Ka tuyige buyige ku nseke y’emabega (posterior pituitary gland).

Wali weebuuzizzaako ebitundu by’omubiri gwaffe ebitonotono bimeka ebikola emirimu mingi bwe gityo? Leero tugenda kwogera ku nseke entono ennyo ekola ebintu bingi ebyewuunyisa. Kiyitibwa ekitundu ekiyitibwa pituitary gland. Okusingira ddala, tugenda kussa essira ku kitundu eky’emabega eky’endwadde eyo, ``Posterior Pituitary``.

Ensigo eno ey’omu lubuto (pituitary gland) kye ki? Kiki eky’enjawulo ku kitundu eky’emabega?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, endwadde ya pituitary gland ntono eringa entangawuuzi, esangibwa wansi w’obwongo bwaffe, wansi w’ekitundu ekiyitibwa hypothalamus. Kitundu kikulu nnyo mu nkola yaffe ey’endocrine. Teebereza, wadde nga ntono, efuga obusimu bungi obusinga obukulu mu mubiri gwaffe.

Waliwo ebitundu bibiri ebikulu eby’endwadde eno eya pituitary:

1. Ekitundu eky’omu maaso

2. Posterior Lobe - Kino kye twogerako leero, ``Posterior Pituitary``.

Ensigo ya pituitary ekola era n’efulumya obusimu obuwerako. Kyokka, ekitundu ky’omubiri ekiyitibwa posterior pituitary kya njawulo. Etereka n’okufulumya obusimu bubiri bwokka ku busimu obukolebwa enseke z’omubiri (pituitary gland) nga bwe kyetaagisa. Obusimu buno obubiri bwe buno:

• Ekirungo kya oxytocin
• Eddagala eriziyiza omusulo (ADH), era eriyitibwa Vasopressin.

Kati oyinza okuba ng'olowooza nti, "Kale kino hypothalamus kye ki?" Hypothalamus nayo kitundu kya bwongo bwaffe. Kifuga ebintu bingi omuli puleesa, okukuba kw’omutima, ebbugumu ly’omubiri, n’okugaaya emmere. Ekyewuunyisa, enseke y’omubiri (pituitary gland) eyungibwa ku hypothalamus n’akakuta akatono. Kino kiyitibwa ekikolo ky’omubiri ekiyitibwa pituitary stalk. Okuyita mu kikolo kino, hypothalamus n'egamba enseke y'omubiri nti, "Okay, fulumya obusimu obwo kati."

Enkola y’Endocrine System kye ki? Nsaba onnyonnyole katono.

Ekibuuzo ekirungi! Enkola y’endwadde z’omubiri (endocrine system) ye mutimbagano gw’endwadde z’omubiri mu mubiri gwaffe ezikola eddagala eriyitibwa obusimu ne lifulumya butereevu mu musaayi.

Obusimu bulinga ababaka abatambuza obubaka munda mu mibiri gyaffe. Zitambula mu musaayi ne zitegeeza ebitundu byaffe, olususu, ebinywa n’ebitundu ebirala eby’okukola ne ddi lwe tulina okukikola.

Endwadde n’ebitundu ebikulu ebikola enkola yaffe ey’omubiri (endocrine system) bye bino:

• Obulwadde bwa Hypothalamus
• Ensigo y’omubiri (Pituitary Gland).
• Endwadde y’ekibumba `(Thyroid)`
• Endwadde za Parathyroid
• Endwadde z’ekibumba
• Ensigo ya pineal
• Olubuto oluyitibwa pancreas
• Enkwaso (mu bakyala) .
• Ensigo (ensigo) (ekisajja) .

Busimu ki obufulumizibwa enseke z’emabega (posterior pituitary gland)? Bakola ki?

Nga bwe twayogeddeko emabegako, enseke z’emabega (posterior pituitary gland) etereka era n’efulumya ebika by’obusimu bibiri ebikulu. Obusimu buno mu butuufu bukolebwa hypothalamus. Naye ziterekebwa ne zifulumizibwa nga zeetaagibwa enseke y’emabega (posterior pituitary gland).

1. Ekirungo ekiziyiza omusulo (ADH) oba Vasopressin:

• Obusimu buno bukulu nnyo. Busimu buno bwe buyamba omubiri okunyiga amazzi ageetaagisa ng’ensigo zaffe zisengejja omusaayi. Mu ngeri ennyangu, ADH eyamba okufuga bbalansi y’amazzi mu mubiri gwaffe.

2. Ekirungo kya oxygen: .

• Mu bakyala, kiyamba mu kuzaala nga kireetera nnabaana okukonziba nga bazaala. Era kisitula amabeere okuvaamu amata. Oxytocin era ekosa enkolagana wakati wa maama n’omwana.
• Mu basajja, obusimu buno era busobola okukosa enkolagana wakati w’abazadde n’abaana. Tekikoma awo, wabula ne oxytocin ayamba okusika ensigo n’amazzi g’ensigo mu maaso ng’omala.

Kale omulimu omukulu ogw’ekitundu ky’omubiri ekiyitibwa posterior pituitary gwe guliwa?

Ekikulu kwe kutereka oxytocin ne antidiuretic hormone (ADH) n’obifulumya ng’akabonero kavudde mu hypothalamus. Hypothalamus esindika obubonero buno okuyita mu bubonero bw’obusimu obujja nga buyita mu kikolo ky’omubiri ekiyitibwa pituitary stalk kye twayogeddeko emabegako.

Posterior Pituitary ekwatagana etya ku bitundu by’omubiri ebirala?

Eno mboozi nnyuvu nnyo. Ekitundu ekiyitibwa posterior pituitary kikwatagana butereevu ne hypothalamus. Kubanga hypothalamus ekola oxytocin ne ADH n’ezibuulira ddi lwe zirina okuzifulumya.

Okwongerezaako:

• Oxytocin akola ne nnabaana, endwadde z’amabeere (amabeere), ne vas deferens mu basajja.
• ADH (antidiuretic hormone) esinga kukola ku nsigo zaffe.

Ekitundu ky’omubiri ekiyitibwa posterior pituitary kisangibwa wa? Kiba kinene kitya?

Ensigo ya pituitary esangibwa wansi w’obwongo bwaffe, emabega w’omutala gw’ennyindo yaffe, wansi ddala wa hypothalamus. Kisangibwa mu kifo ekitono ekiwanvu mu ggumba lya sphenoid. Kino kiyitibwa Sella Turcica.

Ensigo yonna ey’omubiri (pituitary gland) eringa entangawuuzi, nga 1/3 ya yinsi. Posterior pituitary kye kitundu ky’endwadde ekitunudde emabega. Kiba kitono okusinga ekitundu ekiyitibwa anterior pituitary. Ensigo ey’omu maaso ekola ebitundu nga 80% ku buzito bw’ennywanto yonna.

Endwadde ki n’embeera ki ezitera okubeerawo ezikwatagana ne Posterior Pituitary?

Ebizibu ebikulu ebiyinza okubaawo ku kitundu ky’omubiri ekiyitibwa posterior pituitary kwe kufulumya ennyo oba okufulumya obusimu obuyitibwa oxytocin oba antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Embeera zino ezisinga tezitera kubaawo. Ate era ebizimba bisobola okukosa enseke y’emabega, naye era tebitera kubaawo. Ebizimba by’omubiri ebiyitibwa pituitary bisinga kukula mu nseke z’omu lubuto (anterior pituitary gland).

Okufulumya obusimu obuziyiza omusulo (ADH) .

Kino kiva ku kukendeera kw’okukola ADH mu hypothalamus oba okukendeera kw’okufulumya ADH okuva mu nseke y’omubiri (pituitary gland). Kino kitera okuva ku kwonooneka kw’ekitundu ekiyitibwa hypothalamus oba posterior pituitary. Oluusi era kiyinza okuva ku nkyukakyuka mu buzaale. Mu mbeera ezimu, ekivaako tekimanyiddwa.

ADH bw’eba wansi okusinga eya bulijjo, enkizi tezisobola kuddamu kunyiga mazzi mangi nga bwe zeetaaga. Kino kireetera amazzi amangi okufuluma mu musulo (omusulo gufuuka omugonvu), ekikendeeza ku bungi bw’amazzi mu musaayi n’okwongera ku bungi bwago.

Obutabeera na ADH kiyinza okuvaako obuzibu obutatera kulabika mu nkyukakyuka y'amazzi obuyitibwa ``Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI''. Kino tekisaanye kutabulwa na ``Diabetes Mellitus'', kubanga byombi bya njawulo ddala. CDI eyinza okutta obulamu singa tejjanjabiddwa bulungi.

Obubonero bwa CDI bwe buno:

• Okufuka ennyo `(Polyuria)`
• Ennyonta esukkiridde (Polydipsia) .
• Obukoowu (okuzuukuka emirundi egiwerako ekiro okusobola okufulumya omusulo) .
• Okubulwa amazzi mu mubiri

Okufulumya ennyo obusimu obuziyiza omusulo (ADH) .

Kino kiva ku kweyongera kw’okukola ADH mu hypothalamus oba okweyongera kw’okufulumya ADH okuva mu pituitary ey’emabega. Embeera eno eyitibwa `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`. Omuwendo gwa ADH bwe gweyongera, omubiri gukuuma amazzi mangi nnyo. Olwo omusulo ne gufuuka gwa maanyi nnyo, era omusaayi ne gweyongera okufuuka amazzi ne gufuuka omugonvu.

Waliwo ensonga eziwerako lwaki emiwendo gya SIADH ne ADH giyinza okulinnya. Ebimu ku bitera okuvaako ensonga eno mulimu:

• Eddagala erimu (e.g., eddagala erimu erijjanjaba sukaali ow’ekika eky’okubiri, eddagala ly’okusannyalala)
• Okulongoosa okwakolebwa nga bakozesa eddagala eribudamya abantu bonna
• Obuzibu mu bwongo (obuvune, yinfekisoni, okusannyalala) .
• Okulongoosa obwongo nga kuzingiramu ekitundu ekiyitibwa hypothalamus

Obubonero bw’okweyongera kw’omuwendo gwa ADH butera okuva ku muwendo gwa sodium omutono mu musaayi. Obubonero bw’okulaga nti sodium mu musaayi mutono mulimu:

• Okuziyira n’okusiiyibwa
• Okulumwa omutwe (okulumwa omutwe) .
• Okufiirwa bbalansi (kiyinza okugwa) .
• Enkyukakyuka mu birowoozo (okutabulwa, okubulwa okujjukira) .

Okufulumya obubi eddagala lya Oxytocin

Eno mbeera ya bbula nnyo.Omuwendo gwa oxytocin bwe gukka wansi wa bulijjo, nnabaana alekera awo okukonziba ate amata ne gaggwaamu amaanyi ng’azaala. Wadde nga tekitera kubaawo, ekisinga okuvaako kino y’embeera eyitibwa ``Panhypopituitarism.'' Kino bwe kiba nti emiwendo gy’obusimu bwonna mu nseke z’omubiri (pituitary gland) giba wansi okusinga ku gya bulijjo.

Okufulumya ennyo eddagala lya Oxytocin

Kino nakyo tekitera kubaawo nnyo. Kino kiyitibwa obutwa bwa oxytocin. Omuwendo gwa oxytocin bwe guba gusinga ku gwa bulijjo, nnabaana akola ekisusse. Ebinywa bya nnabaana byeyongera (hypertrophy), era tewabaawo kifo kimala omwana mu nnabaana, ekiyinza okukomya olubuto.

Waliwo okukeberebwa kwonna okuyinza okukebera obulamu bw’endwadde zange ez’emabega?

Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero obukwatagana n’obuzibu ku nseke y’emabega, omusawo wo ayinza okulagira okukeberebwa emiwendo gya ADH ne/oba oxytocin.

• Okukebera omusaayi gwa ADH kuyinza okuyamba okuzuula obutaba na ADH oba okuyitiridde n’okuzuula ekivaako.
• Omuwendo gwa oxytocin gwo gusobola okukeberebwa mu mazzi ag’enjawulo, gamba ng’amalusu, omusaayi, plasma, omusulo, n’amazzi g’omu bwongo.

Singa ebyava mu kukeberebwa tebiba bya bulijjo, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okukeberebwa ebifaananyi, gamba nga MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), okutunuulira endwadde yo ey’omu lubuto.

Ddi lwe nnina okulaba omusawo?

Bwoba olina obubonero bwa `(Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI)` oba `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`, kakasa nti olaba omusawo wo.

Jjukira nti ebizibu by’obulamu ebisinga ebikwata ku buzibu bw’omusuwa ogw’emabega tebitera kubaawo. Naye bw’oba ​​olina obubonero obupya oba obweraliikiriza, kirungi n’oyogera n’omusawo. Bayinza okukola ebigezo ebitonotono ebyangu okukebera obulamu bwo.

Ebintu ebikulu bye tulina okujjukira okuva mu bye twogeddeko (Take-Home Message)

Okay, kale nsuubira kati olina okutegeera okulungi ku kitundu kino ekitono naye nga kikulu nnyo ekiyitibwa ``Posterior Pituitary'' kye twogeddeko leero. Mu ngeri ennyangu:

• Ensigo y’emabega (posterior pituitary) kye kitundu eky’emabega eky’ennywanto y’omubiri (pituitary gland) mu bwongo bwaffe.
• Okusinga kutereka n’okufulumya obusimu bubiri obuyitibwa oxytocin ne antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Obusimu buno bukolebwa ekitundu ekiyitibwa hypothalamus.
• ADH eyamba okufuga bbalansi y'amazzi mu mubiri gwaffe .
• Oxytocin kikulu mu kuzaala, okuyonsa, n’okukwatagana kw’abantu .
• Enkyukakyuka mu busimu buno ziyinza okuvaako obuzibu mu bulamu (wadde nga tezitera kubaawo) nga ``Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI'' ne ``SIADH''.
• Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero bwonna obutali bwa bulijjo, kiba kya magezi okugenda ew’abasawo amagezi.

Ddala emibiri gyaffe gyewuunyisa, si bwe kiri? Kyewunyisa okulowooza nti omulimu munene bwe guyinza okukolebwa n’ekitundu ekitono bwe kiti!

` Ensigo y’omubiri, enseke z’emabega, obusimu, oxytocin, obusimu obuziyiza omusulo, ADH, enkola y’endocrine