPV.
- Kev kuaj mob: Qhov no yog tib txoj kev kom paub tseeb 100% seb lub qog puas yog mob qog noj ntshav lossis tsis yog. Hauv qhov no, ib daim nqaij me me raug coj los ntawm lub qog thiab kuaj seb puas muaj cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov kev xaiv kho mob yog dab tsi?
Cov kev xaiv kho mob nyob ntawm seb hom mob qog noj ntshav, nws kis mus deb npaum li cas (theem), thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb yog:
- Kev Phais Mob: Thaum twg ua tau, cov kws phais mob yuav sim tshem tawm cov qog thiab me ntsis cov nqaij mos noj qab nyob ib puag ncig nws. Yog tias muaj kev xav tias cov qog tau kis mus rau cov qog ntshav, cov qog ntshav hauv caj dab kuj tseem yuav raug tshem tawm.
- Kev Kho Mob Hluav Taws Xob: Qhov no suav nrog kev siv cov hluav taws xob X-rays muaj zog heev los rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Kev kho mob no tuaj yeem muab ib leeg lossis ua ke nrog kev phais thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav: Kev siv tshuaj los tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Kev kho mob no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv rau cov mob hnyav uas mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov.
Yog tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav tau mob hnyav heev lossis rov qab los tom qab kho mob tas, tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav pom zoo kom siv lwm yam kev kho mob, xws li:
- Kev Kho Mob Targeted: Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm rau cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb hauv cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
- Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob: Cov tshuaj no pab peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob paub thiab rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
Koj yuav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej li cas ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav no?
Muaj ntau yam uas peb ua tau los tiv thaiv peb tus kheej ntawm ntau yam mob qog noj ntshav no.
- Tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li: Tsum tsis txhob haus txhua yam khoom haus luam yeeb, suav nrog cov luam yeeb, cov luam yeeb cigar, cov luam yeeb zom, thiab cov tshuaj haus luam yeeb.
- Txo lossis tsum tsis txhob haus cawv: Kev txwv cawv tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.
- Tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hu ua Gardasil 9® tiv thaiv ntau hom kab mob HPV.
- Tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm lub hnub: Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab hnav khaub ncaws uas npog koj daim tawv nqaij thaum koj nyob hauv lub hnub tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv koj ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab lub ntsej muag.
- Tswj kom koj lub qhov ncauj noj qab nyob zoo: Txhuam koj cov hniav txhua hnub thiab ua kom koj cov pos hniav noj qab nyob zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Tsis txhob tso tseg cov tsos mob xws li mob caj pas uas tsis zoo, mob qog hauv qhov ncauj, lub suab hloov pauv, lossis muaj pob hauv koj lub caj dab yog tias lawv tseem muaj ntau tshaj ob lub lis piam.
- Yog koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob ntshai thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Qhov sai dua uas kuaj pom tus kab mob, qhov ntau dua uas kev kho mob yuav ua tiav.
- Haus luam yeeb, haus cawv, thiab zom luam yeeb yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab. Txoj kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau yog tso tseg cov cwj pwm no.
- Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm tus kab mob loj no los ntawm kev ua neej noj qab haus huv thiab zam cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus