Thaum peb xav ua niam los yog txiv, peb lub siab xav tshaj plaws yog coj ib tug me nyuam noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj zog los rau hauv ntiaj teb no. Tab sis qee zaum, tsis tau xav txog, cov me nyuam yug los muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thaum yug los. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu qhov no ua "kev yug tsis zoo". Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj kev ntshai thiab txhawj xeeb thaum peb hnov lo lus no. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj. Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim ntau dua li peb xav. Cia peb tham txog qhov no kom meej thiab nrog kev thaj yeeb.
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov teeb meem thaum yug los no yog dab tsi?
Cov teeb meem yug los yog cov kev hloov pauv txawv txav uas tshwm sim hauv kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev ntawm tus menyuam thaum nws tseem nyob hauv plab, thaum lub sijhawm embryonic. Cov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov ntawm tus menyuam lub cev. Qee zaum cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom cov no thaum lub sijhawm scans thaum cev xeeb tub. Lwm tus tuaj yeem pom tom qab tus menyuam yug los. Qee qhov teeb meem yug los yuav tsis pom rau peb kom txog thaum tus menyuam loj me ntsis. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias tsis yog txhua qhov teeb meem yug los pom rau sab nraud.
Cov mob no muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam lub neej ntau yam. Qee qhov tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev hloov me me rau tus menyuam qhov tsos xwb, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txoj kev xav, kev txav mus los, thiab kev ua ub ua no txhua hnub.
Cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim thaum yug me nyuam yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau yam teeb meem uas pom muaj thoob plaws ntiaj teb thaum yug menyuam. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.
| Lub Npe Mob | Piav Qhia Yooj Yim |
|---|---|
| Cleft Di ncauj thiab/lossis Palate | Ib tug me nyuam daim di ncauj sab saud lossis lub qhov ncauj sab saud tsis sib txuas zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev phais yooj yim. |
| Cov Mob Plawv Thaum Yug Los | Ib tug me nyuam yug los muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub plawv. Qee qhov yog me me, thaum lwm tus yuav tsum tau kho. |
| Down Syndrome | Qhov no yog ib qho mob caj ces. Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev muaj ib daim qauv ntxiv ntawm chromosome 21 hauv lub cev. |
| ko taw sib koom | Ib tug me nyuam txhais taw lossis ob txhais taw khoov rau sab hauv. Kuj tseem muaj kev kho mob lub cev thiab lwm yam kev kho mob rau qhov no. |
| Kab mob ntshav liab Sickle Cell Anemia | Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus (anemia) yog ib yam mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Qhov no kuj yog ib yam dab tsi uas los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces (genes). |
Puas yog siv lo lus "Birth Defect" yog lawm?
Yog, qhov no yog ib lo lus uas siv tau raws li kev kho mob. Tsis muaj ib qho tsis zoo rau kev siv lo lus no los piav qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam lub cev. Tab sis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tas li.
Tsis txhob hu ib tug neeg uas muaj tus mob no ua "defective." Qhov txawv ntawm lawv lub cev tsis txhais tau tias lawv yog leej twg. Peb txhua tus yuav tsum hwm ib leeg.
Yog koj tsis xis nyob siv lo lus "congenital complication," koj kuj siv tau lo lus zoo li "congenital condition."
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov xwm txheej zoo li no yuav yog dab tsi?
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem thaum yug los muaj txij li me me mus rau hnyav heev.
| Cov hau kev los paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem thaum yug me nyuam | |
|---|---|
| Cov tsos mob uas pom tau thaum cev xeeb tub | |
| Los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav | Cov theem ntawm qee cov protein hauv cov ntshav ntawm leej niam qis dua lossis siab dua li qhov xav tau. |
| Kev kuaj mob ultrasound | Cov kua dej ntxiv sib sau ua ke tom qab tus menyuam hauv plab lub caj dab. |
| Kev kuaj lub plawv ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab | Muaj qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv, xws li lub plawv, hauv tus menyuam hauv plab. |
| Cov tsos mob uas pom tau tom qab tus menyuam yug los | |
| Lub plawv dhia | Lub plawv dhia tsis zoo li qub. |
| Ua pa | Ua pa nyuaj rau koj tus kheej. |
| Teb | Tsis teb thaum lawv hu lawv lub npe lossis thaum hnov suab nrov, tsis ua raws li qee yam nrog lawv lub qhov muag. |
| Mis haus | Nyuaj haus mis nyuj. |
| Qhov tsos | Muaj ib qho tsos tshwj xeeb, txawv txawv ntawm lub taub hau, lub ntsej muag, qhov muag, pob ntseg, lossis qhov ncauj. |
| Kev loj hlob | Tsis ua tiav cov theem kev loj hlob uas tsim nyog rau lub hnub nyoog (piv txwv li, tsis tig caj dab, tsis dov). |
Daim ntawv teev npe no tsis tiav. Yog tias koj pom muaj dab tsi txawv txawv lossis xav tsis thoob txog koj tus menyuam, nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob tham tam sim ntawd .
Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Dab tsi yog cov laj thawj rau qhov no?
Nov yog ib lo lus nug uas ua rau ntau tus niam txiv txhawj xeeb. Lawv xav tias, "Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim rau peb tus menyuam?" Qhov tseeb, nws nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas ib qho laj thawj xwb. Qee zaum, muaj ntau yam ua ke.
Tiamsis qhov peb yuav tsum paub yog tias 70% ntawm txhua yam teeb meem thaum yug los tsis muaj qhov ua rau pom tseeb . Feem ntau ntawm lawv tshwm sim yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tsis yog leej twg ua txhaum.
