Sikaani ey'enjawulo okuyiga ebikwata ku mutima gwo! (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT Scan) Ka twogere ku nsonga eno?

Leero tugenda kwogera ku sikaani ey'enjawulo esobola okukulaga bingi ebikwata ku mutima gwo. Kiyitibwa okukebera omutima `CT` (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT scan). Mpozzi omusawo wo akugambye kino okikole, oba wali owuliddeko. Kale ka tulabe kiki kye kiri, engeri gye kikolebwamu, by’olina okumanya nga tonnakifuna, n’ebirungi n’ebibi bye biri.

CT scan y’omutima kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, CT scan y’omutima kika kya njawulo eky’okukebera X-ray ekozesa emisinde gya X-ray egy’enjawulo okuva mu njuyi ez’enjawulo okufulumya ebifaananyi ebitegeerekeka obulungi ennyo, eby’ebitundu bisatu eby’omutima gwo, emisuwa eminene egiguyungako, n’ebitundu ebigyetoolodde.

Abasawo bakozesa tekinologiya wa CT ow'omulembe okukola `Cardiac CT` scan eno. Oluusi, amazzi ag’enjawulo (intravenous (IV) contrast / dye) gafukibwa mu musuwa gwo. Kino kisobozesa ensengekera y’omutima n’emisuwa egyekutteko okulabibwa obulungi. Enkola eno ey’okusika ebitundu ebingi esobozesa abasawo okufuna ebifaananyi eby’omutindo ogwa waggulu ennyo, eby’ebitundu bisatu eby’omutima gwo ogutambula n’emisuwa eminene.

Kiki CT scan y’omutima eyinza okuzuula?

Omusawo wo asobola okutegeera obulungi ebintu bingi ebikwata ku mutima gwo okuva mu sikaani eno. Okugeza nga:

• Embeera y’emisuwa gy’omusaayi (coronary arteries) egigabira omutima gwo omusaayi.
• Engeri ebisenge by’omutima, ebinywa by’omutima ne valve z’omutima gye bikolamu.
• Obutonde bw'emisuwa gy'amawuggwe .
• Oba waliwo obuzibu ku musuwa gw'ekifuba oluusi n'omusuwa gw'olubuto .
• Ensawo ekuuma okwetooloola omutima (pericardium) .

Olw’okuba bino byonna bisobola okulabibwa obulungi ennyo ku sikaani eno, kijja kuba kya muyambi nnyo omusawo okusalawo obulungi ku bulamu bw’omutima gwo.

Ddi lwe kyetaagisa okukeberebwa CT scan y’omutima?

CT scan y’omutima esobola okuwa data enzijuvu era entegeerekeka okusinga okukebera okulala okw’ebifaananyi. Waliwo ensonga eziwerako lwaki omusawo ayinza okulagira sikaani eno. Ka tulabe kiki kye bali:

• Manya ekikuleetera okulumwa mu kifuba oba okussa obubi.
• Kebera emisuwa gy’omutima gwo okulaba oba temuli calcium oba plaque buildup , okufunda, oba okuzibikira.
• Kebera enkola ya valve z’omutima gwo.
• Kebera oba tewali buzibu bwonna ku musuwa gwo, gamba ng’emisuwa oba okusalako .
• Okulongoosa omutima muggule obaTegeka okulongoosa omutima mu ngeri etali ya kuyingirira nnyo/robotic.
• Tegeka enkola za transcatheter/percutaneous valve .
• Tegeka enkola z'okuggyamu obulwadde bw'omutima olw'obutatambula bulungi mu mutima .
• Kebera ebizibu ebiyinza okubaawo oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa oba okujjanjabibwa ng’okwo.
• Kebera oba olina ekizibu ky'omutima ekizaalibwamu .
• Manya oba waliwo ekizimba oba ekizimba mu mutima oba okwetooloola omutima n’obutonde bwagwo bwe buli.
• Kebera ensawo okwetooloola omutima (pericardium) okulaba oba amazzi gakuŋŋaanyiziddwa (`amazzi`) oba calcium aterekeddwa (`calcification`).

