Yu fil se yu gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron? Lɛ wi lan ɛksaktɔli bɔt dis chenj na di man bɔdi (Male Hypogonadism)!

Sɔntɛnde yu kin fil taya, yu nɔ kin bisin bɔt ɛnitin, ɔ yu kin gɛt smɔl kwɛstyɔn bɔt sɔm tin dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit man? Sɔntɛm di rizin fɔ dis na we di ɔmon we dɛn kɔl tɛstostɛron na yu bɔdi de go dɔŋ. Tide, wi go tɔk bɔt dis we aw di tɛstostɛron lɛvɛl de go dɔŋ , ɔ as dɔktɔ dɛn kin kɔl am, wan sik we dɛn kɔl Male Hypogonadism . Nɔr wɔri, dis na tin wae kin apun to bɔrku pipul, ɛn tritmɛnt de fɔ am.

Wetin di lɔw tɛstostɛron min?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, di tɛstostɛron we nɔ de bɔku min se yu tɛstostɛron (di gland dɛn we de mek swɛt na man) nɔ de mek inof tɛstostɛron. fכ bi prεsis, dis tεstostεron na di Leydig sεl dεm we de insay di tεstikul dεm de mek am.

Dis kכndyushכn kin prεzεnt wit difrεn sεmtin dεm na difrεn εj. כlso, di tεstostεron lεvεl dεm nכmal wan de dכn sכmtεm as man dεm de ol. Dɛn kin kɔl dis wit ɔda nem dɛn, fɔ ɛgzampul:

• Testosterone dɛfisiɛns sindrom
• Testosterone we nɔ de wok fayn
• Praymari haypogonadism
• Sɛkɔndari haypogonadism

Wetin mek tɛstostɛron impɔtant so?

Testosterone na di man ɔmon we impɔtant pas ɔl. i implεnt fכ divεlכpmεnt fכ di man kכntribyushכn dεm εn fכ prodyuz sεl dεm (spermatogenesis). Man dεm gεt bכku bכku tεstostεron na dεn bכdi pas uman dεm.

tεstostεron de εp fכ mεnten εn divεlכp dεn tin ya na di man bכdi:

• Di pat dɛn we de na di bɔdi
• Di saiz fɔ di mɔsul dɛn
• Wan wɛlbɔdi rɛd blɔd sɛl lɛvɛl
• Di bon dɛn we de na di bɔdi
• Gud mental wɛlbɔdi
• Fɔ du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs ɛn fɔ bɔn pikin

Nɔmal wan, wi bɔdi kin rigul di lɛvɛl we di tɛstostɛron de na wi blɔd. I kin ay pas ɔl na mɔnin ɛn smɔl smɔl i kin go dɔŋ as di de de go.

di haypothalamus εn di pituitary gland na yu bren de kכntro כl di tεstostεron we yu tεstikul dεm de prodyuz εn rilis.

di haypothalamus de rilis di gonadotropin-rilis כmon (GnRH) . dis de sho se di pituitary gland fכ rilis luteinizing hormone (LH) . afta dat LH de travul go na di tεstikul dεm fכ mek di tεstostεron prodyuz. di pituitary gland de rilis fכlikul-stimulεt כmon (FSH) bak fכ εp fכ mek sεl dεm.

So, if prɔblɛm de wit yu tɛstikul, haypothalamus, ɔ pituitary gland, yu tɛstostɛron lɛvɛl kin go dɔŋ.

Us lεvεl dεn kin kכnsidr am as "lכw tεstostεron"?

di American Urology Association (AUA) se dεn kin tek di tεstostεron lεvεl na big man in blɔd se i lכw if i less dan 300 nanograms pan wan desilita (300 ng/dL).

Bɔt sɔm pipul dɛn we de stɔdi bɔt dis ɛn dɔktɔ dɛn nɔ gri wit dis tin atɔl. Sɔm pipul dɛn biliv se ɛnitin we smɔl pas `250 ng/dL` dɛn kin tek am se i smɔl. Bɔt, dɔktɔ dɛn go mɔs tink bɔt yu sik dɛn we dɛn de no if yu gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron.

Udat de pan ay risk fɔ dis tɛstostɛron dɛklin?

Dis sik kin afɛkt man dɛn we gɛt ɛni ej, frɔm we dɛn bɔn dɛn te dɛn big.

Bɔt dɛn pipul ya kin gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron:

• Fɔ pipul dɛn we dɔn ol
• Fɔ pipul dɛn we fat (tu fat) .
• Fɔ pipul dɛm wae gɛt tayp 2 dayabitis wae dɛn nɔr kin kɔntrol fayn
• Fɔ di wan dɛn we gɛt obstructive sleep apnea
• Pipul wae gɛt sik wae nɔr de mɛn lɛk wae dɛn kidni nɔr de woke fayn ɛn wae dɛn kin gɛt sirosis na dɛn liva
• Fɔ di wan dɛn we gɛt HIV/AIDS

Aw dis sik kin kɔmɔn?

i at fכ di wan dεm we de du risach fכ se εksεkshכn aw kכmכn lכw tεstostεron de, biכs difrεn stכdi dεm dεn dεfεn "lכw tεstostεron" difrεn we.

Akɔdin to sɔm data, lɛk 2% pan man dɛn kin gɛt dis sik. כda stכdi dεm sho se mכr dan 8% pan di man dεm we ol bitwin 50 εn 79 ia gεt lכw tεstostεron lεvεl.

Wetin na di sayn dɛm we pɔsin kin gɛt we i nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ tɛstostɛron?

di sayn dεm we de sho se di tεstostεron dεm dכn sכmtεm kin difrεn bכku bכku wan frכm pכsin to pכsin, spεshal wan dipכnt pan di ej.

Di simptom dɛm na big man dɛm

If yu gɛt dɛn sik ya, chans de fɔ mek yu gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron:

• Di want fɔ du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs we de go dɔŋ
• Erectile dysfunction we nɔ de wok fayn
• di ia we de lכs na di armpit dεm εn di prayvet εria dεm
• Di shrinkage we di tɛstikul dɛn de mek
• Hot flash dɛn we de shayn
• di sεl dεm we de dכn כ nכ de (Azoospermia), we kin mek i at fכ bכn pikin.

Ɔda sayn dɛn kin bi:

• Diprɛshɔn (disɔda we de mek pɔsin fil bad) .
• I nɔ kin izi fɔ pe atɛnshɔn ɛn mɛmba
• Di fat we de na di bɔdi we de bɔku
• di man in bכdi de big (Gynecomastia) .
• Di mɔsul dɛn trɛnk ɛn saiz we de go dɔŋ
• Di bɔdi nɔ kin ebul fɔ bia

Di sayn dɛm wae kin kam pan pikin dɛm (bifo ɔr we dɛn de bɔn pikin) .

If di bɔy pikin in tɛstostɛron lɛvɛl go dɔŋ bifo ɔ we i de bɔn, i kin gɛt sɔm sayn dɛn lɛk:

• di ayt growth de slo, bכt di limb dεm kin gro disproportionately long pas כda pat dεm na di bכdi.
• Ridyus di ia we de gro na di prayvet eria.
• di tεstikul dεm εn di tεstikul dεm de gro dכn.
• Di dip we di vɔys de dip.
• Di trɛnk ɛn di bia we pɔsin kin ebul fɔ bia kin go dɔŋ bikɔs ɔf di ej.

Wetin na di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron?

difrεn rizin dεm de we mek di tεstostεron lεvεl kin dכn. Dis kɔndishɔn kin fɔdɔm insay tu men kategori:

1. Praymari haypogonadism: dis kin kכz fכ prכblεm wit di tεstikul dεm sεf.

2. Sεkכnd haypogonadism: Dis kin kכz fכ di disfכnkshכn na di pituitary gland כ di haypothalamus na di bren.

Dɛn tu kayn tin ya kin bi bikɔs ɔf di tin dɛn we dɛn bɔn wit ɔ di tin dɛn we dɛn dɔn gɛt we kin apin leta (we i smɔl ɔ we i big).

