We dɔktɔ aks yu fɔ du ``Kɔmplit Blɔd Kɔnt'', ɔ as wi ɔl no am, CBC tɛst , yu kin de wɔnda, "Wi go gɛt ɔda blɔd tɛst? Wetin dis rili de luk fɔ?" Dis na rili wan tɛst we rili kɔmɔn, ɛn we rili impɔtant. Lɛk smɔl ditektiv insay wi bɔdi, di CBC kin sho bɔku tin bɔt wi wɛlbɔdi. So, lɛ wi tɔk bɔt dis ditayli, rili simpul wan, nɔto so?
Wetin na CBC tɛst ɛn wetin wi kin lan frɔm am?
Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, CBC (Complete Blood Count) na tɛst we de luk di men kayn sɛl dɛn we de na yu blɔd. Dɛn kin tek blɔd sɛmpul frɔm yu vein ɛn sɛn am na lab. Na de dɛn kin kɔnt ɔl dɛn tin ya, luk, ɛn mek ripɔt.
Dis tɛst kin ɛp di dɔktɔ fɔ ɔndastand bɔku tin dɛn. Fɔ ɛgzampul:
- Tek kia ɔf yu jenɛral wɛlbɔdi .
- If yu tek mɛrɛsin fɔ sik, yu no if di mɛrɛsin de wok fayn ɔ if i gɛt ɛni bad bad tin?
- Gɛt wan aidia bɔt di wɛlbɔdi fɔ yu imyun sistɛm .
- Fɔ no if sɔm sik dɛn de, fɔ ɛgzampul, blɔd kansa (lɛk ``Lukemia''), anemia (``Anemia'') , ɛn difrɛn infɛkshɔn (``Infections'') .
Di men tin dɛm we wi kin luk na di lab na:
- Rεd Blכd Sεl dεm : Dis na di sεl dεm we de kכri כksijεn כlsay na di bכdi.
- εmoglobin : Na di protin we de insay di rεd bכdi sεl dεm we de tay כksijεn.
- Wait Blɔd Sɛl : Lɛk di ami na wi bɔdi, sɛl dɛn we de fɛt sik.
- Plɛtlɛt : Na smɔl smɔl sɛl dɛn we de ɛp fɔ mek blɔd klɔt.
Apat frɔm we dɛn kin kɔnt dɛn tin ya, dɛn kin luk bak di sayz fɔ dɛn sɛl dɛn ya. Sɔntɛnde, di dɔktɔ kin ɔda ɔda tɛst we dɛn kɔl ``Peripheral Blood Smear'' wit di CBC. Dis kin mek dɛn ebul fɔ chɛk di blɔd sɛmpul ɔnda maykroskɔp fɔ no mɔ bɔt aw di sɛl dɛn tan.
Wetin ``Difrɛns'' min wit CBC tɛst?
If yu CBC ripɔt se ``CBC wit Difrɛns'', i min se di lab dɔn kɔnt yu wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn sɛpret wan . I kin kɔnt bak di blɔd sɛl dɛn we nɔ machɔ. Dis kin mek di dɔktɔ ɔndastand mɔ bɔt aw di difrɛn sɛl dɛn na yu imyun sistɛm de wok.
Ustɛm dɛn nid fɔ du CBC tɛst?
Bɔku rizin dɛn de we mek dɔktɔ go aks yu fɔ mek dɛn du CBC:
- As pat pan wan rutin wɛlbɔdi ɛgzam: Chɛk yu jenɛral wɛlbɔdi.
- If yu gɛt sɔm kayn sik wae nɔr kin kam bikɔs ɔf:Fɔ ɛgzampul, if yu gɛt fiva we nɔ de dɔn, yu de lɔs yu wet wantɛm wantɛm, yu de swet na nɛt, yu de fil se yu gɛt brus izi wan, yu de blɔd ɔltɛm, ɔ yu taya pasmak.
- Monitor di stetɔs fɔ wan sik we bin dɔn de bifo: Fɔ pɔrsin wae gɛt sɔmtin lɛk kansa ɔr krɛse sik (CKD), si aw e de go bifo.
- Si aw wan tritmɛnt de wok fayn ɔ aw wan mɛrɛsin de afɛkt di bɔdi: Sɔm tritmɛnt (e.g. tritmɛnt fɔ kansa) kin mek yu wayt blɔd sɛl nɔ bɔku ɛn mek yu imyun sistɛm wik. Dis kin ɛp yu fɔ kia fɔ tin dɛn lɛk dat.
- Monitor yu hεlth we yu bεlε.
Us kɔndishɔn dɛn kin no bay we dɛn yuz CBC tɛst?
CBC kin ɛp yu dɔktɔ fɔ no if yu gɛt ɛni wan pan dɛn sik ya:
- Anemia : Dis min se di rεd bכdi sεl dεm כ di εmoglobin lεvεl dεm de dכn.
- Erythrocytosis : di kכnsantreshכn fכ di rεd bכdi sεl dεm de inkrεs.
- Lukosaytosis : Na di nɔmba fɔ di wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn de bɔku.
- Lukopenia : Di wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn kin go dɔŋ.
- Trombocytosis : Di pletlet kכnt de bכku.
- Trombocytopenia : Di pletlɛt dɛn we de na di bɔdi kin go dɔŋ.
Mɛmba se dɛn tin ya kin bi sayn dɛm fɔ wan sik we rili siriɔs, so yu dɔktɔ go nid fɔ tink bɔt di CBC ripɔt ɛn yu ɔda sayn dɛm togɛda fɔ rich di diagnosis.
Aw dɛn kin du CBC tɛst? Wetin rili i de mɛzhɔ?
Insay CBC tɛst, wan spɛshal kɔmpyuta mashin (`(automated analyzer)`) de kɔnt di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn (`(Erythrocytes)`), wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn (`(Leukocytes)`), ɛn pletlɛt dɛn (`(Thrombocytes)`) na yu blɔd sɛmpul, ɛn bak dɛn saiz. If yu dכkta dכn כda `(CBC wit Difrεns)`, di mashin de kכnt di difrεn kayn wayt blכd sεl dεm εn di immature sεl dεm bak sεparat wan. Sɔntɛnde, if sɔntin de we nɔ klia bɔt di rizɔlt, wan `(Pathologist)` go luk di blɔd sɛmpul ɔnda maykroskɔp ɛn kɔnfɔm di mashin in rizɔlt.
Naw lɛ wi si wetin di tin dɛn we de insay dis ripɔt se.
Tin dɛn we yu fɔ luk fɔ na Rɛd Blɔd Sɛl (RBC):
- Rεd Blכd Sεl Kכnt (RBC): dis de tכk bכt di nכmba fכ di rεd bכdi sεl dεm we de insay wan volyum fכ bכdi (usually wan microliter - `(mcL)`). Tink bɔt, wan drɔp blɔd gɛt lɛk 40-50 `(mcL)`.
- Ɛmoglobin (Hb): Na di kayn ɛmoglobin we de na yu blɔd.
- Hematocrit (Hct): Us pasɛnt pan yu blɔd na rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn.
Yu go si bak wan pat we dɛn kɔl ``Rɛd Sɛl Indiks''. Dɛn tin ya kin tɛl yu bɔt di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we yu gɛt ɛn di ɛmoglobin we yu gɛt.
- Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV): Na di avrej saiz fɔ yu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn.
- Min Kɔpɔsul Ɛmoglobin (MCH): Na di avɛrej wet fɔ ɛmoglobin na wan rɛd blɔd sɛl.
- Min Kɔpɔsul Ɛmoglobin Kɔnsɛntreshɔn (MCHC): Di avɛrej kɔnsɛntreshɔn (wet) fɔ ɛmoglobin insay wan givɛn volyum fɔ blɔd.
- Rεd Sεl Distribushכn Wid (RDW): di vεryushכn na di sayz fכ di rεd bכdi sεl dεm. Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, if dis valyu smɔl, yu rɛd sɛl dɛn ɔl gɛt di sem saiz. if dis valyu hכy, big difrεns de pan saiz bitwin di big εn di sכm sכm sεl dεm.
Tin dɛn fɔ luk fɔ na Plɛtlɛt:
- Plɛtlɛt Kɔnt: Na di ɔl di pletlɛt dɛn we de na yu blɔd sɛmpul.
- Min Plɛtlɛt Vɔlyum (MPV): Na di avɛrej saiz fɔ yu pletlɛt dɛn.
Tin dεm fכ luk fכ insay Wait Blכd Sεl dεm (WBC) εn ``Difrεns'':
di dכkta kin כda wan CBC fכ luk jכs di tכtal wayt blכd sεl kכnt (`(Tכtal WBC kכnt)`), כ dεn kin כda wan `(Difrεnshal)` wit am. wan `(Difrεns)` de kכnt di difrεn tכp dεm fכ di wayt bכdi sεl dεm, εn di rεd bכdi sεl dεm we nכ machכ. dis kin ripot as absכlut nכmba (dεn kin mak am "abs") כ as pasεnshכn (%) pan di tכtal wayt bכdi sεl dεm.
Yu kin si tin dɛn lɛk dis na yu CBC ripɔt:
- Wait Blɔd Sɛl Kɔnt (WBC): Dis de tɔk bɔt di ɔl di wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn (ɔl kayn) na yu bɔdi.
- Nyutrofil: Dis na di fɔs wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn we de go insay di fɛt. Dɛn kin fɛt baktri ɛn fɛns infɛkshɔn.
- Monocytes: Na wan kayn wayt blɔd sɛl we de ɛp fɔ klin di sɛl dɛn we dɔn pwɛl we di sik de. Dɛn kin ɛp bak fɔ wɔn ɔda wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn bɔt tin dɛn we kin ambɔg dɛn, lɛk baktri ɛn vayrɔs.
- Limfosayt: Na wan kayn wayt blɔd sɛl we de fɛt di vayral infɛkshɔn ɛn ɛp di imyun sistɛm fɔ mɛmba di infɛkshɔn dɛn we bin dɔn gɛt bifo. Dis na fɔ mek di bɔdi rɛdi bɛtɛ fɔ dil wit di sem infɛkshɔn if i kam bak.
- Eosinophils: Dɛn wayt blɔd sɛl ya de fɛt parasayt infɛkshɔn ɛn dɛn kin mek bak pɔsin gɛt alɛji.
- Basophils: Na wan kayn wayt blɔd sɛl we de pul histamin we yu gɛt alɛji ɛn heparin, we de mek blɔd nɔ klɔt.
- Immature Granulocytes: Dis na nyutrofil, eosinofil, ɔ basofil we nɔ machɔ yet.
- Nyukliet Rɛd Blɔd Sɛl dɛn (nRBC):Dis na rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we nɔ machɔ. dεn kin εksprεs dεm as absכlut nכmba (`(absolut nRBC)`) כ as pasεnshכn (nכmba fכ rεd sεl dεm pan 100 wayt sεl dεm).
A nid fɔ pripia fɔ di CBC tɛst?
Bɔku tɛm, dɛn nɔ nid spɛshal pripiamɛnt fɔ CBC tɛst. Yu kin it ɛn drink nɔmal wan, ɛn if yu de tek ɛni mɛrɛsin, yu kin tek am lɛk aw yu kin tek am. Dis min se yu nɔ nid fɔ fast. Bɔt if yu dɔktɔ dɔn ɔda fɔ du ɔda blɔd tɛst wit di CBC, spɛshal instrɔkshɔn dɛn kin de fɔ dɛn tɛst dɛn de. So i fayn fɔ aks yu dɔktɔ ɔ di lab bɔt dis.
Us kayn ɛkspiriɛns yu kin gɛt we yu de du CBC tɛst?
We dɛn tek blɔd sɛmpul, dɛn kin pik wan vein frɔm yu an (bɔku tɛm nia yu ɛlb) ɛn dɛn kin klin di say wit sɔntin lɛk fɔ rɔb rɔb. Dɔn, wan nɔs ɔ pɔsin we sabi bɔt mɛrɛsin kin put nidul insay. We dɛn put di nidul, yu kin fil smɔl sting, lɛk smɔl nidul ɔ ant sting. We dɛn de tek blɔd frɔm smɔl pikin dɛn, dɛn kin yuz di il.
Dɛn kin tek smɔl blɔd tru di nidul ɛn gɛda am na wan spɛshal tiub. Sɔntɛnde, dɛn kin tek pas wan tiub, i kin dipen pan di tɛst dɛn we di dɔktɔ dɔn ɔda.
We dɛn dɔn pul di blɔd, dɛn kin pul di nidul ɛn put smɔl bandej ɔ goz na di sayt. Dɔn dɛn kin sɛn yu blɔd sɛmpul to di lab fɔ mek dɛn tɛst yu.
Wetin kin apin afta di CBC tɛst?
Afta dɛn dɔn pul di blɔd, dɛn go kɔba yu an wit bandej ɔ wan pat pan goz. Yu an kin at fɔ sɔm tɛm. Sɔntɛnde, smɔl brus kin de usay dɛn put di nidul. Dis na nɔmal tin ɛn i go dɔn insay sɔm dez.
Ɛni risk ɔ sayd ɛfɛkt de fɔ dis tɛst?
CBC na tɛst we rili sef ɛn we kɔmɔn. I nɔ de kɛr ɛni big big risk. Bɔt smɔl chans de fɔ mek yu gɛt di sik na di say we dɛn pul di blɔd, mɔ if yu gɛt wik imyun sistɛm. Na smɔl tɛm nɔmɔ, sɔm pipul dɛn kin fil smɔl smɔl ɔ dɛn kin gɛt diziz afta dɛn dɔn pul dɛn blɔd. If dis apin, i go fayn fɔ mek yu sidɔm stil fɔ sɔm tɛm.
Wetin na di nɔmal rɛnj dɛm fɔ wan CBC tɛst?
"Nɔmal Rɛnj" de fɔ di valyu dɛn we de na wan CBC ripɔt. Dis rεnj kin difrεn sכmtεm frכm lab to lab. Apat frɔm dat, sɔm ɔda rizin dɛn de we mek dɛn nɔmal valyu ya kin difrɛn:
- Di lab usay dɛn de du di tɛst: Smɔl difrɛns kin de pan di ikwipmɛnt ɛn di we aw dɛn de yuz na ɛni lab.
- Yu ɔmon stetmɛnt: Sɔm ripɔt dɛn kin gi difrɛn rɛfrɛns rɛnj fɔ man ɛn uman. dis dεm de bays pan di nכmal כmon lεvεl fכ εvri jεnda. Dis kin chenj if yu de tek ɔmon tɛrapi.
- Yu ej: Nɔmal rɛnj difrɛn fɔ big pipul ɛn pikin dɛn.
- If yu gɛt bɛlɛ ɔ yu gɛt ɔda wɛlbɔdi prɔblɛm:Nɔmal valyu dɛn kin chenj wit dis.
- di yunit dεm fכ mεzjכ we di lab de yuz: fכ egzampl, sכm risכlt kin gi as sεl pan maykrolit (`(sεl pan maykrolit - mcL, uL כ μL)`), εn sכm kin gi as sεl pan maykrolit we dεn mכltiply wit 1000 (`(k/mcL, k/uL כ k/μL)`). Dis kin mek di valyu dɛn luk rili difrɛn.
Di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl na fɔ luk ɔltɛm pan di rɛfrɛns rɛnj we dɛn gi na yu ripɔt ɛn kɔmpia yu valyu dɛn to am nɔmɔ. If yu gɛt ɛni kwɛstyɔn, nɔ shek fɔ aks yu dɔktɔ.
Aw lɔng i kin tek fɔ gɛt di rizɔlt fɔ di CBC tɛst?
Bɔku tɛm, dɛn kin gɛt di rizɔlt insay sɔm dez. Sɔntɛnde, di rizɔlt kin de insay 24 awa. Yu dɔktɔ go kɔl yu we yu gɛt yu rizɔlt, ɛksplen am, ɛn tɛl yu wetin fɔ du nɛks.
Wetin abnɔmal CBC rizɔlt min?
Difrɛn kayn wɛlbɔdi prɔblɛm kin de we kin mek di sɛl dɛn we de na di blɔd go ɔp ɔ dɔŋ. Sɔm pan dɛn tin ya kin siriɔs, bɔt ɔda wan dɛn kin kɔmɔn ɛn izi fɔ trit. Na sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn ya:
- Di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we bɔku: Dɛn kin kam wit dis sik bikɔs ɔf at sik, lɔng sik, polycythemia vera (na wan sik we di bon mɛro kin mek bɔku rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn), ɔ slip apnea (slip apnea).
- Rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we nɔ de bɔku (anemia): I kin kam bikɔs i nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ tin fɔ it (lɛk we i nɔ gɛt vaytamɛn B12 ɔ we i nɔ gɛt ayɔn), blɔd we de kɔmɔt, di kidni we nɔ de wok fayn, ɛn di sik dɛn we de na di blɔd ɛn bon mɛro.
- Di bɔku bɔku pletlet dɛn: Infɛkshɔn ɛn prɔblɛm wit di imyun sistɛm kin bi di rizin.
- di pletlet dεm we nכ de kכmכt sכmtεm kin kכz fכ tin dεm lεk: Immune Thrombocytopenia (wan kכndyushכn we di imyun sistεm de pwεl di pletlεt dεm), sכm kayn kεnsar, εn Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.
- Wait blɔd sɛl dɛn we bɔku: Dɛn kin kam bikɔs ɔf tin dɛn lɛk infɛkshɔn, alɛji, ɔtoimyun kɔndishɔn, limfoma, ɛn lukimiya.
- Di wayt blɔd sɛl nɔ bɔku: Na sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de fɛt insɛf, sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn, bon mɛro sik dɛn, ɛn infɛkshɔn kin bi di tin we kin mek i apin.
Wetin fɔ du nɛks if di rizɔlt nɔ nɔmal?
If yu CBC ripɔt nɔ de na di nɔmal rɛnj, tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt wetin i kin min. Yu dɔktɔ kin ɔda fɔ mek dɛn du mɔ tɛst ɔ bigin fɔ plan fɔ trit yu. Ɔ, yu nɔ go nid tritmɛnt atɔl, jɔs fɔ wach. So nɔ panik ɛn lisin to wetin yu dɔktɔ gɛt fɔ se.
Ustɛm a fɔ kɔl di dɔktɔ?
If yu gɛt ɛni kwɛstyɔn ɔ wɔri bɔt di CBC tɛst ɔ in rizɔlt, mek shɔ se yu kɔl yu dɔktɔ. Nɔ kip ɛnitin we yu nɔ ɔndastand.
Di CBC de sho se di kidni de wok?
CBC tɛst nɔ de sho dairekt wan aw yu kidni dɛn de wok fayn. Bɔt sɔm pan di valyu dɛn we de na di ripɔt, lɛk di limfosayt kɔnt ɛn MCV, we dɛn jɔyn am wit ɔda tɛst dɛn, i kin ɛp yu dɔktɔ fɔ no aw yu kidni dɛn de wok fayn.
Fɔ dɔn, tin dɛn fɔ mɛmba (Take-Home Message) .
Okay, so naw a op se yu geht beta andastan fo wan CBC tehst.
CBC (Complete Blood Count) na wan blɔd tɛst we rili kɔmɔn ɛn rili impɔtant we dɔktɔ dɛn kin yuz fɔ gɛt infɔmeshɔn bɔt yu wɛlbɔdi.
Yu kin mek dɛn du dis we dɛn de chɛk yu ɔltɛm, ɔ yu dɔktɔ kin tɛl am fɔ no wetin mek sɔm pan yu sik dɛn de. Na nɔmal tin fɔ fil smɔl fred ɔ fred we yu de wet fɔ di tɛst rizɔlt. Bɔt mɛmba se, di rizɔlt fɔ CBC de gi yu dɔktɔ impɔtant tin dɛn bɔt wetin de apin insay yu bɔdi. Dɛn tin ya kin ɛp yu fɔ no gud gud wan wetin nɔr fayn (`(Diagnosis)`), stat di rayt tritmɛnt (`(Treatment)`), ɛn mek yu fil fayn. So, dis na jɔs wan step fɔ mek yu gɛt yu wɛlbɔdi bak na di rayt rod. Gud lɔk!
` CBC, Kɔmplit Blɔd Kɔnt, Blɔd Tɛst, Anemia, Infɛkshɔn, Blɔd Sɛl, Ɛmoglobin, Kɔmplit Blɔd Kɔnt, Blɔd Tɛst, Anemia, Infɛkshɔn, Blɔd Sɛl, Ɛmoglobin
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