Sikaani etunuulira amazzi agali emabega w’ensingo y’omwana wo: Byonna bikwata ku Nuchal Translucency!

Bwoba oli maama agenda okubeera maama, omusawo wo ayinza okuba nga yakubuulira ku sikaani eno eyitibwa `Nuchal Translucency`. Oyinza n’okukiwulira okuva ku mukwano gwo. Sikaani eno ddala kye ki? Kinoonya ki? Kyetaagisa okukikola? Oboolyawo olina ebibuuzo bingi nga bino. Teweeraliikiriranga, buli kimu tujja kukinnyonnyola mu ngeri ennyangu gy’osobola okutegeera.

Nuchal Translucency kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, nuchal translucency ye ultrasound scan ey’enjawulo ekolebwa mu kitundu ekisooka eky’olubuto lwo. Okusinga kitunuulira obuwanvu bw’amazzi g’omu lubuto wansi w’olususu emabega w’ensingo y’omwana wo , oba amazzi amangi agaliwo. Obadde okimanyi nti buli mwana alina amazzi amatono ag’omu lubuto emabega w’ensingo, era nga kya bulijjo ddala ?

Kyokka, abasawo bwe bapimira obungi bw’amazzi gano, basobola okufuna ekirowoozo ku kabi akali mu mwana okuba n’embeera ezimu ez’obutonde oba enkyukakyuka mu buzaale .

Ekikulu kiri nti sikaani eno eya ``NT`` ya kukebera kwokka . Kwe kugamba, tezuula mwana alina embeera yonna. Kiyamba omusawo wo kyokka okusalawo oba omwana ali mu bulabe era bwe kiba bwe kityo, oba kyetaagisa okwongera okwekebejjebwa. Okukifuna?

Sikaani eno eringa etya?

Okay, kati ka tulabe kiki ddala kino `nuchal translucency' scan ky'etunuulira. Nga akozesa sikaani eno, omusawo atunuulira ekifo emabega w'ensingo y'omwana ekiyitibwa `nuchal fold.' Nga bwe nnagambye emabegako, buli mwana alina amazzi emabega w’ensingo. Abasawo bakizudde nti abalongo abalina embeera ezimu ez’obuzaale oba obuzaale bayinza okuba n’amazzi amangi mu kitundu kino eky’ensingo.

Embeera za ngeri ki z’otunuulira okulaba oba waliwo akabi?

Singa amazzi agali emabega w’ensingo gasinga ku ga bulijjo, kiyinza okulaga nti omwana ali mu bulabe bw’okufuna embeera nga:

• Obulwadde bwa Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) : Kino oyinza okuba nga wali owuliddeko. Eno y'embeera sikaani ya `NT` gy'esinga okussa essira.
• Obulwadde bwa Patau (Trisomy 13) .
• Obulwadde bwa Edwards (Obulwadde bwa Edwards - Trisomy 18) .

Bino bye bikulu ebitali bya bulijjo mu nsengekera y’obutonde (chromosomal abnormalities) ebinoonyezebwa. Okugatta ku ekyo, omuwendo gwa `NT` ogweyongedde guyinza okukwatagana n'embeera ezimu ez'omutima ezizaalibwa., ekitegeeza nti era kiyinza okukwatagana n’obulabe obw’okwongera obw’ebizibu ebimu eby’omutima ebizaalibwa. Kale, ebivudde mu sikaani ya `NT` bisobola okuwa endowooza enkambwe oba omwana alina emikisa mingi oba emitono okuba n'embeera zino.

Ekirala mu kiseera kino ekya ``NT`` scan, abasawo era bakebera ebitundu by'omubiri ebiwerako ebikulu eby'omubiri gw'omwana ogukula. Ng’ekyokulabirako, bakebera oba ekiwanga, obwongo, ebitundu by’omubiri, n’ebyenda by’omwana bikula bulungi. Singa ebitali bya bulijjo bizuulibwa mu kiseera kya sikaani ya ``NT``, era kiyinza okwongera ku bulabe bw'embeera z'obuzaale oba enzimba.

NT scan ekolebwa ddi?

Kino nakyo kizibu eri bamaama bangi. Sikaani ya `NT` ekolebwa wakati wa wiiki 11 ne wiiki 13 n'ennaku 6 ng'oli lubuto. Mu ngeri endala, kikolebwa ng’obuwanvu okuva ku mutwe gw’omwana okutuuka wansi (kino kiyitibwa `Crown-Rump Length - CRL`) buli wakati wa milimita 45 ne 84 .

Lwaki kikolebwa mu kiseera kino ekigere ? Ensonga eri nti oluvannyuma lwa wiiki 14, omwana bw’akula, amazzi agali emabega w’ensingo gatandika okuyingizibwa okudda mu mubiri gw’omwana. Olwo kiba kizibu okupima obulungi. Eno y’ensonga lwaki abasawo bawa amagezi okukola sikaani ya ``NT`` mu kiseera kino ekigere. Sikaani eno eya ``NT`` etera okukolebwa ng'ekimu ku bigenda okukeberebwa mu kiseera ky'okusatu ekisooka .

Ekintu kino eky’okukebera mu lubuto olusooka kye ki?

Ekisanja kino oyinza okuba nga wali owuliddeko emabegako. ``First Trimester Screening Kit'' (oluusi eyitibwa ``Combined Sequential Screening'') ye nsengeka y'ebigezo ebikebera obulabe bw'omwana okufuna embeera ezimu ez'obuzaale , kwe kugamba, embeera ezibeerawo ng'azaalibwa.

Ng’oggyeeko okukebera NT, n’omusaayi gukuggyibwako . Okukebera omusaayi kuno kuyamba okwekenneenya obulabe bw’omwana wo okubeera n’embeera z’obuzaale. Mu butuufu, ebyava mu kukebera omusaayi kuno nga bigattiddwa wamu ne NT scan yokka bituufu nnyo .

Ani yeetaaga okukeberebwa NT scan?

Sikaani ya `NT` esobola okukolebwa omukyala yenna ow'olubuto , naye erina okukolebwa wakati wa wiiki ey'ekkumi n'emu n'ey'ekkumi n'ettaano eyogeddwako emabegako. Kino si kigezo kya kiragiro, kya kwesalirawo .

Kyokka abasawo bangi bagamba kino kubanga kiyinza okukuyamba okuzuula akabi konna nga bukyali. Kirungi okwogera n’omusawo wo n’osalawo okusinziira ku buli kukebera ky’egenda okunoonya n’ebirungi n’ebibi.

Sikaani ya NT ekolebwa etya?

Kino nakyo kyangu nnyo. NT scan ekolebwa mu ngeri y’emu nga ultrasound scan eya bulijjo. Ebiseera ebisinga, kiba kya ‘ultrasound’ mu lubuto.Ekimu kikoleddwa. Wabula oluusi okugeza, singa kiba kizibu okufuna ekifaananyi ekitegeerekeka obulungi olw’embeera nnabaana yo oba omwana gy’ali, nakyo kiyinza okukolebwako sikaani okuyita mu bukyala (vaginal ultrasound) .

Nga tebannaba kukola sikaani, omusawo oba omukugu mu kusika ajja kukusiiga eddagala lya ‘ultrasound gel’ mu lubuto lwo. Olwo, ekyuma ekitono eky’omu ngalo ekiyitibwa transducer kijja kutambuzibwa waggulu w’olubuto lwo. Ebifaananyi by’omwana wo bijja kulagibwa ku monitor. Olwo obuwanvu bw’amazzi agali emabega w’ensingo y’omwana wo bujja kupimibwa mu milimita . Tojja kuwulira bulumi bwonna mu kiseera kino.

Ebyava mu NT scan bibalirirwa bitya?

Obulabe butera obutabalirirwa okusinziira ku muwendo okuva mu sikaani ya NT yokka. Omusawo wo ajja kugatta ku bivudde mu kukeberebwa kwo kwonna okw’omu lubuto olusooka okubala akabi kwo okutwalira awamu ak’omwana wo okuba n’embeera y’obuzaale.

Nze nnagambye emabegako nti okukola okukebera omusaayi wamu ne NT scan kyongera obutuufu bw’ebivuddemu. Kale, emirundi egisinga, ebiva mu byombi, emyaka gyo , mpozzi oba eggumba ly’ennyindo ly’omwana lirabika (kino nakyo kikozesebwa okulaba akabi k’obulwadde bwa Down syndrome), bitunuulirwa nga bakuwa obubonero obusembayo obw’akabi.

Lwaki ebivaamu biyitibwa "akabi"?

Ekivaamu ky'ofuna kitera okulagibwa ng'akabi ak'okubala . Okugeza, ebyavaamu byo biyinza okugamba nti "1 in 300 chance." Kino kitegeeza nti ku balongo 300 abalina obubonero bwa `NT` n'ebivudde mu kukeberebwa ebirala nga ggwe, 1 yekka ku buli 300 y'ajja okuba n'embeera eno ey'obuzaale.

• Singa amazzi gaba ga bulijjo : Kino kitegeeza nti obulabe bw'embeera y'obuzaale buba butono .
• Singa obungi bw’amazzi buba bungi : Kitegeeza nti waliwo obulabe obw’amaanyi obw’embeera y’obuzaale oba ey’obuzaale.

Lowooza ku kino, singa bakugamba nti akabi k’okutomerwa mmotoka ng’otambula mu kkubo kali 1 ku buli 1000, ekyo tekitegeeza nti ddala ojja kukubwa. Kino bwe kityo bwe kiri. Wadde ng’akabi kali waggulu, tekitegeeza nti ddala omwana ajja kuba n’ekizibu.

Ekikulu nti omusawo tajja kukola kuzuula bulwadde okusinziira ku bivudde mu sikaani ya `NT`. Bino bigezo bya kusooka byokka. Singa omuwendo gwa `NT` guba munene, omusawo wo oba omukugu mu kubuulirira ku buzaale ajja kukunnyonnyola ku kukeberebwa okulala. Mu mbeera nnyingi, ne bwe kiba nti omuwendo gwa `NT` guli waggulu, guyinza obutakwatagana na mbeera ya chromosomal oba genetic. Eno y’ensonga lwaki bulijjo kirungi okwekebeza ebirala.

Sikaani ya NT ntuufu etya?

Singa okola sikaani ya `NT` yokka, ejja kuzuula embeera nga `Down syndrome (Trisomy 21)` mu bitundu nga 70% .Kisobola okuzuulibwa. Wabula abasawo bangi bagatta sikaani ya ``NT`` n'okukebera omusaayi okwayogeddwako waggulu. Olwo, obutuufu bw’okuzuula embeera zino bweyongera okutuuka ku bitundu nga 95% . Ekyo kitundu kya waggulu nnyo, nedda?

Waliwo akabi konna akali mu sikaani eno?

Nedda.Nuchal translucency kigezo kya bulabe butono nnyo . Kiba ng’okukebera amaloboozi aga bulijjo. Tekijja kukukolako bulabe wadde omwana wo.

Kiki ekibaawo singa ebyava mu NT scan tebiba bya bulijjo?

Wano bamaama bangi we bafuna okutya. Njagala okuddamu okukujjukiza nti sikaani ya `NT` eraga bulabe bw'omwana okuba n'embeera ezimu yokka. Kale, singa ebyava mu sikaani yo biba bya bulijjo, ekitegeeza nti omuwendo gwa `NT` guli waggulu, tosattira .

Olwo omusawo wo ajja kukubuulira ku kukeberebwa okuwerako okuzuula obulwadde . Ebigezo bino mulimu:

• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) : Kino kizingiramu okuggya akatundu akatono mu nnabaana yo n’akakebera embeera z’obuzaale. Kino kitera okukolebwa wakati wa wiiki 10 ne 13 ng’oli lubuto.
• Amniocentesis : Kino kikolebwa luvannyuma katono mu lubuto, ebiseera ebisinga oluvannyuma lwa wiiki 15. Kino kizingiramu okukozesa empiso okuggyamu amazzi amatono agayitibwa amniotic fluid mu nnabaana wo. Amazzi gano galimu obutoffaali bw’omwana, era obutoffaali buno busobola okukeberebwa okuzuula obuzibu mu buzaale oba yinfekisoni.

Okuva mu bivudde mu kukebera kuno kwe tusobola okumanya obulungi oba omwana alina embeera ezimu oba nedda .

Okugatta ku ekyo, singa omuwendo gwa `NT` guba mungi, omusawo ayinza n'okulagira sikaani eyitibwa fetal echocardiogram okutunuulira mu ngeri ey'enjawulo omutima gw'omwana, kubanga omuwendo gwa `NT` ogutali gwa bulijjo guyinza okukwatagana n'obulema obumu obw'omutima gw'omwana mu lubuto.

Totya! Ekisinga obukulu kiri nti...

Olw’okuba ebyava mu NT scan yo si bya bulijjo tekitegeeza nti omwana wo alina ekizibu. Tofaayo, tosattira . Omusawo wo ajja kukola okukebera okusingawo, oba okunoonya obubonero bw’ekizibu ekirala ku ultrasound oba omusaayi gwo. Bayinza okukusindika ew'omubuulirizi ku by'obuzaale . Mu ngeri eyo, osobola okumanya ebisingawo ku mbeera zino, akabi kazirimu, n’okukeberebwa okulala okuliwo.

Omuwendo gwa NT ogwa bulijjo kye ki?

Omuwendo gw’amazzi agali emabega w’ensingo y’omwana gweyongera katono ng’olubuto lugenda mu maaso. Kino kitegeeza nti omuwendo gwa wakati ku wiiki 13 guyinza okuba waggulu katono okusinga omuwendo ogwa wakati ku wiiki 11.

Ebitongole by’ebyobujjanjabi eby’enjawulo biraga emitendera gya NT egy’enjawulo katono okusobola okukeberebwa okw’enjawulo. Bino byesigamiziddwa ku muwendo gwa NT awamu n’emyaka gy’olubuto.

Wabula mu mbuto ezisinga obungi, singa omuwendo gwa NT guba waggulu wa mm 3 oba mm 3.5 , kirungi okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku kubudaabudibwa kw’obuzaale n’okukeberebwa okulala. Kyokka kino kya mugaso gwokka, era omusawo ajja kukuwa amagezi agasinga obulungi okusinziira ku mbeera gy’olimu.

Okukebera NT mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo kitegeeza nti omwana alina obulwadde bwa Down syndrome?

Nedda, si bwe kiri n’akatono . Ekyava mu kukebera nuchal translucency scan ekitali kya bulijjo tekitegeeza nti ddala omwana ajja kuba n’obulwadde bwa Down syndrome oba embeera endala ey’obuzaale. Kitegeeza kyokka nti omwana ali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi oba atera okuba n’embeera ng’eyo.

Ne bwe kiba nti omuwendo gwa NT gwa bulijjo, abasawo bayinza okwagala okukebera omusaayi nga kwotadde ne NT scan kubanga kino kiyinza okuwa okwekenneenya okutuufu okw’akabi kwo. Mu mbeera ezimu, kyetaagisa okwongera okukeberebwa nga tonnazaala okuzuula oba omwana wo asobola okuzaalibwa n’embeera y’obuzaale.

Kitwala bbanga ki okumanya ebivaamu?

Emirundi egisinga, omusawo asobola okukubuulira ebyava mu kukebera NT ultrasound ku lunaku lwe lumu . Kino kitegeeza nti obungi bw’amazzi agali emabega w’ensingo busobola okupimibwa era omuwendo gusobola okumanyibwa ku lunaku lwe lumu.

Wabula ebiva mu kukeberebwa omusaayi okukolebwa n'okukebera ``okukebera mu kiseera ekisooka'' bisobola okutwala ennaku ntono oba wiiki emu oba bbiri okudda . Abasawo bangi balinda ebivuddemu bino byonna nga tebannaba kubala oba omwana ali mu bulabe oba nedda. Olwo lwe banaakunnyonnyola ekifaananyi mu bujjuvu.

N’ekisembayo, obubaka obutwala awaka

Sikaani ya ``Nuchal Translucency (NT)'' kwe kukebera okusookerwako okukulu okuyamba okuzuula obulabe bw'omwana okubeera n'embeera ey'obuzaale oba ey'obuzaale.

• Kino kigezo kya kukebera kwokka , so si kukebera kuzuula.
• Teweeraliikiriranga singa ebivaamu biba tebitera kubaawo. Kitegeeza kyokka nti kyetaagisa okwongera okukeberebwa.
• Wakyaliwo omukisa nti ojja kuzaala omwana omulamu obulungi .
• Yogerako n’omusawo wo n’obwegendereza ku bitegeeza ebyava mu kukeberebwa kwo n’eky’okuddako.
• Okwogera n’omubuulirizi w’obuzaale n’okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku birungi n’ebibi ebiri mu kukeberebwa mu biseera eby’omu maaso kijja kukuyamba nnyo.

Nsuubira nti amawulire gano gakuyambye okufuna okutegeera okulungi ku NT scan. Totya kubuuza musawo wo bibuuzo byonna oba ebikweraliikiriza by’oyinza okuba nabyo.

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