Puas muaj ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg, tej zaum koj txiv, niam, lossis ib tug neeg uas koj paub, raug mob los ntawm tus kab mob Parkinson? Tej zaum koj yuav tau tu siab heev thaum pom lawv txhais tes tshee hnyo, lawv nyuaj rau taug kev, lawv lub cev tawv, thiab lawv lub ntsej muag tsis muaj zog. Nws tsis yooj yim rau kev nyob nrog tus kab mob no. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias nrog kev tshawb fawb kho mob niaj hnub no, nrog cov tshuaj zoo, koj tuaj yeem tswj cov tsos mob no tau zoo heev thiab ua neej zoo. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham yooj yim thiab zoo txog cov tshuaj uas tau muab rau tus kab mob Parkinson.
Ua ntej, cia peb saib, Parkinson's yog dab tsi tiag?
Cia peb nkag siab qhov no yooj yim heev. Parkinson's yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog peb lub paj hlwb. Tshwj xeeb, peb lub hlwb. Nws yog ib qho mob uas maj mam zuj zus tuaj raws sijhawm . Muaj ib cheeb tsam ntawm peb lub hlwb hu ua 'substantia nigra' uas tswj kev txav mus los. Cov hlwb paj hlwb hauv thaj chaw no raug puas tsuaj thiab maj mam tuag.
Cov hlwb no tsim cov tshuaj xa xov tseem ceeb heev, uas yog 'neurotransmitter', rau peb lub cev. Nws lub npe yog dopamine . Cov dopamine no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb lub cev txoj kev txav mus los kom du thiab tswj tau. Yog li thaum cov hlwb no raug rhuav tshem, qib ntawm dopamine hauv lub hlwb txo qis. Yog vim li cas cov tsos mob xws li tshee hnyo, nyuaj taug kev, thiab mob nqaij tawv tshwm sim hauv tus kab mob Parkinson.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj uas muab rau tus kab mob Parkinson tswj tau cov tsos mob no. Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev kho rau tus kab mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj no pab tau ntau yam hauv kev tswj cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo.
Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb rau tus kab mob Parkinson
Thaum kho tus kab mob Parkinson, cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv ntau yam tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke, es tsis yog siv ib yam tshuaj xwb. Cov no sib txawv nyob ntawm tus neeg cov tsos mob, hnub nyoog, thiab theem ntawm tus kab mob. Cia peb saib cov hom tshuaj tseem ceeb.
1. Levodopa thiab Carbidopa
Qhov no yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws rau tus kab mob Parkinson. Nws kuj tseem hu ua tus qauv kub.
- Levodopa: Thaum cov tshuaj no nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, nws nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb thiab hloov mus ua dopamine. Uas yog, cov tshuaj no rov qab kho qhov ntau ntawm dopamine uas tau poob qis hauv lub hlwb.
- Carbidopa: Tiam sis muaj teeb meem. Yog tias peb noj levodopa ib leeg xwb, feem ntau ntawm nws yuav raug rhuav tshem los ntawm cov enzymes hauv peb lub cev ua ntej nws mus txog lub hlwb. Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov no, cov tshuaj hu ua carbidopa raug muab ua ke nrog levodopa. Carbidopa tso cai rau ntau dua ntawm levodopa mus txog lub hlwb kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, carbidopa pab txo cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev noj levodopa ib leeg xwb, xws li xeev siab thiab ntuav.
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke no feem ntau ua haujlwm zoo heev rau cov tsos mob ntawm bradykinesia, mob nqaij tawv, thiab tshee hnyo.
| Hom tshuaj | Cov Npe Hom Lag Luam Hauv Sri Lanka |
|---|---|
| Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Levodopa thiab Carbidopa | Sinemet®, Rytary®, Parcopa®, Dhivy® |
2. Cov tshuaj dopamine agonists
Cov tshuaj no zoo li ib tug neeg ua yeeb yam. Qhov ntawd yog, nws tsis yog dopamine tiag tiag. Tab sis nws mus rau lub hlwb thiab ua haujlwm zoo li dopamine. Nws ua rau cov dopamine receptors hauv lub hlwb ua haujlwm, ua rau lub hlwb xav tias dopamine nyob ntawd.
Cov tshuaj no feem ntau yog muab rau cov neeg mob thaum pib mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob hluas. Qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem pab ua kom levodopa ua haujlwm tau ntev dua.
- Pramipexole (Mirapex®)
- Ropinirole (Requip®)
- Rotigotine (Neupro®)
3. Cov Tshuaj Enzyme Inhibitors
Tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj hnov lub npe no. Nws yooj yim heev. Peb tau hais ua ntej lawm tias muaj cov enzymes hauv peb lub cev uas rhuav tshem dopamine. Cov tshuaj no ua yog nres cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes ntawd. Tom qab ntawd cov dopamine hauv lub hlwb tsis raug rhuav tshem ntev.
Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov no:
- Cov Tshuaj MAO-B Inhibitors: Cov no thaiv qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm 'MAO-B', ib qho enzyme tseem ceeb uas rhuav tshem dopamine hauv lub hlwb. Piv txwv li: 'Selegiline', 'Rasagiline'.
- Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv COMT: Cov no tiv thaiv cov enzyme 'COMT' uas rhuav cov dopamine, uas yog tsim los ntawm levodopa. Vim li no, cov nyhuv ntawm levodopa kav ntev dua. Piv txwv li: 'Entacapone', 'Opicapone'.
4. Amantadine
Qee cov neeg mob uas noj tshuaj xws li levodopa ntev heev yuav muaj kev txav tsis tau, txav tsis tau (dyskinesia). Amantadine feem ntau yog siv los kho cov mob no. Qhov xav tsis thoob yog, nws tau tsim thawj zaug ua tshuaj tua kab mob. Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws tau pom tias kuj pab nrog Parkinson cov tsos mob.
5. Cov Tshuaj Anticholinergic
Cov tshuaj no feem ntau pab nrog kev co thiab kev tawv nqaij.Kev Tswj. Thaum dopamine hauv peb lub hlwb txo qis, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam 'neurotransmitter' hu ua acetylcholine nce ntxiv. Cov tshuaj no thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm acetylcholine ntawd. Piv txwv li: 'Benztropine', 'Trihexyphenidyl'.
Cov tshuaj rau lwm cov tsos mob uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev txav mus los
Kab mob Parkinson tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau kev txav mus los xwb. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj lwm yam teeb meem, xws li cem quav, teeb meem pw tsaug zog, kev nyuaj siab, thiab kev ua tsis taus kev sib deev. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau tshuaj rau txhua yam no.
| Cov tsos mob | Cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem muab tshuaj rau |
|---|---|
| Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev | Cov tshuaj xws li Sildenafil (Viagra®) |
| Pw tsaug zog ntau dhau thaum nruab hnub (Hypersomnia) | Modafinil (Provigil®) |
| Kab mob cem quav | Cov tshuaj ua kom quav mos, xws li polyethylene glycol (MiraLax®) |
| Kev qaug zog | Methylphenidate (Ritalin®) |
| Kev puas hlwb | Cov tshuaj cholinesterase inhibitors |
| Kev Nyuaj Siab/Kev Ntxhov Siab | Cov Tshuaj SSRIs (Cov Tshuaj Xaiv Serotonin Rov Qab Los) |
| Kev puas siab puas ntsws/Kev pom tsis tseeb | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws xws li pimavanserin |
Cia peb kawm txog cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, cov tshuaj Parkinson tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog cov no ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus neeg tau txais cov kev mob tshwm sim no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov ntawm cov no ploj mus thaum cov tshuaj txuas ntxiv siv.
| Hom tshuaj | Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau |
|---|---|
| Levodopa | Xeev siab, ntuav, kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, tsaug zog thaum nruab hnub, tsis muaj zog sawv ntsug. Cov neeg laus yuav muaj kev tsis meej pem thiab pom kev tsis tseeb. |
| Cov tshuaj dopamine agonists | Pom tej yam tsis meej pem, tsis meej pem hauv siab, tsaug zog tsis taus, xeev siab, qhov ncauj qhuav, kiv taub hau. Tej yam no yuav tshwm sim ntau zaus dua rau ob peb hnub thawj zaug ntawm kev pib noj tshuaj thiab tom qab ntawd txo qis. |
| Cov Tshuaj Enzyme Inhibitors | (COMT inhibitors): raws plab, kev txav mus los tsis tswj tau (dyskinesia). (MAO-B inhibitors): Mob hauv siab, xeev siab, qhov ncauj qhuav, kiv taub hau. |
| Amantadine | Nyuaj siab tsom ntsoov, tsis meej pem hauv siab, pw tsis tsaug zog, npau suav phem, thiab ob txhais ceg o. |
| Cov tshuaj Anticholinergics | Qhov ncauj qhuav, pom kev tsis meej, tsaug zog tsis taus, cem quav, tso zis nyuaj, teeb meem nco qab. |
Tseem ceeb heev: Tsis txhob tsum noj Levodopa lossis txo qhov koob tshuaj sai sai yam tsis tau koj tus kws kho mob qhia rau txhua qhov laj thawj. Ua li ntawd yuav ua rau muaj mob hnyav, txaus ntshai rau lub neej hu ua 'parkinsonism hyperpyrexia syndrome'.
Tshuaj puas tsis txaus? Yuav ua li cas ntxiv?
Kev siv tshuaj tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua xwb. Yog tias koj ua ob peb yam ntxiv nrog rau kev siv tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem tswj tau koj cov tsos mob zoo dua thiab nyob kaj siab lug.
Kev Kho Mob Lub Cev
Qhov no yeej yog ib yam uas yuav tsum tau ua. Muaj cov kev pab cuam kho lub cev tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob Parkinson. Cov no yuav pab koj,
- Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub cev qhov sib npaug thiab kev taug kev.
- Nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev ruaj khov dua.
- Nws pab tau ntau yam kom ua neej nquag.
Kev tawm dag zog
Kev tawm dag zog yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tswj tus kab mob Parkinson. Kev tawm dag zog yog tib yam uas tau ua pov thawj los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tias ua rau tus kab mob qeeb zuj zus. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom muaj kev tawm dag zog rau lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha tsawg kawg 150 feeb hauv ib lub lim tiam. Tej yam xws li caij tsheb kauj vab, ntaus nrig, thiab kev tawm dag zog nrog suab paj nruag yog qhov pab tau heev.
Kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb
Thaum koj nyob nrog tus kab mob Parkinson's ntev, koj yuav muaj kev nyuaj siab, ntxhov siab, thiab ntxhov siab. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj tsis txhob txaj muag thiab nrhiav kev pab los ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb, xws li tus kws kho mob hlwb .
Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob dua thaum twg?
Thaum siv tshuaj Parkinson, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom paub seb cov tshuaj puas ua haujlwm thiab seb puas muaj cov tsos mob tshiab tshwm sim. Nco ntsoov mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov xwm txheej no.
- Yog tias koj ntsib cov kev mob tshwm sim uas koj tsis tuaj yeem zam tau .
- Yog tias koj cov tsos mob tsis zoo dua lossis hnyav zuj zus .
- Yog koj xav tso tseg koj cov tshuaj . (Tsis txhob txiav txim siab ua qhov no ib leeg xwb!)
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj kho tus kab mob Parkinson tsis tuaj yeem kho tus kab mob kom zoo tag nrho, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tswj cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo.
- Levodopa yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no.
- Ib yam li txhua yam tshuaj, tej yam kev mob tshwm sim kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tau. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog tej yam no.
- Tsis txhob tsum noj tshuaj lossis hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas yam tsis tau koj tus kws kho mob qhia rau txhua qhov laj thawj. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
- Ntxiv rau kev siv tshuaj, kev kho lub cev thiab kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj tus kab mob.
- Saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb thaum lub sijhawm no. Nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yog tias tsim nyog.
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Ntxiv koj cov lus