Di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt praymari haypogonadism

wetin kin apin insay dis kes na dat prכblεm de wit di tεstikul dεm, we de mek dεn nכ de prodyuz tεstostεron nכmal wan.

Wan ɔda nem fɔ dis na haypagonadotropik haypogonadism . dis na we di pituitary gland de prodyuz mכr pan di כmon dεm LH εn FSH (dεn kכl dεm bak gonadotropins) biכs di tεstostεron dεm lכw. nכmal wan, we dεn כmon dεm ya bכku, dεn kin tεl di tεstikul dεm fכ mek mכr tεstostεron εn sεl dεm. Bɔt if di tɛstikul dɛn dɔn pwɛl (bɔku tɛm na bikɔs ɔf kemotɛrapi fɔ kansa) ɔ if di tɛstikul dɛn nɔ de, dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ ansa dɛn gonadotropin ya we dɔn bɔku. dis kin mek na sכm tεstostεron εn sεl dεm de kכmכt כ nכ de kכmכt.

sכmtεm insay praymari haypogonadism, di gonadotropin lεvεl kin εlevεt ivin if di tεstostεron lεvεl de insay di nכmal rεnj. Yu spɛshal dɔktɔ go ɛksplen dis to yu ɛn if tritmɛnt nid fɔ de ivin if tɛstostɛron nɔmal.

Di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin bɔn am:

• Absεns כf tεstikul dεm we dεn bכn (Anorchia) .
• Cryptorchidism (we di tεstikul dεm nכ de dכn frכm di skrotum) .
• divεlכpmεnt we nכ kכmplit fכ di Leydig sεl dεm na di tεstikul dεm (Leydig sεl haypoplasia) .
• Klinefelter's syndrome (dεn bכn man dεm wit εkstra X kromozom insted fכ XY - XXY)
• Noonan syndrome (di kayn we aw pɔsin kin gɛt jɛnɛtiks, i kin mek i nɔ ebul fɔ bɔn pikin, di tɛstikul dɛn nɔ kin kam dɔŋ, ɔ i kin mek i nɔ ebul fɔ bɔn pikin) .
• Myotonic dystrophy (wan grup we gɛt sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i gɛt fɔ du wit di mɔsul dɛn we wik) .

Di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt dis sik:

• Injuri to ɔ pul di tɛstikul dɛn.
• Inflameshɔn na wan ɔ ɔl tu di tɛstikul dɛn (ɔkitis). Bɔku tɛm dis kin bi bikɔs ɔf baktriyal infεkshɔn (e.g. infεkshɔn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs), ɔ i kin bi bak bay wan vayral infεkshכn lεk mכmp.
• Gi kemotɛrapi ɔ redyushɔn tɛrapi to di tɛstikul dɛn.
• Sɔm kayn kansa dɛn.
• Anabolic stεrɔyd yus.

Di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt sɛkɔndari haypogonadism

sεkכnd haypogonadism de kכz fכ kכndishכn dεm we de afekt di wok we di haypothalamus εn/כ pituitary gland de du. Dɛn kɔl dis haypogonadotropik haypogonadism.dεn kכl am bak "lכw tεstostεron" biכs di lεvεl dεm fכ di כmon dεm `LH` εn `FSH` dכn lכw ya. dis lכw lεvεl dεm de mek di tεstostεron εn sεl prodakshכn dכn.

Di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin bɔn am:

• Isolεt haypogonadotropik haypogonadism (lכw GnRH lεvεl frכm we dεn bכn am) .
• Kallmann syndrome (di jεnεtik kכndishכn we nכ kin apin, we nכ de fεl fכ divεlכp nεv sεl dεm na di haypothalamus we de prodyuz GnRH. Lכs fכ smεl kin apin bak)
• Prader-Willi syndrome (na wan rare jenɛtik mɔlti-sistim disɔda we kin ambɔg di wok we di haypothalamus de du) .

Di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt dis sik:

• Hypopituitarism (dis kin bi bikɔs ɔf wan pituitary tumor (adenoma), infekshɔn, injury, redyushɔn tɛrapi, ɔ ɔpreshɔn) .
• Hyperprolactinemia (di lɛvɛl we di ɔmon prolaktin de go ɔp) .
• Ayɔn we pasmak na di bɔdi (Hemochromatosis) .
• Bren ɔ ed injury
• Di sik we dɛn kɔl Cushing in syndrome
• Sirosis na di liva
• Kidni we nɔ de wok fayn
• HIV/AIDS
• Dizayd fɔ yuz rɔm
• Dayabitis we dɛn nɔ kin kɔntrol fayn
• Fat pasmak (we yu fat pasmak) .
• Obstruktiv slip apnɛa
• Sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn (e.g. ɛstrojen, drɔgs we de chenj yu maynd, mɛtoklɔpramid, opioid, sɔm drɔgs fɔ prɔstat kansa)

Let-onset haypogonadism (LOH) na wan kayn sεkכnd haypogonadism we kin apin wit nכmal εj. as man dεm de ol, di tεstostεron εn/כ sεl prodakshכn de dכn bikoz fכ di haypothalamic-pituitary fכnshכn εn di Leydig sεl fכnshכn we de dכn.

LOH ɛn lɔw tɛstostɛron na tin we kin apin to man dɛn we gɛt tayp 2 dayabitis, we gɛt bɔku bɔku bɔdi, ɛn/ɔ we fat pasmak.

Insay wan stכdi, 30% pan di man dεm we bin ova wet bin gεt lכw tεstostεron lεvεl, we yu kכmpεr to כnli 6% pan di man dεm we nכmal wet. Insay wan ɔda stɔdi, 25% pan di man dɛn we gɛt tayp 2 dayabitis bin gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron lɛvɛl, we yu kɔmpia am wit 13% pan di man dɛn nɔmɔ we nɔ gɛt dayabitis.

Aw yu go no fɔ tru if yu gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron?

If yu gɛt sayn dɛn we de sho se yu nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ tɛstostɛron, dɔktɔ go du yu bɔdi ɛgzam. Dɛn go aks yu kwɛstyɔn bak bɔt yu mɛdikal histri, mɛrɛsin wae yu de tek ɔr dɔn tek, if yu de smok, ɛn ɛni sik wae de sho yu naw. Dɔn dɛn go ɔda fɔ mek dɛn du bɔku blɔd tɛst.

Fɔ mek yu no if yu gɛt di sik, di dɔktɔ go tink bɔt di sayn dɛn we yu gɛt ɛn di tin dɛn we yu go du fɔ chɛk yu blɔd.

Us kayn tɛst dɛn kin du?

dis tεst dεm kin εp fכ kכnfכm lכw tεstostεron εn fכ fכn di kכz:

• di tכtal tεstostεron lεvεl bכdi tεst: Dis kin nid fכ tek tu blכd sεmpl bitwin 8 εn 10 a.m., biכs na da tεm de tεstostεron lεvεl de hכy pasmak. Yu fɔ tɛl yu dɔktɔ if yu dɔn sik ɔ yu jɔs dɔn wɛl frɔm wan sik. If ɛnitin apin we nɔ izi fɔ du, di tin dɛn we kin apin kin rili smɔl.
• Luteinizing hormone (LH) blood test: Dis kin ɛp fɔ no if prɔblɛm wit di pituitary gland na in de mek di tɛstostɛron nɔ bɔku.
• Prolaktin blɔd tɛst: If yu gɛt ay prolaktin lɛvɛl, dat kin bi sayn fɔ prɔblɛm ɔ tumbu na di pituitary gland.

Wetin na di tritmɛnt fɔ lɔw tɛstostɛron?