Teebereza, kojja wo buli kiseera alina obulumi mu kifuba, era abasawo tebasobola kuzuula kituufu ekibuleeta. Mu kiseera nga kino, `CT` scan esobola okuwa amawulire mangi ag'omugaso.

Ani akola CT scan y’omutima?

Ebiseera ebisinga, omusawo w’omutima ajja kukuteesa ku CT scan eno ey’omutima. Wabula waliwo ttiimu y’ebyobulamu ey’enjawulo mu kifo we bakolera sikaani okukuyamba. Bbo bali:

• Abakugu: Bano be bantu abakola CT scanner ne bafuna ebifaananyi.
• Ba nurse: Bwe kiba kyetaagisa, ba nurse bajja kuteeka layini ya `IV` mu musuwa mu mukono gwo era bakuwe eddagala.
• Abasawo: Abasawo balondoola sikaani, okwekenneenya ebifaananyi, era ne bawa lipoota (`okutaputa sikaani`).

Okufuna sikaani eno, olina okugenda mu ddwaaliro oba ekifo ekikuguse mu `medical imaging`.

CT scan y’omutima ekola etya?

Kyangu nnyo. Bw’ogalamira ku kitanda kya sikaani, ekitangaala kya X-ray kikwetooloola. Naye tekikuba mubiri gwo. Oyinza okuwulira eddoboozi eriwuuma oba ery’okunyiga ng’ekyuma kikola. Kompyuta egatta ebifaananyi bino ebya sikaani n’ekola ekifaananyi ky’omutima gwo eky’ebitundu bisatu (3D).

Njawulo ki eriwo wakati wa MRI y’omutima ne CT y’omutima?

Oyinza okuba nga wali owulidde ku kukeberebwa kwa MRI y’omutima . MRI y’omutima ne CT y’omutima byombi bisobola okufulumya ebifaananyi ebikwata ku mutima mu bujjuvu, naye waliwo enjawulo ntono wakati w’okukebera kuno kwombi. Ka tulabe kiki kye bali.

• Bw’oyingira munda mu kyuma, ekyuma kya CT kiggule nnyo okusinga ekyuma kya MRI. Kino kitegeeza nti abantu abamu bawulira nga tebafunda nnyo nga bali munda mu kyuma kya MRI.
• MRI scan etwala ekiseera ekiwanvu okusinga CT scan.
• CT scan ekozesa X-ray radiation , naye MRI tekozesa radiation.
• Ekyuma kya CT kisirifu okusinga ekyuma kya MRI.
• Singa oweebwa ekyuma ekiraga enjawulo, CT scan ekozesa ekyuma ekiraga enjawulo ekirimu ayodini , ate MRI ekozesa ekyuma ekiraga enjawulo ekirimu gadolinium .

Kale, omusawo y’asalawo sikaani ki esinga okukusaanira.

Nteeke ntya okugezesebwa kuno?

Olina okugoberera ebiragiro by’omusawo wo ddala ku lunaku olusooka n’olunaku lw’okukeberebwa omutima, ku bikwata ku by’okulya n’okunywa, n’eddagala ly’olina okulekera awo okumira.

Ebikwata ku mmere n’ebyokunywa

• Ku lunaku lw’okukeberebwa, tolya kintu kyonna okumala essaawa nnya oba mukaaga ng’obudde bw’otegese tebunnatuuka . Oyinza okunywa amazzi gokka.
• Tonywa byokunywa byonna ebirimu caffeine olunaku olusooka oba ku lunaku lw’okukeberebwa. Kino kitegeeza nti tewali kaawa, caayi oba ebyokunywa ebiwa amaanyi.
• Tokozesa ddagala lya maanyi oba ddagala lya mmere olunaku olusooka oba ku lunaku lw’okukeberebwa. Bw’oba ​​olina ekibuuzo kyonna ku nsonga eno, buuza omusawo wo.

Ebikwata ku ddagala

• Bw’oba ​​oli muntu awulira obunkenke mu bifo ebifunda, buuza omusawo wo ku ddagala eriyinza okukukuuma ng’oli mukkakkamu ng’osika.
• Tegeeza omusawo wo ku ddagala lyonna ly’omira, wadde eddagala eritali lya musawo.
• Tomira Sildenafil (Viagra® oba Revatio®) oba eddagala erifaananako bwe lityo olunaku olusooka oba ku lunaku lw’okukeberebwa, kubanga zino ziyinza okukwatagana n’eddagala ly’ogenda okuweebwa ng’okeberebwa. Buuza omusawo wo ku nsonga eno nakyo.
• Bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde bwa sukaali , buuza omusawo engeri gy’oyinza okutereezaamu eddagala lyo ku lunaku lw’okukeberebwa. Bw’oba ​​olowooza nti ssukaali mu musaayi mutono, tegeeza omusawo amangu ago.

Kiki ky’osuubira ku lunaku lw’okugezesebwa?

Nga tonnaba kukebera mutima gwo, omusawo wo ajja kwagala okumanya ku bintu bino:

• Oli lubuto?
• Olina allergy eri iodine ne/oba shellfish , oba eddagala eddala?
• Mu kiseera kino ofuna obujjanjabi bwa radiation ?
• Bw’oba ​​olina emyaka egisukka mu 60 , oba ng’obadde n’obuzibu mu kibumba emabega, oyinza okwetaaga okwekebeza omusaayi okukebera enkola y’ekibumba kyo nga tonnaweebwa mazzi ga njawulo.

Okwetegekera okukeberebwa CT scan

• Ggyako eby’okwewunda byo obireke awaka.
• Ebintu eby'enjawulo ebikuweereddwa eddwaaliroOlina okwambala gomesi y’eddwaaliro.
• Mpozzi omusawo asobola okukuwa eddagala erikendeeza ku kukuba kw'omutima .
• Singa oweebwa amazzi aga contrast (dye), nnansi ajja kuteeka layini ya IV mu musuwa mu mukono gwo. Amazzi gano ge gafuula emisuwa gyo n’omutima okulabika obulungi ku bifaananyi bya sikaani.
• Ojja kukolebwa okugalamira ku kitanda eky’enjawulo, era ekitanda kijja kusengulwa mpola okutuuka ku kifo ekyekulungirivu wakati mu CT scanner.
• Omusawo ajja kuyonja ebitundu nga bisatu mu kifuba kyo n’abisiigako obutundutundu obutonotono obukwatagana n’obusannyalazo . Okukakasa nti obuuma buno bukwata bulungi, kiyinza okwetaagisa okusalako enviiri ezimu ku kitundu ekyo eky’ekifuba kyo.
• Electrodes zino ziyungibwa ku electrocardiogram (EKG) monitor , ewandiika amasannyalaze g’omutima gwo ng’okeberebwa.
• Ojja kusabibwa okugalamira ku kitanda kya sikaani ng’emikono gyo giri waggulu w’omutwe okutuusa ng’okukebera kuwedde. Omutwe gwo n’amagulu go bijja kuba wabweru wa sikaani.

Ekisinga obukulu: Kikulu nnyo okusigala ng’osirise mu kiseera kino n’ogoberera ebiragiro n’obwegendereza. Olwo lwokka lw’onoosobola okufuna ebifaananyi ebitegeerekeka obulungi.

Kiki ekibaawo mu kiseera ky’okugezesebwa?

Okukebera omutima mu bujjuvu kuyinza okutwala wakati w’eddakiika 30 ne 60 , nga mw’otwalidde n’obudde bw’okuteekateeka. Kyokka, CT scan yennyini yennyini etwala ekiseera ekiwanvuko katono, okusinga eddakiika nga 10 .

• Ojja kuwulira sikaani eringa donut ng’egenda mu kitanda ky’ogalamidde.
• Singa oweebwa amazzi agalaga enjawulo, omusawo ajja kugakuba empiso ng’ayita mu layini yo eya IV. Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng’olina ebbugumu eritonotono ng’amazzi gatambula mu mubiri gwo. Abantu abamu bayinza okufuna obuwoomi obw’ekyuma mu kamwa okumala sekondi ntono.
• Okusobola okufuna ebifaananyi ebitegeerekeka obulungi, kikulu nnyo okusigala ng’osirise era ogoberere ddala ebiragiro .
• Osobola okwogera ne ttiimu y’ebyobulamu. Era bayinza okukusaba okukwata omukka okumala akaseera katono ennyo .

Kiki ekibaawo oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa?

Omusawo bw’amala okukakasa nti balina ebifaananyi byonna bye beetaaga, ajja kuggyawo layini yo eya IV. Olwo osobola okukyusa n’odda eka.

Oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa, osobola okugenda mu mirimu gyo egya bulijjo n’olya n’okunywa. Kyokka bw’oba ​​omaze okumira eddagala eriweweeza ku bulwadde, kijja kwetaagisa omuntu okujja okukutwala awaka.

Omusawo wo ajja kwogera naawe ku bivudde mu kukeberebwa oba ku lunaku olwo oba mu nnaku ntono.

Waliwo akabi konna akali mu kukeberebwa kuno?

Okukebera CT scan nkola ya bulabe nnyo . Kyokka abantu abamu bayinza okufuna obuzibu obutonotono ku mazzi agalaga enjawulo oba ebintu ebirala ebikozesebwa mu kukebera.

Ekirungo ekiraga enjawulo / langi

• Tekitera kubaawo, abantu abamu bayinza okuba n’obuzibu ku mazzi agalaga enjawulo (agatera okubaamu ayodini). Abantu abamu bayinza okusiiwa, okuziyira, okusesema oba okusiiyibwa ku lususu oluvannyuma lw’okufuyira amazzi ago. Obubonero buno butera okuggwaawo nga tofunye bujjanjabi. Kyokka, zisobola okufugibwa n’eddagala eriweweeza ku histamine, steroids, n’ebiziyiza histamine .
• Tekitera nnyo, alergy ey’amaanyi (anaphylactic reaction) eyinza okubaawo. Kiyinza okuvaako obuzibu mu kussa. Kino kiyinza okutta obulamu, n’olwekyo kyetaagisa obujjanjabi obw’amangu n’eddagala okusobola okufuga obubonero buno.
• Bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde bwa sukaali oba obulwadde bw’ekibumba , oyinza okusabibwa okunywa amazzi ag’enjawulo oluvannyuma lwa sikaani okuyamba okufulumya ayodini mu mubiri gwo.
• Okuva bwe kiri nti ekintu eky’enjawulo ekikozesebwa mu kukebera omutima kisobola okuyita mu mata go , bw’oba ​​oyonsa, kirungi okufulumya amata g’amabeere nga tonnaba kukebera. Olwo omwana wo osobola okuliisa amata ago okumala olunaku lumu oba bbiri oluvannyuma lw’okumusika.

Emisinde gy’amasannyalaze

CT scanners zikozesa X-rays. Waliwo akabi katono nnyo ak’okukwatibwa kookolo okuva mu butangaavu buno okumala ekiseera. Olw’obukuumi bwo, okukwatibwa kwo okw’obusannyalazo kukuumibwa nga kutono. Kyokka, okukuba ebifaananyi (X-rays) kuyinza okuba okw’obulabe eri omwana ali mu lubuto akula, n’olwekyo okukeberebwa kuno tekiba kirungi singa oba oli lubuto . Bwe kiba kyetaagisa, omusawo ajja kukola enteekateeka okukuuma omwana wo.

Eddagala erikendeeza ku kukuba kw’omutima

Singa waweebwa eddagala okukendeeza ku kukuba kw’omutima gwo olw’okukeberebwa, oba bw’oba ​​olina embeera nga asima, omutima okulemererwa, oba obuzibu bw’amawuggwe obutawona (COPD) , oyinza okukaluubirirwa okussa mu kiseera ky’okusika. Kikulu nnyo okutegeeza omusawo wo bw’oba ​​olina emu ku mbeera zino.

Biki ebivaamu? Kitegeeza ki?

Ebivaamu biyinza okubaawo ebika bibiri oluvannyuma lwa sikaani: ebivaamu ebya bulijjo n’ebivaamu ebitali bya bulijjo.

Ebivaamu ebya bulijjo

• Omutima gwo n'emisuwa birabika nga bya bulijjo .
• Obukodyo bwo obwa kalisiyamu buli ziro (`0`). Ekyo kitegeeza nti tolina bulwadde bwa coronary artery disease , era olina emikisa mitono egy’okulwala omutima.

Ebivaamu ebitali bya bulijjo

• Waliwo ebifo ebirimu amasavu (plaque) n’okufunda (stenosis) mu misuwa gy’omusaayi.
• Okubeera n'obubonero bwa calcium obw'amaanyi kitegeeza nti olina obulwadde bwa coronary atherosclerosis .
• Omuwendo gwa calcium ogwa 100 oba wansi gulaga obubonero obutono obw’obulwadde bw’emisuwa gy’omutima.
• Singa eba waggulu wa 400 , kiraga obubonero obw’obulwadde bw’emisuwa egy’omutima obusaasaanidde.
• Bwe kiba wakati wa 100 ne 400 , waliwo engeri z’omutendera ogw’ekigero.
• Ebiseera ebisinga, omuwendo gwa calcium wo guweebwa nga percentile score , ekubuulira w’oyimiridde bw’ogeraageranya n’abantu abalala ab’emyaka gyo, ekikula kyo, n’amawanga go abakoze ekigezo.
• Enkola y’omutima oba vvaalu tezikola bulungi .
• Obulwadde bw’omutima - okukuŋŋaanyizibwa kw’amazzi mu nsawo okwetooloola omutima (`effusion`) n’okuzimba ekitundu ky’omutima (`pericarditis`).
• Waliwo ekizimba oba ekizimba .
• Waliwo ekizibu ky'omutima ekizaalibwamu .
• Omusuwa gugaziwa (aneurysm) , gulina okukutuka (okusalako) , oba gufunda (stenosis/coarctation) .

Omusawo wo ajja kukunnyonnyola bulungi ebivuddemu bino.

Ddi lwe nnina okuyita omusawo?

Bw’oba ​​owulira ng’olina ekizibu ky’okola ku mazzi oba eddagala erya contrast lye waweebwa mu kukeberebwa, oba bw’oba ​​tofunye bivudde mu CT scan yo ey’omutima oluvannyuma lw’ennaku ntono, kuba essimu y’omusawo.

Ebintu ebikulu by'olina okukuuma mu birowoozo (Take-Home Message)

Totya kukebera mutima oba ekyuma kya CT. Kino kigezo ekitali kya kuyingirira era kiwa omusawo wo amawulire mangi ag’omuwendo ku bigenda mu maaso mu mutima gwo n’ebizimbe ebigyetoolodde.

Okusobola okufuna ebirungi, goberera ebiragiro by’omusawo ku kulya n’okunywa nga tonnakeberebwa. Ate era kakasa nti osigala ng’osirise era ng’okwata omukka ng’okeberebwa.

Okukebera kuno kuyinza okukubuulira bingi ku bulamu bw’omutima gwo, n’olwekyo tolwawo kukikola bwe kiba kyetaagisa. Yogerako n’omusawo wo ku bibuuzo byonna oba ebikweraliikiriza by’oyinza okuba nabyo.

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