Muaj ntau pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no:
1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm noob caj noob ces
Hais yooj yim xwb, daim phiaj qhia txog seb peb lub cev yuav tsum loj hlob li cas yog muaj nyob rau hauv peb cov noob caj noob ces thiab cov chromosomes. Txhua yam kev hloov pauv rau daim phiaj no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug menyuam.
- Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov chromosomes: Ib qho piv txwv yog '(Down syndrome)'.
- Tus lej chromosomes txo qis: Ib qho piv txwv yog '(Turner syndrome)'.
- Ib feem ntawm cov chromosomes ploj lossis txuas rau lwm qhov chaw.
2. Qee cov tshuaj noj thaum cev xeeb tub
Qee cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab uas tseem tab tom loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, lossis twb cev xeeb tub lawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog cov tshuaj lossis cov vitamins uas koj noj. Tsis txhob tsum lossis pib noj cov tshuaj tshiab yam tsis tau nug koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej.
3. Kev raug tshuaj lom neeg lossis tshuaj yeeb
- Haus dej cawv
- Kev haus luam yeeb lossis lwm yam tshuaj yeeb
- Kev raug rau qee yam tshuaj tua kab lossis tshuaj ntsuab
4. Lwm yam teeb meem thaum cev xeeb tub
Qee zaum, kev kis kab mob rau hauv leej niam (piv txwv li, Toxoplasmosis, Cytomegalovirus), lossis cov kua dej hauv tsev menyuam txo qis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam.
Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas?
Muaj peev xwm kuaj pom tias muaj teeb meem thaum yug menyuam thaum cev xeeb tub, tom qab yug menyuam tas, lossis tom qab ntawd. Muaj ntau yam kev kuaj mob siv rau qhov no.
- Thaum cev xeeb tub: Thawj yam koj yuav ua yog kev soj ntsuam thiab kev kuaj ntshav. Cov no hu ua 'kev kuaj xyuas'. Yog tias cov no qhia tau tias muaj kev pheej hmoo, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom ua lwm yam kev kuaj mob los lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob. Piv txwv li, tej yam xws li "Amniocentesis" (kev kuaj cov kua dej hauv plab) lossis "Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)" (kev kuaj ib daim me me ntawm lub placenta).
- Tom qab tus me nyuam yug los: Yog tias tus kws kho mob kuaj tus me nyuam thiab pom muaj qhov txawv txav, nws yuav ua lwm yam kev kuaj mob (piv txwv li kev kuaj ntshav, kev kuaj echo, thiab X-ray) los xyuas kom meej tias tus me nyuam tau kuaj mob.
Koj ua dab tsi li kev kho mob?
Cov kev xaiv kho mob nyob ntawm seb tus menyuam muaj teeb meem dab tsi thaum yug los thiab hnyav npaum li cas. Kev kho mob tsis zoo ib yam rau txhua yam mob.
Cov kev kho mob uas siv ntau yog:
- Kev phais:Yuav phais kom kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev (piv txwv li, qhov ncauj tawg, qhov hauv plawv).
- Tshuaj: Tshuaj muab rau tswj cov tsos mob lossis tswj tus mob.
- Kev Kho Mob Lub Cev: Pab kom tus menyuam cov leeg nqaij muaj zog thiab txhim kho kev txav mus los.
- Cov khoom siv pab: Cov khoom pab hnov lus rau cov teeb meem hnov lus, lub rooj zaum muaj log rau cov teeb meem taug kev.
- Kev Txhawb Nqa Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb: Muab kev txhawb nqa hauv tsev kawm ntawv uas tsim los rau tus menyuam txoj kev kawm.
Nco ntsoov tias, tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas yuav kho tau ntau yam teeb meem thaum yug los. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob thiab kev tswj hwm kom zoo yuav pab tau tus menyuam kom muaj lub neej zoo thiab txaus siab.
Puas muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem thaum yug menyuam?
Qhov no kuj yog ib lo lus nug tseem ceeb heev. Qhov tseeb tiag, feem ntau cov teeb meem thaum yug me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau , vim peb tsis paub meej tias yog dab tsi ua rau lawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev xeeb tub kom noj qab nyob zoo tuaj yeem txo qee qhov kev pheej hmoo.
- Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua.
- Yog koj npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, noj cov vitamin uas muaj 400 mcg ntawm folic acid txhua hnub.
- Mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau thaum koj xav tias koj cev xeeb tub.
- Tsis txhob haus dej cawv thiab luam yeeb kiag li.
- Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj lossis cov tshuaj ntxiv uas koj noj.
Thaum twg yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd (thaum twg yuav tsum mus rau ETU)
Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no, coj nws mus rau Chav Kho Mob Ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd.
- Ua pa nyuaj
- Tawv nqaij hloov xiav, daj ntseg, lossis grey
- Daj ntawm cov dawb ntawm lub qhov muag lossis daim tawv nqaij
- Lub plawv dhia ceev lossis qeeb tsis zoo li qub
- Nyuaj siab tsa tus me nyuam sawv
- Kev tsis kam haus mis nyuj kiag li
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov teeb meem thaum yug me nyuam muaj ntau dua li peb xav. Feem ntau, lawv tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hmoo, yog li nws tsis yog niam txiv lub txim.
- Qee qhov kev pheej hmoo tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev ua neej noj qab haus huv (noj folic acid, tsis txhob haus cawv) thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog cov tshuaj uas koj noj ua ntej thiab thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Thaum paub tus kab mob thaum ntxov thiab pib kho thiab tswj kom zoo, tus menyuam yuav muaj lub neej zoo.
- Txawm tias ib tug me nyuam muaj teeb meem thaum yug los los xij, koj txoj kev hlub, kev saib xyuas, thiab kev txhawb nqa yog cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws uas ib tug me nyuam tuaj yeem tau txais.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus