Kev xeeb tub yog ib lub sijhawm zoo siab tshaj plaws hauv koj lub neej. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, koj lub cev tab tom dhau los ntawm ntau qhov kev hloov pauv. Nrog rau cov kev hloov pauv no, qee zaum koj tuaj yeem ntshai me ntsis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau cov teeb meem plawv. Muaj ntau tus neeg ntshai tsis tsim nyog vim lawv tsis paub ntau txog qhov no. Yog li, hnub no peb yuav tham txog txhua yam koj xav paub txog kab mob plawv thaum cev xeeb tub, yooj yim thiab meej.
Kab mob plawv thaum cev xeeb tub yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, txhua yam teeb meem uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub plawv thaum cev xeeb tub yuav raug suav hais tias yog qhov teeb meem no. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim tau ob txoj kev tseem ceeb.
1. Cov mob plawv uas twb muaj lawm: Qhov no yog hais txog cov mob plawv uas koj muaj ua ntej koj cev xeeb tub. Tej zaum cov no tsis tau ua rau koj muaj cov tsos mob lossis teeb meem loj ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau cov kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv koj lub cev thaum cev xeeb tub, cov mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj txawv thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem.
2. Kab mob plawv tshiab thaum cev xeeb tub: Cov no yog cov mob uas koj tsis tau muaj ua ntej koj cev xeeb tub thiab uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm no. Txawm hais tias qee qhov ntawm cov no tsis muaj teeb meem, qee qhov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias feem ntau cov poj niam uas muaj kab mob plawv tuaj yeem xeeb tub tau zoo thiab yug tau tus menyuam noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau kev qhia thiab kev saib xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob kom zoo .
Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum qhov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj heev. Qhov tseeb, hauv cov tebchaws zoo li Tebchaws Meskas, kab mob plawv yog qhov ua rau cov niam tuag ntau tshaj plaws.
- 1 ntawm 3 tus neeg tuag vim cev xeeb tub yog vim muaj kab mob plawv.
- Kab mob plawv cuam tshuam txog li 4 ntawm 100 tus cev xeeb tub.
- Tej yam xws li ntshav siab, rog dhau (qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev nce ntxiv), thiab muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo ua rau muaj qhov kev pheej hmoo no ntau ntxiv.
Tsis txhob ntshai kawm tej yam no. Cov no yog tej yam uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj paub. Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub lossis npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no. Ua ntej ntawd, cia peb nkag siab txog dab tsi tshwm sim rau koj lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha thaum cev xeeb tub.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau koj lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha thaum cev xeeb tub?
Koj lub cev tab tom dhau los ntawm ntau yam kev hloov pauv zoo kawg nkaus thaum lub sijhawm no. Cov kev hloov pauv no ua rau koj lub cev muaj kev nyuaj siab ntxiv thiab koj lub siab yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua li niaj zaus. Cov kev hloov pauv no yog ib txwm muaj. Lawv yog los xyuas kom meej tias tus menyuam uas loj hlob hauv plab tau txais cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham kom txaus.
- Ntshav ntau ntxiv: Koj lub cev cov ntshav pib ntau ntxiv txij li ob peb lub lis piam thawj zaug ntawm kev cev xeeb tub. Thaum kawg ntawm kev cev xeeb tub, koj cov ntshav tau nce li ntawm 40% - 45%. Nco ntsoov, qhov no yog vim koj cov ntshav yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv nrog rau koj tus menyuam.
- Lub plawv dhia ceev dua:Nws yog ib qho ib txwm rau koj lub plawv dhia nce li ntawm 10-20 zaus ib feeb thaum lub sijhawm no. Qhov no maj mam nce ntxiv, thiab ncav cuag nws qhov siab tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub.
- Lub Plawv Tso Tawm: Qhov no yog qhov ntshav uas koj lub plawv tso tawm ib feeb. Qhov no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv 30% txog 50% ntawm lub lim tiam 28 thiab 34. Yog tias koj tab tom yug menyuam ntxaib, qhov no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv txog li 60%.
Cov kev hloov no yuav ua rau koj xav tias tej yam zoo li no:
- Xav tias nkees heev (Fatigue).
- Hnov kiv taub hau.
- Ua pa nyuaj, zoo li koj tab tom ua tsis taus pa (Dyspnea).
- Lub plawv dhia ceev (zoo li koj lub plawv dhia ceev).
Nov yog qhov uas nws ua rau me ntsis tsis meej pem. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsos mob no kuj tuaj yeem yog cov cim qhia txog kab mob plawv . Yog li, txawm hais tias koj muaj cov cim ceeb toom ntawm kab mob plawv, koj yuav xav tias, "Auj, qhov no tsuas yog ib yam dab tsi ua rau cev xeeb tub." Yog vim li cas kab mob plawv thaum cev xeeb tub thiaj li txaus ntshai heev. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau qhia seb cov tsos mob yog qhov ib txwm muaj lossis qee yam uas yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog.
Yog tias koj muaj kab mob plawv ua ntej lawm, koj muaj feem yuav muaj teeb meem ntau dua thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no nyob ntawm seb koj muaj mob dab tsi thiab nws qhov hnyav npaum li cas.
Yog tias koj muaj mob plawv ua ntej lawm, yuav ua li cas?
Qee yam mob plawv muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem thaum cev xeeb tub. Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov mob teev hauv qab no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham txog cov kev pheej hmoo nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej cev xeeb tub.
Kab Mob Plawv Thaum Yug Los
Cov no yog cov teeb meem nrog koj lub plawv uas koj muaj thaum koj yug los. Qee qhov ntawm cov no tuaj yeem yog me me, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem loj heev. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob hnyav feem ntau raug kho thaum lawv tseem hluas. Tab sis qee zaum lub plawv tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txawv tom qab phais.
Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj mob plawv txij thaum yug los, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej koj cev xeeb tub. Nws yuav xa koj mus rau kws kho mob plawv. Lawv yuav soj ntsuam koj qhov kev pheej hmoo cev xeeb tub thiab muab cov lus qhia tsim nyog rau koj.
Cov teeb meem feem ntau ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los yog:
- Lub plawv dhia tsis zoo (Arrhythmia)
- Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm
- Kev yug me nyuam hauv plab tsis zoo los yog yug ntxov ntxov
Cov xwm txheej uas muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg:
- Mob ntsws ntsws me me stenosis.
- Kho tau zoo "qhov hauv lub plawv" - (Atrial Septal Defects - ASDs) thiab (Ventricular Septal Defects - VSDs).
- Kho tau zoo lawm (Patent Ductus Arteriosus - PDA).
Cov xwm txheej muaj kev pheej hmoo siab:
- Kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub plawv aortic valve nrog rau lub plawv bicuspid.
- Coarctation ntawm lub aorta.
- Tetralogy ntawm Fallot (kho tau).
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj (kho).
Muaj ntau lwm yam kab mob plawv uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe no. Txawm tias koj tus mob tsis muaj nyob rau ntawm no los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj xav txog kev xeeb tub.
Kab mob plawv
Kab mob plawv yog ib qho ua rau muaj teeb meem loj thiab tuag thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov kev pheej hmoo nyob ntawm hom mob uas koj muaj thiab nws qhov hnyav. Yog tias koj muaj tus mob no, tham txog cov kev pheej hmoo ua ntej cev xeeb tub.
Kab mob plawv
Muaj ntau hom kab mob plawv uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum koj tseem muaj sia nyob. Qee cov kab mob me me tsis cuam tshuam rau kev xeeb tub, thaum qee qhov mob hnyav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv. Yog tias koj muaj keeb kwm ntawm kab mob plawv, nug koj tus kws kho mob seb puas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev xeeb tub.
Tej zaum ib txhia poj niam yuav muaj lub plawv prosthetic. Lawv xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws ntau dua thaum cev xeeb tub. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lub plawv prosthetic ua rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawd ntau dua. Qee cov tshuaj thinning ntshav (anticoagulants) noj rau qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam raug mob. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj lub plawv prosthetic, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv ua ntej npaj yuav cev xeeb tub.
Cov kab mob plawv tshiab twg tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub?
Txawm tias koj tsis tau muaj kab mob plawv yav dhau los los xij, koj yuav muaj teeb meem plawv lossis cov hlab ntsha tshiab thaum cev xeeb tub. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.
| Mob nkeeg | Piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Ntshav siab (Tshuaj ntshav siab) | Nws cuam tshuam txog li 1 ntawm 10 tus poj niam cev xeeb tub. Muaj ntau hom: - Mob ntshav siab thaum cev xeeb tub: Ntshav siab uas pib tom qab 20 lub lis piam. - Preeclampsia: Ntshav siab, protein nyob rau hauv cov zis, lossis kev puas tsuaj rau lwm yam kabmob. Yog tias qhov no nrog rau qaug dab peg, nws hu ua Eclampsia . - Mob ntshav siab ntev:Ntshav siab uas twb muaj txij li ua ntej cev xeeb tub. |
| Kab mob ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub | Cov ntshav qab zib ntau uas tshwm sim tom qab 20 lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub. Yog tias tsis kho, cov teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau niam thiab tus menyuam. |
| Lub plawv dhia tsis zoo (Arrhythmias) | Kev mob plawv dhia tsis zoo. Feem ntau yog ib yam mob hu ua supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) . |
| Kev phais mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv (SCAD) | Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev uas txaus ntshai rau lub neej thaum phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas xa cov ntshav mus rau lub plawv tawg. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim hauv ib lub lim tiam tom qab yug me nyuam. |
| Kab mob plawv Peripartum | Ib hom mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm uas tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm cev xeeb tub lossis tom qab yug menyuam tsis ntev. Nws tshwm sim rau cov poj niam uas tsis tau muaj mob plawv yav dhau los. |
| Cov ntshav txhaws (DVT thiab Pulmonary Embolism) | Thaum cev xeeb tub, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) hauv cov leeg ntshav tob ntawm lub cev (feem ntau yog hauv ob txhais ceg). Yog tias cov ntshav txhaws no mus rau lub ntsws, nws hu ua (Pulmonary Embolism - PE) . Qhov no yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai heev. |
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob plawv?
Zoo li peb tau tham ua ntej lawm, qee cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob plawv zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob ntawm cev xeeb tub ib txwm muaj, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ob qho no.
| Cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub | Cov cim qhia tias yuav muaj mob plawv nres |
|---|---|
| - Qaug zog heev - Tso zis ntau zaus - Ua tsis taus pa me ntsis - O ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab pob luj taws (Edema) | - Ua pa nyuaj txawm tias thaum so - Ua pa nyuaj uas ua rau koj sawv thaum hmo ntuj - Lub plawv dhia ceev tshaj 30 vib nas this - Tsaus muag - Mob hauv siab los yog nruj - Pom kev tsis meej |
Tseem ceeb heev: Yog tias koj mob hauv siab lossis tsis xis nyob , tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej. Hu rau 911 tam sim ntawd lossis mus rau Chav Kho Mob Ceev (ETU) ntawm lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws. Kev ua sai sai thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no tuaj yeem cawm tau ib tus neeg txoj sia.
Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam tsos mob uas koj muaj. Yuav zoo heev yog tias koj sau tau cov no rau hauv ib phau ntawv.
- Cov tsos mob uas koj hnov.
- Hnub tim thiab sijhawm.
- Nws qhov hnyav (ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 1-10).
- Koj ua dab tsi thaum lub sijhawm ntawd (piv txwv li, ua si nawv, ua haujlwm hauv tsev, so kom txaus).
Yuav ua li cas tswj kab mob plawv thaum cev xeeb tub?
Kab mob plawv thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho mob kom zoo thiab kev saib xyuas tus kheej ntawm koj ib sab. Nov yog qee yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau:
- Tsis txhob ncua sijhawm mus ntsib kws kho mob: Koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob poj niam thiab kws kho mob plawv. Tsis txhob ncua sijhawm mus ntsib kws kho mob. Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tas li (echocardiograms) kom paub tseeb tias koj lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas.