Dɔktɔ dɛn kin trit di lɔw tɛstostɛron wit Tɛstostɛron Riplesmɛnt Tɛrapi (TRT) . Bɔku we dɛn de fɔ du dis:

• Testosterone gel (we dɛn kin put pan di skin): Dɛn fɔ put dis jel ɛvride pan klin, dray skin lɛk aw yu dɔktɔ tɛl yu. di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl na dat, nɔ mek di jel kam in kɔntakt wit ɛni ɔda pɔsin tru di skin. Dis na di we aw dɛn kin yuz mɔ na Amɛrika.
• Intramuscular testosterone injection: Yu ɔ dɔktɔ kin gi yu dis injɛkshɔn insay wan mɔsul ɛvri 1-2 wik. I gɛt bak tɛstostɛron injɛkshɔn dɛn we de wok fɔ lɔng tɛm we dɛn kin gi ɛvri 10 wik. Injεkshכn dεm de bak we dεn kin gi כnda di skin.
• Testosterone patch (skin patch): Yu fɔ put dis pat pan di skin ɛvride lɛk aw yu dɔktɔ tɛl yu. di say we dɛn de yuz am fɔ de rɔta ɔltɛm fɔ mek di skin nɔ riakshɔn.
• di tεstostεron pεlεt (subcutaneous): wan spεshal pεlεt go implant dεn pεlεt dεm ya כnda di skin fכ tri to siks mכnt. dis dεm de gi wan stedi dכz fכ tεstostεron fכ lכng tεm.
• Buccal testosterone tablets: Dis na stika tablɛt dɛm we dɛn kin put pan di gɔm tu tɛm insay di de. di tεstostεron de kכmכt kwik kwik wan insay di bכdi tru di gכm.
• Testosterone nasal gel: Dɛn fɔ put dis jel pan ɔl tu di nos tri tɛm insay di de.
• Ɔral tɛstostɛron: Dɛn kin gi wan kayn tɛstostɛron we dɛn kɔl undecanoate to man dɛn we nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ tɛstostɛron bikɔs ɔf sɔm mɛrɛsin, lɛk Klinefelter syndrome, ɔ tumor we dɔn pwɛl di pituitary gland.

Bɔt yu nɔ go ebul fɔ gɛt tɛstostɛron riplesmɛnt tɛrapi if yu gɛt histri fɔ ɛni wan pan dɛn sik ya:

• Prɔstat kansa.
• Wan prɔstat lump we dɛn nɔ bin dɔn chɛk. (Ɔlman fɔ mek dɛn chɛk in prɔstat bifo dɛn bigin fɔ tek tɛstostɛron tɛrapi.)
• Brɔst kansa.
• At we nɔ de wok fayn we dɛn nɔ ebul fɔ kɔntrol.
• Obstructive sleep apnea we nɔ gɛt tritmɛnt.

Wetin na di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛm we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de tek di tɛstostɛron riplesmɛnt?

Dɛn tin ya kin apin as sayd ɛfɛkt fɔ dis tritmɛnt:

• Skin we kin gɛt akni ɔ we gɛt ɔyl.
• di ankכl de swεla bikoz fכ sכm sכm wata we de kכmכt na di bכdi.
• di simptom dεm lεk we i at fכ pis bikoz fכ di prכstat stimulashכn.
• Brest we de big ɔ we i de fil pen.
• Di wɔs we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de slip.
• Smɔl smɔl tɛstikul dɛn.
• If yu yuz tɛstostɛron we dɛn put pan di skin, yu kin gɛt skin it ɛn inflamɛns.

Di chenj dɛm we yu kin si na di ripɔt dɛm we dɛn kin gi na di lɛbɔraytri:

• Inkrεs pan prכstat-spεsifi k antijen (PSA).
• Di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we de bɔku.
• di sεl dεm we de kכmכt sכmtεm sכmtεm, we de mek i nכ ebul fכ bεlε (i nכ ebul fכ bכn pikin). Dis impɔtant mɔ fɔ yɔŋ man dɛn we de tray fɔ bɔn pikin.

Yu tink se dɛn kin mek di tɛstostɛron nɔ go dɔŋ?

Dɔktɔ ɛn risecharch dɛn nɔ no yet aw fɔ mek di tɛstostɛron nɔ go dɔŋ, ilɛksɛf na bikɔs ɔf di jɛnɛtik kɔz ɔ di damej pan di tɛstikul, haypothalamus, ɔ pituitary gland.

Bɔt dɛn layf abit ya kin ɛp fɔ mek di tɛstostɛron lɛvɛl nɔmal:

• Fɔ it tin dɛn we gɛt wɛlbɔdi.
• We yu de du ɛksasaiz.
• We yu de kɔntrol yu wet.
• Nɔ yuz rɔm pasmak ɛn tek drɔgs.

Wetin kin apin if yu gɛt smɔl tɛstostɛron? Wetin yu go ɛkspɛkt?

No wan saiz-fit-ɔl sɔlv nɔ de fɔ mek di tɛstostɛron nɔ bɔku. Bɔt if yu kɔntinyu fɔ gi yu di rayt ɔmon riplesmɛnt tritmɛnt, yu go ebul fɔ mek yu want fɔ du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs fayn, yu nɔ go gɛt di sayn dɛn we de sho se yu gɛt pwɛl hat, ɛn yu go gɛt mɔ trɛnk. Tritmεnt kin mek di mכsul dεm εn bon dεnsiti bכku bak.

di man dεm we gεt tεstostεron dεfichεns gεt sכm hכy mכtalman rεt pas man dεm we gεt nכmal tεstostεron lεvεl. כltu, i nכ klia if fכ rεstכr di tεstostεron lεvεl to nכmal lεvεl go ridyus dis inkrεsiv mכtalman rεt. di tritmεnt de fכs fכ mεnεj di simptom dεm, nכto fכ tכk bכt di tεstostεron lεvεl dεm.

pan kes dεm we dεn bכn wit haypogonadism, tεstostεron riplesmεnt tεrapi kin εp bכku tεm fכ mek dεn nכ gεt prכblεm dεm we kכnεkt wit dilay puberty.

Ustɛm yu fɔ go to dɔktɔ bɔt di lɔw tɛstostɛron?

If yu de tek ɔmon riplesmɛnt tɛrapi, i rili impɔtant fɔ go to yu dɔktɔ ɔltɛm fɔ chɛk-ap.

If yu gɛt sayn dɛn we de sho se yu nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ tɛstostɛron, lɛk we yu nɔ want fɔ du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs ɔ yu nɔ de fil wam, tɔk to dɔktɔ. I go chɛk yu ɛn ɔda fɔ mek dɛn chɛk yu blɔd.

If yu pikin nɔ de sho sayn dɛn fɔ se i dɔn rich 14 ia, tɔk to in dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn.

Bɔku pipul dɛn nɔ kin tek di sayn dɛn we de sho se pɔsin nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ tɛstostɛron as nɔmal tin we kin mek pɔsin ol. Bɔt if yu gɛt sɔm sayn dɛn we de afɛkt yu kwaliti fɔ liv, i rili fayn fɔ pe atɛnshɔn to. If yu de gɛt prɔblɛm wit yu tɛstostɛron, go to dɔktɔ fɔ tɔk bɔt aw fɔ trit yu.

Di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl fɔ mɛmba frɔm dis atikul (Take-Home Message)

Lכw tεstostεron na wan kכndyushכn we kin afekt man dεm. I kin mek wi gɛt difrɛn prɔblɛm dɛn na wi bɔdi ɛn maynd. Di bɛst tin fɔ du na fɔ nɔ fred ɔ shem bɔt am, bɔt fɔ go to dɔktɔ fɔ advays. If yu gɛt sɔm sayn dɛm, nɔr dismis dɛm as nɔmal ol ej.

If dɛn no di rayt tin bɔt di sik ɛn gi yu di rayt tritmɛnt, yu go ebul fɔ liv fayn layf. Mɛmba se nɔto yu wangren de, ɛn ɛp de.

` Tɛstostɛron, man ɔmon, haypogonadism, sɛkshɔnal wɛlbɔdi, ɔmon tɛrapi, man in wɛlbɔdi, nɔ gɛt ɛnaji