Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas ntau tus poj niam tsis paub yuav tham txog, tab sis peb txhua tus yuav tsum paub txog. Qhov ntawd yog ib yam kab mob hu ua Kab Mob Qog Ncauj Tsev Me Nyuam. Tej zaum koj yuav ntshai thaum koj hnov lub npe no. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai. Qhov no yog ib hom kab mob qog nqaij hlav uas tsis tshua muaj. Tab sis kev paub txog qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov no yooj yim heev, zoo li peb tab tom tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg, kom ntxaws.
Hais yooj yim xwb, mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos yog dab tsi?
Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos yog ib yam mob qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim hauv cov qe ntshav uas nyob hauv koj qhov chaw mos, uas yog txheej sab hauv ntawm cov qe ntshav. Raws li koj paub, qhov chaw mos yog ib lub cev zoo li raj uas nthuav tawm ntawm qhov qis ntawm lub tsev menyuam, lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam, mus rau koj qhov chaw mos sab nraud, lub qhov chaw mos.
Muaj ib yam tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nkag siab ntawm no. Qee zaum cov mob qog noj ntshav uas pib nyob rau lwm qhov chaw, xws li mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam lossis mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam, tuaj yeem kis mus rau qhov chaw mos. Tab sis mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov chaw mos uas peb tab tom tham txog hnub no yog mob qog noj ntshav uas pib nyob rau hauv cov hlwb ntawm qhov chaw mos. Qhov no tsis tshua muaj ntau dua li kev kis mus rau lwm cov mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov hom mob qog noj ntshav no yog hom twg?
Muaj ntau hom mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos. Cov no raug faib ua pawg raws li hom cell uas mob qog nqaij hlav pib. Cia peb saib cov hom tseem ceeb.
| Hom mob qog noj ntshav | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub hlwb squamous | Qhov no yog hom mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim. Nws yog li ntawm 90% ntawm cov mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos. Nws pib hauv cov hlwb squamous uas nyob ib sab ntawm qhov chaw mos. |
| Adenocarcinoma | Nws pib hauv cov qe ntshav hauv qhov chaw mos. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ib qho kev zam. Ib hom hu ua clear cell adenocarcinoma kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg hnub nyoog qis dua 50 xyoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv niam noj tshuaj hu ua Diethylstilbestrol (DES) thaum lawv tseem nyob hauv plab. |
| Melanoma | Nws pib hauv cov hlwb uas muab xim rau qhov chaw mos (melanocytes), ib yam li cov hlwb uas tsim cov cim yug ntawm peb daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tsis tshua muaj. |
| Sarcoma | Qhov no kuj tsis tshua muaj. Nws tsim los ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas thiab cov leeg nqaij uas ua rau phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov chaw mos. Kuj tseem muaj ntau hom. Rhabdomyosarcoma feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus. Leiomyosarcoma feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo. |
Kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?
Zoo li kuv tau hais ua ntej lawm, qhov no yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj. Tsuas yog li ib tug ntawm 100,000 tus poj niam thiaj li kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob no. Ntawm txhua tus mob qog nqaij hlav poj niam, mob qog nqaij hlav qhov chaw mos yog ib feem pua me me xwb, ntawm 1% thiab 2%. Yog li ntawd, tsis tas yuav ntshai qhov no yam tsis tsim nyog, tab sis kev paub txog yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob no ntau dua?
Ib yam li lwm yam kab mob, muaj tej yam uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav no loj hlob tuaj. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.
- Muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 60 xyoo: Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav no nce ntxiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog. Hom mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau, "Squamous cell carcinoma," feem ntau kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 60 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg hluas dua li ntawd.
- Kev kis tus kab mob Human Papillomavirus (HPV): HPV yog ib hom kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam thiab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos. Muaj ntau tus khub sib deev thiab tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob ntau ntxiv.
- Kab mob Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VAIN): '(VAIN)' txhais tau hais tias muaj cov hlwb tsis zoo hauv daim ntaub ntawm qhov chaw mos, tab sis lawv tseem tsis tau dhau los ua cov hlwb qog. Qhov no zoo li mob ua ntej mob qog. Ib txhia neeg mob no ua mob qog, thaum lwm tus tsis mob. Cov neeg uas muaj kab mob '(HPV)' feem ntau yuav mob '(VAIN)'.
- Muaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ncauj tsev menyuam lossis mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ncauj tsev menyuam: Muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos yog tias koj tau kho mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ncauj tsev menyuam ua ntej. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj cov hlwb tsis zoo hauv qhov ncauj tsev menyuam (cervical dysplasia).
- Kev raug tshuaj diethylstilbestrol (DES): "DES" yog ib hom tshuaj hormones uas tau muab los tiv thaiv kev mob thaum cev xeeb tub ntawm xyoo 1940 thiab 1971. Yog tias koj niam noj cov tshuaj no thaum cev xeeb tub, koj muaj feem yuav mob "Adenocarcinoma".
- Haus luam yeeb: Tsis txhob xav tsis thoob, haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj mob qog nqaij hlav ob npaug.
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?
Thaum pib mob, feem ntau tus mob qog no tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li. Tej zaum koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom cov qe ntshav txawv txawv thaum koj mus kuaj mob tas li, xws li kuaj Pap smear. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus kuaj mob poj niam tas li.
Tab sis yog tias cov tsos mob tshwm sim, lawv yuav zoo li no:
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov tsos mob no feem ntau tsis yog los ntawm qee yam loj xws li mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis los ntawm lwm yam ua rau yooj yim. Tab sis yog tias koj pom qee yam zoo li no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. Mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau.
| Cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas | |
|---|---|
| 🩸 | Kev los ntshav tsis zoo tom qab sib deev (tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev coj khaub ncaws). |
| 🩸 | Los ntshav tom qab lub sijhawm tsis muaj hli (tom qab lub sijhawm tsis muaj hli lawm). |
| 💧 | Cov kua tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos uas muaj dej, ntshav , lossis muaj ntxhiab tsw phem. |
| 😣 | Mob thaum sib deev. |
| pob | Hnov ib lub qog lossis qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos. |
| 🚽 | Mob thaum tso zis, yuav tsum tau tso zis ntau zaus, cem quav, lossis quav dub. |
| 😖 | Mob tas li hauv thaj chaw pelvic. |
Yuav kuaj mob li cas?
Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, nws yuav xub mloog koj cov tsos mob kom zoo zoo thiab tom qab ntawd ua ntau qhov kev kuaj mob kom paub seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis cov hlwb ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb
- Kev kuaj mob plab mog: Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj koj lub qhov chaw mos thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam kom paub seb puas muaj qhov txawv txav lossis pob.
- Pap smear: Qhov no suav nrog kev coj cov qauv me me ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos thiab saib lawv hauv qab lub tshuab microscope kom pom tias puas muaj cov hlwb txawv txav.
- Colposcopy: Qhov kev kuaj no yog ua yog tias muaj qhov txawv txav hauv Pap smear. Hauv qhov no, qhov chaw mos thiab lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam raug kuaj xyuas kom zoo nrog lub teeb tshwj xeeb thiab lub cuab yeej loj (colposcope).
- Kev kuaj mob: Qhov no yog tib txoj kev kom paub tseeb 100% seb puas yog mob qog noj ntshav. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj colposcopy, ib daim ntaub me me raug coj los ntawm thaj chaw uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj xyuas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
Kev txiav txim siab theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav
Yog tias qhov kev kuaj mob ua pov thawj tias nws yog mob qog noj ntshav, kauj ruam tom ntej yog nrhiav seb nws tau kis mus deb npaum li cas. Peb hu qhov no ua theem. Ntau hom kev ntsuas sib txawv siv rau qhov no.
- Kev luam theej duab CT, kev luam theej duab MRI, kev luam theej duab PET: Cov kev luam theej duab no tuaj yeem xyuas qhov loj ntawm lub qog, seb nws puas tau kis mus rau cov qog ntshav, thiab seb nws puas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.
- Cystoscopy: Kev kuaj seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav kis mus rau lub zais zis.
- Proctoscopy: Kev kuaj seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lub qhov quav.
Yuav kho li cas?
Txoj kev npaj kho mob nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog hom mob qog noj ntshav uas koj muaj, nws theem, koj lub hnub nyoog, thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav muaj menyuam, koj yuav xav tham txog qhov no nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab.
- Kev Phais Mob: Tej zaum yuav phais mob kom tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab ib co nqaij zoo nyob ib puag ncig nws ('Kev phais dav hauv zos'), tshem tawm ib feem lossis tag nrho ntawm qhov chaw mos ('Vaginectomy'), thiab qee zaum tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam thiab cov qog ntshav ('Hysterectomy'). Yog tias tus kab mob rov qab los, yuav tsum tau phais loj dua, xws li 'Pelvic exenteration', kom tshem tawm ntau yam kabmob hauv lub duav.
- Kev kho mob hluav taws xob:Qhov no suav nrog kev siv cov duab hluav taws xob muaj zog heev (xws li X-rays) los rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab sab nraud lub cev ('Kev tawg hluav taws xob sab nraud') lossis los ntawm kev ntxig cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau hauv qhov chaw mos ('Kev tawg hluav taws xob sab hauv').
- Kev Kho Mob Siv Tshuaj: Muab tshuaj tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Qhov no tsis tshua siv ib leeg rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov chaw mos. Feem ntau muab nrog rau kev kho mob hluav taws xob kom ua rau nws ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo?
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tus mob qog noj ntshav no tau 100% los xij, muaj ntau yam uas koj ua tau los txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo.
- Mus kuaj mob poj niam thiab kuaj Pap tsis tu ncua. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog seb koj yuav tsum kuaj ntau npaum li cas.
- Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam thiab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li. Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav ntau ntxiv.
Thaum kawg, nco ntsoov tias yog koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov chaw mos, nws tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab qhia meej txog hom mob qog nqaij hlav, qhov dav ntawm nws kis mus, thiab koj cov kev xaiv kho mob. Yog tias kuaj pom ntxov, koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua los kho tau zoo, rov zoo tag nrho, thiab ua neej nyob ib txwm. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev txhawb nqa los ntawm koj tsev neeg, cov phooj ywg, thiab tus kws pab tswv yim thaum lub sijhawm no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog nws.
- Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li los ntshav tsis zoo tom qab sib deev lossis tom qab lub sijhawm tas lawm, lossis cov kua tawm uas muaj ntxhiab tsw phem , mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Kev kuaj Pap tsis tu ncua yog ib qho kev pab zoo heev rau kev kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob qog noj ntshav no thiab ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos ob npaug, yog li ntawd tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.
- Ib yam li lwm yam mob qog noj ntshav, tus kab mob no muaj feem yuav kho tau thiab zoo yog tias kuaj pom thaum ntxov.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus