Cia peb kawm ntxiv txog kev lom zaub mov! Nyeem ntxiv yam tsis ntshai!

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib yam dab tsi uas ntau tus neeg tau ntsib, tab sis tsis paub tag nrho txog. Qhov ntawd yog kev lom zaub mov, lossis raws li peb hais hauv lus Askiv, "(Kev lom zaub mov)". Qee zaum, koj cia li muaj teeb meem plab, ntuav, thiab nws nyuaj heev, puas yog? Yog li, qhov kev lom zaub mov no yog dab tsi tiag? Cia peb saib.

Kev lom zaub mov yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, kev lom zaub mov yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov uas peb noj. Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem yog cov kab mob me me, qee zaum yog cov kab mob virus, lossis lwm yam kab mob me me. Peb tsis tuaj yeem pom lawv, tsis hnov ​​​​tsw lawv, lossis saj lawv (tsawg kawg tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub tshuab microscope). Tab sis, txawm tias lawv me me, lawv tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau peb lub cev.

Thaum cov kab mob uas ua rau zaub mov puas tsuaj nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, lawv tuaj yeem tso cov tshuaj lom tawm. Cov tshuaj lom no yog qhov ua rau lub npe 'zaub mov puas tsuaj'. Cov tshuaj lom no yog cov ua rau raws plab (ntuav) thiab ntuav .

Cov kws kho mob feem ntau hu ua 'kev lom zaub mov' ua ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim sai tom qab noj cov zaub mov uas muaj kuab lom. Feem ntau, raws plab lossis ntuav pib tshwm sim hauv ob peb teev tom qab noj cov zaub mov. Tab sis qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias kev lom zaub mov feem ntau ploj mus sai. Cov neeg feem coob zoo rov qab los hauv ob mus rau peb hnub yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntev.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum mob hnyav heev, kev lom zaub mov yuav xav kom koj mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis mus rau tsev kho mob. Qhov no yog vim lub cev qhuav dej . Qhov no txhais tau tias lub cev poob dej. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm kev lom zaub mov.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom zaub mov yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom zaub mov nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob ua rau nws. Ib txhia neeg yuav pib mob hauv ib teev lossis ob teev tom qab noj zaub mov lossis dej haus uas muaj kab mob. Lwm lub sijhawm, cov tsos mob yuav siv sijhawm ntau lub lis piam thiaj li tshwm sim. Tab sis feem ntau, cov tsos mob no yuav ploj mus hauv 1 txog 10 hnub.

Cov no yog cov cim qhia tias koj tus menyuam yuav muaj kev tsis haum zaub mov:

• Xeev siab (zoo li ntuav)
• Mob plab thiab xav tias lub plab tig
• Ntuav
• Mob plab (mob plab)
• Ua npaws
• Mob taub hau thiab mob lub cev

Tsis tshua muaj neeg yuav kiv taub hau, pom kev tsis meej, lossis tes loog vim yog lom los ntawm zaub mov. Hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj, qhov kev xav tias tsis muaj zog uas nrog lom los ntawm zaub mov yuav ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua pa .

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau cov khoom noj puas tsuaj?

Kev lom zaub mov tshwm sim thaum koj noj lossis haus cov zaub mov uas muaj cov kab mob sib kis. Feem ntau, kev lom zaub mov tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom tsiaj - uas yog , nqaij, nqaij qaib, qe, khoom noj mis nyuj, thiab cov khoom noj hiav txwv . Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab lwm yam zaub mov nyoos tsis tau ntxuav kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lom zaub mov.Nws tuaj yeem ua rau qias neeg thiab ua rau tib neeg mob. Txawm tias dej kuj tuaj yeem ua rau zaub mov puas tsuaj, koj puas paub?

Muaj ntau txoj kev sib txawv uas cov khoom noj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab paug. Cov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum npaj, khaws cia, thiab siv cov khoom noj. Xav txog nws li no:

• Cov dej siv los cog zaub mov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab paug nrog cov quav tsiaj lossis cov quav tib neeg.
• Nqaij lossis nqaij qaib tuaj yeem kov cov kab mob thaum lub sijhawm npaj lossis thauj mus los.
• Cov kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom noj yog tias khaws cia rau qhov kub tsis raug lossis yog tias khaws cia ntev dhau lawm .
• Cov khoom noj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab paug yog tias cov neeg ua noj lossis kov cov khoom noj tsis ntxuav lawv txhais tes kom huv si, lossis yog tias lawv siv cov tais diav lossis cov laug txiav uas qias neeg.

Cov neeg uas muaj tej yam mob (xws li mob raum ntev) lossis cov neeg uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog yuav muaj feem mob los ntawm kev lom zaub mov ntau dua li cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo.

Cov kab mob tseem ceeb uas ua rau zaub mov puas yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom kab mob uas feem ntau ua rau zaub mov puas tsuaj, cia peb kawm me ntsis txog lawv:

• Salmonella: Cov kab mob no yog tus ua rau muaj kev lom zaub mov thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kab mob no feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov quav tsiaj. Cov khoom noj mis nyuj, nqaij tsis tau siav, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub nyoos uas tsis tau ntxuav kom huv si yog cov ua rau muaj kev lom salmonella.
• E. coli (Escherichia coli): Cov kab mob no feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov lossis dej los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov quav tsiaj. Kev noj nqaij nyuj tsis tau siav yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob E. coli.
• Listeria: Cov kab mob no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj mis nyuj uas tsis tau muab tua kab mob, cov khoom noj hiav txwv uas haus luam yeeb, thiab cov nqaij ua tiav xws li cov hot dogs thiab cov nqaij noj su . Cov kab mob Listeria kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub muaj kuab paug, tab sis qhov no tshwm sim tsawg dua.
• Campylobacter: Cov kab mob no feem ntau ua rau nqaij, nqaij qaib, thiab mis nyuj tsis tau muab tua kab mob . Campylobacter kuj tseem ua rau dej qias neeg. Ib yam li lwm cov kab mob, nws feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov quav tsiaj uas muaj kab mob.
• Staphylococcus aureus: Cov kab mob no (pom muaj nyob rau ntawm nqaij, zaub xam lav uas tau ua tiav lawm, thiab cov khoom noj uas ua los ntawm cov khoom noj mis nyuj uas tsis tau tua kab mob) kis tau los ntawm kev kov tes, txham, lossis hnoos. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov neeg uas npaj thiab kov cov khoom noj tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob.
• Shigella: Cov kab mob Shigella tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom noj hauv dej hiav txwv, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyoos, thiab zaub . Cov kab mob no feem ntau kis tau los ntawm cov neeg uas npaj lossis kov cov zaub mov lossis cov neeg uas tsis ntxuav lawv txhais tes kom huv si tom qab siv chav dej. Qee zaum, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav hauv cov quav.
• Kab mob siab A: Tus kab mob no feem ntau kis mus rau tib neeg los ntawm kev noj cov ntses shellfish nyoos lossis cov khoom noj uas tus neeg mob tau kov . Nws nyuaj rau txiav txim siab qhov twg nws kis tau, vim tias cov tsos mob yuav tsis tshwm sim li 15 txog 50 hnub tom qab kis tau.
• Norovirus: Cov kab mob Norovirus kis tau yooj yim ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw muaj neeg coob coob xws li cov chaw zov menyuam thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv.

Qee cov kab mob no, xws li Listeria thiab E. coli, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau lub plawv, lub raum, thiab los ntshav , yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no.

Lub sijhawm twg zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob?

Feem ntau cov kev lom zaub mov tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho mob, tab sis qee qhov xav tau. Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws nrog kev lom zaub mov yog lub cev qhuav dej . Ib tug menyuam noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsis tshua muaj lub cev qhuav dej yog tias nws haus dej txaus los hloov cov kua dej uas nws poob los ntawm kev ntuav lossis raws plab.

Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum nrog kws kho mob tham yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no:

• Yog koj ntuav tas li ntau tshaj 12 teev
• Yog tias koj raws plab nrog rau kub taub hau tshaj 101°F (38.3°C)
• Yog tias koj mob plab heev uas tsis ploj mus txawm tias tom qab koj tso quav tas lawm los xij
• Yog tias koj muaj cov quav ntshav (raws plab lossis cov quav ib txwm) lossis yog tias koj ntuav ntshav
• Yog tias koj cov quav dub los yog xim av tsaus (qhov no yuav yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev los ntshav sab hauv)
• Tsis ua li cas yog tias koj lub plawv dhia ceev, tab sis yog tias nws zoo li koj lub hauv siab dhia ceev,

Koj yuav tsum paub txog cov cim qhia tias koj lub cev qhuav dej. Tej zaum yuav muaj xws li:

• Nqhis heev
• Yog tias koj tso zis tsawg heev los yog tsis tso zis li (yog tias koj tsis tau tso zis li 6-8 teev, qhov no yog qhov teeb meem loj heev)
• kiv taub hau
• Yog koj ob lub qhov muag zoo li poob qis
• Hnov ​​​​mob taub hau los yog lightheaded

Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg nyuam qhuav mus ncig teb chaws txawv teb chaws thiab koj tus menyuam pib raws plab lossis lwm yam teeb meem plab , hu rau koj tus kws kho mob .

Kev lom zaub mov (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub cev qhuav dej) tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog lossis lwm yam kab mob hnyav dua. Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob (xws li teeb meem raum lossis kab mob ntshav qab zib), hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub kuj yuav tsum qhia rau lawv tus kws kho mob yog tias lawv muaj kev lom zaub mov, vim tias qee cov kab mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab.

Koj yuav txiav txim siab li cas kom meej tias yam khoom noj uas muaj cov tshuaj dab tsi?

Tus kws kho mob yuav nug txog tej yam xws li koj tus menyuam noj dab tsi tsis ntev los no thiab thaum twg cov tsos mob pib . Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj tus menyuam thiab tej zaum yuav coj cov ntshav, quav, lossis zis mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tus kws kho mob nrhiav qhov ua rau muaj mob.

Koj kho cov khoom noj lom li cas?

Feem ntau, kev lom zaub mov yuav ploj mus nws tus kheej hauv ob peb hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj tua kab mob rau kev lom zaub mov hnyav uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob. Ib tug menyuam yaus uas lub cev qhuav dej heev yuav tsum tau kho hauv tsev kho mob nrog cov kua dej IV .

Cov kev kho mob twg ua tau hauv tsev?

Feem ntau kev lom zaub mov yuav ploj mus li ob peb hnub xwb. Lub sijhawm no, ntawm no yog qee yam uas koj ua tau los pab koj tus menyuam kom zoo siab dua:

• So kom txaus. Tsis txhob ua kom koj lub cev qaug zog dhau yuav pab kom nws zoo sai dua.
• Muab dej rau lawv haus kom tsis txhob qhuav dej. Cov kua electrolyte xws li Jeevani zoo, tab sis koj tuaj yeem muab lwm yam uas tsis yog mis nyuj lossis dej haus uas muaj caffeine (xws li tshuaj yej lossis kas fes), xws li dej dawb, porridge, lossis kua zaub.
• Muab dej rau lawv haus me me, tsis tu ncua. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau kev khaws cov kua dej thiab txo qhov ntuav.
• Tsis txhob muab khoom noj khov thiab mis nyuj rau kom txog thaum tsis raws plab lawm.

Nco ntsoov qhov no: Tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws plab uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv qhia los ntawm kws kho mob. Cov no tuaj yeem ncua kev tshem tawm cov kab mob uas los ntawm zaub mov, ua rau cov tsos mob kav ntev dua.

Tom qab koj tsis raws plab thiab ntuav lawm, muab koj tus menyuam noj me me, tsis muaj roj ntau (piv txwv li, mov nplej zom, zaub ncu, kua zaub) rau ob peb hnub . Qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob plab ntxiv.

Yog tias cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus lossis koj pom cov cim qhia tias lub cev qhuav dej, hu rau kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Peb yuav tsum ua li cas thiaj li tsis txhob muaj teeb meem nrog zaub mov?

Lawv hais tias, "Kev tiv thaiv zoo dua li kev kho mob." Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia no los tiv thaiv koj tsev neeg kom tsis txhob raug lom los ntawm zaub mov:

• Qhia txhua tus neeg hauv tsev neeg kom ntxuav lawv txhais tes kom zoo thiab nquag . Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab siv chav dej, ua ntej kov zaub mov, thiab tom qab kov zaub mov nyoos (nqaij, ntses). Siv xab npum thiab dej kub thiab txhuam tsawg kawg 15-20 vib nas this.
• Ntxuav tag nrho cov khoom siv, cov laug txiav, thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm uas siv rau kev npaj zaub mov kom huv si nrog dej kub thiab xab npum .
• Tsis txhob muab mis nyuj uas tsis tau muab tua kab mob los yog cov khoom noj uas ua los ntawm nws.
• Ntxuav tag nrho cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyoos uas tsis tuaj yeem tev tau (piv txwv li txiv hmab, txiv tsawb) kom huv si hauv qab dej ntws.
• Khaws cov khoom noj nyoos (tshwj xeeb yog nqaij, nqaij qaib, thiab cov khoom noj hauv dej hiav txwv) cais tawm ntawm lwm cov khoom noj kom txog thaum lawv npaj txhij ua noj. Tsis txhob siv tib lub rooj txiav rau nqaij nyoos thiab zaub xam lav.
• Siv cov khoom noj uas yoo lwj lossis cov khoom noj uas muaj hnub tas sij hawm sai li sai tau.
• Ua kom cov khoom tsiaj siav kom txog thaum kub txaus. Siv lub ntsuas kub nqaij yog tias muaj.
• Rau cov nqaij nyuj thiab nqaij npuas av, qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tsawg kawg yog 160°F (71°C).
• Rau cov nqaij uas tuab tuab (xws li nqaij nyuj, nqaij yaj), qhov kub uas muaj kev nyab xeeb yog 145°F (63°C).
• Nqaij qaib thiab qaib ntxhw (ua av thiab tag nrho), kom tsawg kawg yog 165°F (74°C).
• Ua noj cov qe qaib kom txog thaum cov qe daj khov kho .
• Feem ntau cov ntses noj tau zoo thaum nws kub txog 145°F (63°C).
• Khaws cov khoom seem tseg rau hauv lub tub yees hauv 2 teev (1 teev yog tias huab cua kub). Yog tias ua tau, khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv kaw.
• Thaum yaj cov khoom noj, yaj rau hauv lub tub yees, lub tshuab ua kom sov (microwave), lossis hauv dej txias. Tsis txhob yaj cov khoom noj thaum sov li chav tsev.
• Yog tias cov khoom noj twb tas sij hawm lawm, muaj xim, saj, lossis ntxhiab txawv txawv, muab pov tseg. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej, tsis txhob noj!
• Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub, tsis txhob noj nqaij nyoos lossis nqaij tsis tau siav, nqaij ntses, nqaij ntses haus luam yeeb, qe nyoos thiab cov khoom noj uas muaj qe nyoos (xws li mayonnaise ua hauv tsev), cheese mos, mis tsis tau pasteurized thiab dej txiv hmab txiv ntoo, patés, zaub xam lav yuav hauv khw, nqaij noj su, thiab hot dogs .
• Tsis txhob haus dej ntawm cov kwj deg lossis cov qhov dej uas tsis huv.

Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj kev tsis haum zaub mov, hu rau koj lub chaw haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv zos. Lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau qhov ua rau thiab tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob uas yuav cuam tshuam rau lwm tus.

Yog li ntawd, tej yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm zaj dab neeg no yog dab tsi?

Kev lom zaub mov tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua tus, tab sis nrog kev ceev faj me ntsis, peb tuaj yeem zam nws. Kev npaj zaub mov kom huv si, ua noj kom zoo, thiab ntxuav peb txhais tes kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Yog tias ib tug menyuam mob plab, ntuav, lossis raws plab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum khaws lawv cov dej kom txaus. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias muab dej rau lawv ntau. Yog tias tus mob zoo li hnyav, yog tias lawv kub taub hau, lossis yog tias lawv qhia tias lub cev qhuav dej, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tsis muaj dab tsi yuav txhawj txog, feem ntau nws yuav zoo dua hauv ob peb hnub. Tab sis, kev paub yog qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws! Nyob zoo, txhua tus!

` Kev lom zaub mov, kev lom zaub mov, raws plab, ntuav, qhuav dej, cov kab mob, kev nyab xeeb zaub mov