- Tsis txhob nce phaus ntau dhau: Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog seb koj tuaj yeem nce phaus ntau npaum li cas thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Tsis txhob ntxhov siab: Nyob deb ntawm tej yam uas ua rau koj ntxhov siab ntau li ntau tau. Nrhiav txoj hauv kev los ua kom koj lub siab tus. Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob tso cai, tej yam xws li kev ua yoga ua ntej yug menyuam yuav pab tau.
- Noj zaub mov zoo rau lub plawv: Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov zaub mov uas yuav tsum noj thiab cov zaub mov uas yuav tsum tsis txhob noj. Feem ntau, txo cov ntsev, qab zib, cov rog saturated, thiab cov rog trans.
- Ua si nawv kom muaj kev nyab xeeb: Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov hom kev tawm dag zog uas zoo rau koj thiab koj yuav tsum ua ntau zaus npaum li cas. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua tej yam uas ua rau koj lub plawv ntxhov siab dhau.
Cov tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub
Kev noj koj cov tshuaj raws li tau qhia yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm koj txoj kev npaj tswj hwm. Qee cov tshuaj kho mob plawv tsis zoo thaum cev xeeb tub, yog li koj tus kws kho mob yuav hloov koj cov tshuaj.
Qee hom tshuaj uas tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum cev xeeb tub:
- (ACE inhibitors)
- (Cov tshuaj thaiv Angiotensin receptor - ARBs)
- (Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Aldosterone)
- Qee cov tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias, xws li Warfarin
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, tsis txhob tsum lossis pib noj tshuaj yam tsis tau nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Yog tias koj pom tias koj cev xeeb tub thaum noj ib yam tshuaj no, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Xav txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tom qab muaj menyuam thiab txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yav tom ntej.
Tej yam teeb meem yuav tshwm sim txog rau lub hlis tom qab tus menyuam yug los. Yog li ntawd, kev saib xyuas kws kho mob tseem ceeb heev txawm tias tom qab yug menyuam lawm los xij. Txawm tias koj tsis khoom lossis nkees heev thaum lub sijhawm no los xij, tsis txhob nco cov hnub uas koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Muaj kab mob plawv lossis lwm yam mob xws li preeclampsia lossis gestational diabetes thaum cev xeeb tub ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob plawv yav tom ntej.
- Ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv yav tom ntej nce 68%.
- Ntshav siab thaum cev xeeb tub ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv yav tom ntej los ntawm 67%.
- Preeclampsia ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag los ntawm kab mob plawv yav tom ntej los ntawm 75%.
Tsis txhob ntshai cov lej no. Xav txog lawv ua ib qho cim ceeb toom. Siv cov kev paub no los ua cov kauj ruam los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm kab mob plawv yav tom ntej. Yog tias koj tau muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob tom qab koj yug koj tus menyuam thiab mus kuaj mob plawv. Los ntawm kev hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, txuas ntxiv mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv, koj tuaj yeem noj qab nyob zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Yog tias koj muaj kab mob plawv thiab npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham tam sim no. Kawm txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab yuav ua li cas tswj koj tus mob thaum cev xeeb tub. Txawm tias koj tsis muaj kab mob plawv los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov teeb meem plawv uas tsis tau xav txog. Los ntawm kev tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob, txo koj cov yam txaus ntshai, thiab muaj kev xeeb tub nyab xeeb thiab noj qab nyob zoo, koj tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kab mob plawv.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cev xeeb tub yog lub sijhawm uas koj lub plawv raug kev nyuaj siab ntxiv. Qhov ntawd yog ib qho ib txwm muaj.
- Cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog thiab xeev siab uas feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub qee zaum tuaj yeem yog cov cim qhia txog kab mob plawv. Yuav tsum paub txog qhov no.
- Yog tias koj muaj kab mob plawv ua ntej lawm, ua ntej koj cev xeeb tubMus ntsib kws kho mob plawv thiab tau txais kev qhia.
- Kho mob hauv siab, tsis nco qab, thiab ua tsis taus pa txawm tias thaum so los xij raws li kev mob ceev . Mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Tsis txhob pib lossis tsum noj tshuaj yam tsis tau koj tus kws kho mob qhia.
- Txawm tias tom qab koj muaj menyuam lawm los xij, xav txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Tsis txhob ncua kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus