Koj puas muaj mob uas ua rau koj xav tias muaj tej yam txawv txawv thiab tsis nco qab lawm? Qhov no yog hais txog Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE)

Koj puas tau muaj ib qho kev xav txawv txawv hauv koj lub siab yam tsis muaj laj thawj? Zoo li kev xav ntawm déjà vu, lossis kev xav txawv txawv hauv koj lub plab. Tej zaum koj tsis paub txog qhov xwm txheej nyob ib puag ncig koj ib pliag. Txawm hais tias ntau tus neeg xav tias cov no yog qhov ib txwm muaj, qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv me me hauv lub hlwb ua haujlwm. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho mob zoo li no, uas yog Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE).

Hais yooj yim xwb, mob qaug dab peg Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) yog dab tsi?

Kab mob qaug dab peg Temporal Lobe (TLE) yog ib hom qaug dab peg uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob tsis zoo hauv ib feem ntawm peb lub hlwb hu ua 'Temporal Lobe'. Zoo, tam sim no koj yuav xav paub tias 'Temporal Lobe' no yog dab tsi.

Ob lub hlwb no nyob rau ob sab ntawm peb lub hlwb, nyob tom qab lub puab tsaig thiab me ntsis nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm pob ntseg. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau peb lub neej txhua hnub.

• Kev Nco: Qhov no yog qhov pab peb nco qab thiab rov qab nco txog tej yam uas peb kawm, peb cov kev nco qub.
• Suab: Pab peb nkag siab txog yam peb hnov.
• Lub Zeem Muag: Pab peb txheeb xyuas qhov peb pom.
• Kev Hais Lus thiab Lus: Ntu no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog yam peb hais thiab yam uas lwm tus hais.

Ntxiv rau cov no, nws kuj tswj ntau yam uas tsis tau tswj hwm los ntawm lub siab xav, xws li kev tshaib kev nqhis, kev nqhis dej, kev teb rov qab los yog khiav, peb txoj kev xav, thiab kev xav txog kev sib deev.

Yog li, TLE yog qhov qaug dab peg uas tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb no. Qhov no yog hom qaug dab peg feem ntau hauv cov neeg laus, uas pib hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hlwb (focal epilepsy). Tsis txhob txhawj, tus mob no tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo.

Puas muaj teeb meem seb koj nyob rau sab laug lossis sab xis ntawm lub hlwb?

Yog, cov tsos mob thiab cov teebmeem mus sij hawm ntev yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb qhov teeb meem pib hauv lub hlwb sab laug lossis sab xis ntawm lub hlwb.

• Kab mob qaug dab peg sab laug Temporal Lobe: Rau ntau tus neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg sab xis, sab laug yog sab tseem ceeb ntawm lub hlwb uas koom nrog kev hais lus thiab kev hais lus. Yog li, cov neeg uas muaj TLE sab laug yuav ntsib teeb meem dhau sijhawm, xws li nyuaj nco qab cov npe ntawm cov khoom, nyuaj nrhiav cov lus zoo los hais, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm kev xav.
• Kab mob qaug dab peg sab xis ntawm lub hlwb sab xis: Cov neeg uas muaj kab mob qaug dab peg sab xis ntawm lub hlwb sab xis tsis muaj teeb meem ntau nrog kev hais lus. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav muaj teeb meem nco qab cov cim qhia uas tsis yog hais lus (xws li lub ntsej muag thiab txoj kev). Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lawv txoj kev xav.

Puas muaj hom TLE?

Yog, muaj ob hom TLE tseem ceeb, nyob ntawm qhov chaw tseeb uas qhov haum pib.

1. Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (MTLE): "Mesial" txhais tau tias "nruab nrab." Hauv hom mob qaug dab peg no, qhov qaug dab peg pib hauv lossis ze ntawm hippocampus, ib lub qauv nyob tob hauv lub temporal lobe. Lub hippocampus zoo li lub tsev qiv ntawv me me uas peb cov kev nco tau khaws cia. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg uas muaj TLE muaj hom MTLE no.

2. Kab mob qaug dab peg Neocortical (lossis Lateral) Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Hauv qhov no, qhov sib haum pib nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub hlwb temporal lobe.

Cov tsos mob ntawm TLE yog dab tsi? Yuav kuaj mob li cas?

Cov tsos mob ntawm TLE muaj ob ntu. Ib ntu yog cov tsos mob ua ntej qaug dab peg uas tshwm sim ua ntej qaug dab peg. Peb kuj hu qhov no ua 'aura'. Lwm ntu yog cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim thaum qaug dab peg.

Cia peb saib cov yam ntxwv no kom meej me ntsis.

Vim li cas qhov TLE no thiaj tshwm sim? Dab tsi yog cov ua rau?

Hais yooj yim xwb, TLE tshwm sim thaum kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov hlwb hlwb (neurons) hauv lub hlwb temporal lobe raug cuam tshuam. Feem ntau, cov hlwb hlwb no xa cov teeb liab hluav taws xob kom peb lub hlwb ua haujlwm tau zoo. Thaum muaj kev sib tsoo, cov hlwb hlwb no tua hluav taws tas li yam tsis muaj kev tswj hwm.

Muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov no:

• Hippocampal sclerosis: Qhov no yog qhov ua rau TLE tseem ceeb. Nws tshwm sim thaum cov hlwb hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub hlwb hu ua hippocampus, uas koom nrog hauv kev nco, ua puas tsuaj thiab muaj qhov txhab.
• Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv hlwb: Cov qog nqaij hlav cancer lossis benign tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb.
• Kev Raug Mob Hlwb: Kev puas tsuaj rau lub taub hau los ntawm qhov xwm txheej loj heev.
• Cov kab mob: Cov kab mob xws li mob hlwb thiab mob meningitis.
• Teeb meem thaum yug los: Qee yam kev txawv txav uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb (Focal cortical dysplasia).
• Teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha: Cov mob xws li mob stroke.
• Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces: Qee cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov noob caj noob ces uas tau kis mus rau ntau tiam neeg.
• Cov ua rau tsis paub meej: Qee zaum, yuav tsis pom ib qho ua rau tshwj xeeb.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob no ntau dua?

TLE tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum twg los tau, tab sis qee yam tseem ceeb yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntxiv.

• Yog tias koj tau muaj mob qaug dab peg thaum koj tseem yog menyuam yaus: Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tau muaj mob qaug dab peg ntau zaus. Tab sis nco ntsoov, tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas tau muaj mob qaug dab peg yuav muaj tus kab mob TLE. Nws tsis tshua muaj.
• Yog koj muaj mob qaug dab peg (status epilepticus): Qhov no txhais tau tias qaug dab peg ntev tshaj 5 feeb, lossis qaug dab peg tshwm sim ntau zaus ua ntej koj rov qab nco qab.
• Yog koj muaj qog hauv lub hlwb lossis muaj teeb meem yug los.
• Yog tias koj tau raug mob taub hau lossis muaj kab mob hauv hlwb thaum koj tseem yog menyuam yaus.
• Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg muaj TLE.

Yog tias tsis kho ces yuav muaj teeb meem dab tsi?

Yog tias tsis kho tus mob TLE ntev, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no yuav nce ntxiv raws sijhawm thaum qhov zaus ntawm kev mob ntxiv zuj zus.

Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog:

• Kev tsis nco qab: Muaj teeb meem nco qab tej yam, tshwj xeeb yog tej yam tshiab.
• Kev Nyuaj Siab thiab Kev Ntxhov Siab: Kev nyob nrog tus mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub hlwb.
• Tsis muaj peev xwm kawm thiab txiav txim siab tau zoo.
• SUDEP (Kev tuag tam sim ntawd uas tsis muaj laj thawj hauv kev mob qaug dab peg): Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem tsis tshua muaj, tab sis loj heev. Hauv qhov no, ib tus neeg uas muaj mob qaug dab peg tuag tam sim ntawd thiab tsis muaj laj thawj pom tseeb. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no yog tswj kev qaug dab peg kom zoo.

Tus kws kho mob kuaj qhov no li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Yog koj tau muaj mob pob qij txha lossis xav tias koj muaj mob pob qij txha, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Nws yuav nug koj cov lus nug, kuaj koj, thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, yuav kuaj qee yam kom paub tseeb tias koj mob.

• Nug txog koj cov tsos mob: Tus kws kho mob yuav nug txog dab tsi tshwm sim ua ntej, thaum lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab qhov kev sib haum xeeb.
• Cov Lus Qhia Los Ntawm Tus Neeg Ua Tim Khawv: Vim tias koj yuav tsis nco qab thaum qaug dab peg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum coj ib tus neeg uas nrog koj thaum lub sijhawm ntawd (ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg, phooj ywg) nrog koj mus rau kws kho mob. Lawv tuaj yeem piav qhia meej txog yam lawv pom.
• Kev kuaj mob hlwb: Qhov no sim ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, koj tuaj yeem ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo li no:

• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Thaij cov duab meej ntawm lub hlwb kom pom seb puas muaj qhov txawv txav (xws li qog lossis qhov caws pliav).
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): Cov cuab yeej me me raug muab tso rau ntawm lub taub hau thiab sau cov haujlwm hluav taws xob ntawm lub hlwb. Yog tias qhov no ua thaum lub sijhawm qaug dab peg, nws tuaj yeem qhia qhov twg hauv lub hlwb uas qaug dab peg pib. Koj yuav raug khaws cia hauv tsev kho mob rau ib hnub lossis ntau dua kom muaj kev kuaj Video-EEG.

Cov kev kho mob rau TLE yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob zoo rau TLE. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab qhov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj raws li koj tus mob.

1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev qaug dab peg

Qhov no yog thawj kab kev kho mob. Muaj ntau yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tswj tau TLE. (piv txwv li Carbamazepine, Levetiracetam, Valproate).

Thaum cev xeeb tub: Yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav cev xeeb tub lossis twb cev xeeb tub lawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob. Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv rau koj cov tshuaj uas muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau lub sijhawm ntawd.

2. Kev Phais Mob (Kev Phais Mob Qaug Dab Peg)

Yog tias tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov mob, lossis yog muaj ib qho ua rau mob uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau, xws li mob qog hauv hlwb, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom phais.

• Kev phais lub hlwb sab saud: Qhov no suav nrog kev tshem tawm ib feem me me ntawm lub hlwb sab saud uas qhov pib qaug dab peg. Cov kws phais hlwb ua qhov no kom zoo zoo, ceev faj kom tsis txhob ua rau lwm yam haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb puas tsuaj. Muaj ntau tus neeg tau muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lawv qhov qaug dab peg yuav luag tag nrho tom qab phais no.

3. Kev txhawb zog ntawm lub hlwb

Txoj kev no siv thaum cov tshuaj tsis ua haujlwm thiab phais tsis tau. Qhov no suav nrog kev xa cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus rau lub hlwb los ntawm ib lub cuab yeej me me uas cog rau hauv lub cev, maj mam txo qhov zaus ntawm kev qaug dab peg dhau sijhawm. Nws zoo li muab lub tshuab pacemaker tso rau hauv lub plawv.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob?

Yog koj muaj lossis xav tias koj qaug dab peg, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Yog tias koj twb tau txais kev kho mob rau TLE lawm, koj yuav tsum hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias:

• Yog tias qhov mob ntawd kav ntev tshaj 5 feeb. (Qhov no yog xwm txheej ceev thiab koj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.)
• Yog tias ib qho kev mob tas lawm thiab lwm qhov los ua ntej koj rov qab nco qab.
• Yog tias qhov zaus thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov haum ntawd nce ntxiv sai sai.
• Yog tias muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim tshiab los ntawm cov tshuaj.
• Yog tias nws siv sijhawm ntev dua li niaj zaus kom rov zoo tom qab raug mob.

Kab mob qaug dab peg Temporal Lobe yog ib yam mob uas koj tswj tau. Tej lub sij hawm kev nyob nrog nws yuav nyuaj heev. Tab sis yog koj kho tau zoo thiab hloov koj txoj kev ua neej, koj yuav ua tau lub neej zoo li qub. Koj tsis nyob ib leeg xwb, thiab koj tus kws kho mob thiab tsev neeg yeej npaj siab pab koj.