Yu de fred di FISH test? Lɛ wi lan bɔt dis jɛnɛtik tɛst (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization - FISH Test) insay simpul wɔd dɛn.

Yu dɔktɔ dɔn tɛl yu ɔ sɔmbɔdi na yu famili fɔ mek dɛn du ‘FISH tɛst’? Yu bin fil smɔl fred ɔ fred we yu yɛri da nem de? Yu bin tink se, "Us kayn strenj tɛst dis?"? I rili nɔmal fɔ fil da we de. Bɔt no rizin nɔ de fɔ mek wi wɔri. I nɔ kɔmplikt lɛk aw yu tink, ɛn i nɔto sɔntin fɔ fred. Tide, lɛ wi tɔk bɔt wetin na dis FISH tɛst, wetin i de luk fɔ, ɛn aw dɛn de du am, rili simpul, insay wi langwej.

Fɔs, wetin na dis FISH tɛst?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, FISH na spɛshal laboratori tɛst we de luk fɔ chenj ɔ mistek dɛn na di jin ɛn kromozom dɛn we de insay wi bɔdi in sɛl dɛn. I tan lɛk se wi de chɛk wi bɔdi in jenɛtik map.

Fɔ ɔndastand dis smɔl, lɛ wi imajin wi bɔdi lɛk big laybri.

• Kromozom: Kromozom tan lɛk di buk shelf dɛn we de na da laybri de. Ɛni mɔtalman sɛl gɛt 23 pe fɔ dɛn buk shelf dɛn ya.
• Jin: Dɛn buk dɛn de we de na di shelf dɛn na jin. Dɛn buk ya gɛt ɔl di tin dɛn we wi bɔdi nid fɔ wok. Nɔto jɔs wi ia kɔlɔ, yay kɔlɔ, ayt, bɔt ɔl di wok we wi bɔdi de du, na di tin dɛn we de insay dɛn buk dɛn ya we dɛn kɔl jin de kɔntrol am.
• DNA: Di lɛta ɛn wɔd dɛn we dɛn rayt na dɛn buk ya na DNA. Dat min se di kɔmplit sɛt ɔf instrɔkshɔn dɛn we wi bɔdi nid de insay DNA.

Naw imajin se sɔm pan di buk dɛn (jin) na dis laybri gɛt pej dɛn we nɔ de (dilit), sɔm dɛn dɔn ad (amplification), ɔ dɛn dɔn muf wan buk we fɔ de na wan shelf to ɔda shelf (translocation). Wetin go apin if dat apin? Di instrɔkshɔn dɛn we di bɔdi go gɛt go rɔng. Na bikɔs ɔf dɛn kayn rɔng instrɔkshɔn dɛn de, na in mek sik dɛn lɛk kansa ɛn ɔda sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i kam pan jɛnɛtiks.

Aw dis FISH tɛst de wok?

Pan ɔl we di we aw dɛn de du am na sayɛns smɔl, a go ɛksplen am to una wit wan ɛgzampul we rili simpul.

Imajin se yu nid fɔ fɛn wan patikyula sɛntɛns na wan big buk. Wetin yu de du? Yu fɛn da sɛntɛns de ɛn mak am wit aylayta we gɛt kɔlɔ. Dɔn i izi fɔ fɛn am bak.

Dis na wetin kin apin na FISH tɛst. Insay di lab, sayɛnsman dɛn kin mek sɔm pat dɛn pan DNA we de mach di patikyula pat pan di jin we dɛn want fɔ luk fɔ na yu sɛl sɛmpul. Dɛn kɔl dɛn tin ya ‘prob.’ Dɔn, dɛn kin ataya fluorescent lɛbl dɛn to dɛn DNA pis dɛn ya we dɛn mek. Dɛn tin ya tan lɛk pen dɛn we dɛn kin yuz fɔ aylayt.

nεks, dεn kin tek sεmpl fכ yu sεl dεm (lεk bכdi כ tisu) εn ad dεn kכla lεbul ‘prob’ ya pan am. Dɔn sɔntin we wɔndaful kin apin. di ‘probe’ de fכn di εksakכt lכkεshכn fכ di jin we de mach am εn de haybrid to am.

Dɔn, we pɔsin we de stɔdi bɔt sik pipul dɛn luk am wit spɛshal maykroskɔp (fluorescent microscope), di ‘prob dɛn’ we dɛn tay pan da jin sɛgmɛnt de de shayn lɛk layt dɛn we gɛt kɔlɔ, lɛk sta dɛn we de shayn na dak.

• Insay nɔmal sɛl: Di kɔlɔ layt we dɛn de op fɔ gɛt, yu kin si am na di kɔrɛkt ples dɛn.
• Insay wan sɛl we nɔmal: Yu kin si mɔ kɔlɔ pas aw yu bin de tink (amplification), ɔ yu nɔ kin si wan kɔlɔ we yu want fɔ si (dilit), ɔ yu kin si tu kɔlɔ dɛn we fɔ de togɛda bɔt we de fa frɔm dɛnsɛf (translocation).

Na bay we yu luk da layt de we de shayn, yu go ebul fɔ tɛl yu ustɛm chenj dɛn de na yu jin.

Wetin na di men tin dɛm we di FISH tɛst de luk fɔ?

Dɛn kin du di FISH tɛst mɔ fɔ sɔm rizin dɛn. Lɛ wi tek wan luk pan di jɛnɛtik chenj dɛm we i kin no ɛn di sik dɛm we gɛt fɔ du wit dɛn.

Us sik dɛn kin no tru dɛn chenj ya?

Di FISH tɛst rili impɔtant fɔ no difrɛn sik dɛn, mɔ di kansa, ɛn fɔ plan di tritmɛnt.

• Di kayn kansa dɛn:
• Breast Cancer: spεshal wan, luk fכ amplifyushכn fכ di jin (HER2). if dis kayn amplifyushכn de, dεn kin gi spεshal tritmεnt dεm we spεshal tכk to da jin de.
• Lukimiya: Fɔ no di kayn akyu ɛn kronik lukimiya.
• Limfoma we dɛn kɔl Limfoma
• Bɔn mɛrɔ kansa (Multiple Myeloma) .
• Kansa na di lɔng, bɛlɛ, ɛn blad
• di jεnεtik kכndishכn dεm bifo i bכn εn afta i bכn: Tεst pikin bifo כ afta dεn bכn am fכ si if i gεt kromozom abnכmaliti, lεk Daun sεndrכm.
• in vitro fεtilayzεshכn (IVF): dεn kin yuz dis mεtכd bak fכ tεst di εmbrayo fכ di kromozom abnכmaliti bifo dεn tכn tru in vitro fεtilayzεshכn (IVF).

Aw a fɔ pripia fɔ di FISH tɛst?

Aw yu de pripia fɔ dis tɛst de dipen pan di sampul we yu de tek. Difrɛn kayn sampul dɛn de we dɛn kin tek fɔ dis.

• Blɔd Tɛst: If yu dɔktɔ tink se yu ɔ yu pikin gɛt wan sik we dɛn kɔl jenɛtik, yu kin du dis tɛst bay we yu tek smɔl blɔd lɛk aw yu kin tek am. Dis nɔ nid fɔ pripia ɛni spɛshal tin.
• Tεst bifo di pikin bכn: if dεn de tεst di pikin in jin dεm we i bεlε, di dכkta go du wan tεst we dεn kכl ``amniocentesis,'' we involv fכ tek sכm sכm amniotic fluid frכm di mama in bεlε.
• Bayɔpsi: If dɛn tink se gɛt kansa, dɛn kin tek smɔl pat pan di tisu frɔm di tɔŋ ɔ bon mɛrɔ fɔ tɛst (bon mɛrɔ bayɔpsi). Bifo dɛn du bayɔpsi, yu dɔktɔ go gi yu instrɔkshɔn bɔt aw fɔ pripia fɔ am, bikɔs dɛn nid fɔ yuz anestezi.
• Yurin Tɛst: Sɔntɛnde dɛn kin yuz urine sɛmpul fɔ no ɔ wach blad kansa.

Wetin kin apin afta dɛn dɔn gɛt di tɛst ripɔt?

I kin tek bitwin wan ɛn 4 wik fɔ gɛt di rizɔlt fɔ FISH tɛst. Yu dɔktɔ go tɛl yu bɔt dis tɛm bifo tɛm.

Di rizulyt na ‘positiv’.If i se, i min se sɔm jɛnɛtik ɔ kromozom abnɔmal tin de na yu sɛl sampul.

Na nɔmal tin fɔ fil fɔ fred ɛn wɔri we yu si rizɔlt lɛk dis. Bɔt mɛmba se dis rizɔlt na chans fɔ ɔndastand yu sik klia wan. Ɛn, bay dis infɔmeshɔn, yu dɔktɔ go ebul fɔ disayd di tritmɛnt we fit yu pas ɔl, we dɛn go du fɔ yu.

Fɔ ɛgzampul, if dis tɛst si se wan jenɛtik muteshɔn dɔn apin na wan kansa, dɛn kin gi targeted therapy fɔ target da mutation de, we kin mek di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛn nɔ bɔku ɛn i kin gɛt mɔ sakrifays.

So, bifo yu wɔri bɔt di rizɔlt ɛn wɔri yu wan, tɔk to yu dɔktɔ gud gud wan ɛn ɔndastand klia wan wetin i min ɛn us step yu nid fɔ tek nɛks.