Omusaayi gwo guli gutya? Ka tukizuule mu ngeri ennyangu!

Singa omuntu akubuuza ekika ky’omusaayi gwo, wandisobodde okuddamu? Mpozzi omanyi, mpozzi nga tomanyi. Abantu bangi balowooza nti ekika ky’omusaayi nnukuta yokka nga A, B, O. Naye mu butuufu kizibu nnyo okusinga ekyo, era era kikulu nnyo eri obulamu bwaffe. Kale leero, ka twogere ku bika by’omusaayi bino, nga byangu ng’okwogera ne mukwano gwo.

Ebika by’omusaayi bino mu butuufu bitegeeza ki?

Ffenna tulina ebitundu ebikulu bye bimu mu musaayi gwaffe. Naye omusaayi gwa buli muntu si gwe gumu. Waliwo ebika by’omusaayi ebikulu 8. Ekika ky’omusaayi gw’ofuna kisalibwawo obuzaale bw’osikira okuva ku maama wo ne kitaawo.

Mu ngeri ennyangu, omusaayi gwo gwa njawulo ku gw’omuntu omulala olw’obutoffaali obw’enjawulo obuli kungulu ku butoffaali bwo obumyufu. Mu busawo, tuyita antigens zino . Waliwo n’ekika kya puloteyina ekirala eky’enjawulo mu plasma, ekitundu eky’amazzi eky’omusaayi gwaffe, ekiyitibwa antibodies . Ekika ky’omusaayi gwo kizuulibwa okusinziira ku ngeri antigens ezo ne antibodies gye zigatta.

Omusaayi si mazzi mamyufu gokka. Kirina ebitundu ebiwerako:

• Obutoffaali obumyufu: butambuza omukka gwa oxygen mu mubiri gwonna.
• Obutoffaali obweru: Lwanyisa obuwuka obuleeta endwadde.
• Platelets: Ziyamba okukomya okuvaamu omusaayi nga zikola ebizimba by’omusaayi nga waliwo obuvune.

Ebika by’omusaayi ebikulu n’okukwatagana kwabyo

Kati katutunuulire ebika by’omusaayi bino ebikulu 8 kye biruwa n’engeri gye bikwataganamu. Okukwatagana kuno kukulu nnyo ng’owaayo omusaayi n’okufuna omusaayi.

Jjukira bye nnayogera ku antigens A ne B eziri kungulu ku butoffaali obumyufu? Ekyo kye tuyita enkola ya ABO . Okugatta ku ekyo, waliwo antigen endala enkulu, eyitibwa Rh factor .

• Singa obutoffaali bwo obumyufu buba n’ekirungo kya Rh, ekika ky’omusaayi gwo kiba ‘positive’ (+) . (Ekyokulabirako: A+, B+)
• Singa obutoffaali bwo obumyufu tebulina nsonga ya Rh, ekika ky’omusaayi gwo kiba ‘negative’ (-) . (Ekyokulabirako: A-, O-)

Ebika by’omusaayi ebikulu 8 bikolebwa okugatta kwa ABO ne Rh.

"Omugabi wa bonna" ne "Omuganyulwa wa bonna".

Bw’otunuulira emmeeza ojja kulaba ng’omuntu alina omusaayi gwa type O negative (O-) asobola okuwaayo omusaayi eri omuntu alina ekika kyonna eky’omusaayi. Eno y'ensonga lwaki omusaayi ogw'ekika kya O- guyitibwa "Universal Donor." Bwe waba tewali budde kuzuula mangu musaayi gw’omulwadde, gamba nga mu mbeera ey’amangu, omusaayi gwa O- gutera okuweebwa.

Ekirala, omuntu alina ekika ky’omusaayi ekya AB positive (AB+) asobola okufuna omusaayi okuva mu kika ky’omusaayi kyonna. N'olwekyo, ekika ky'omusaayi ekya AB+ kiyitibwa "Universal Recipient."

Lwaki okumanya ekika ky’omusaayi gwo kikulu nnyo?

Edda nga 1901 tannatuuka, abasawo baali balowooza nti buli muntu alina omusaayi gwe gumu. N’olwekyo omusaayi gw’omuntu omu bwe gwaweebwa omulala, abantu abamu baalwala nnyo ne bafa. Mu 1901, munnasayansi ayitibwa Karl Landsteiner yazuula enkola eno ey’ekika ky’omusaayi.

Kiki ekibaawo singa ebika by’omusaayi bibiri ebitakwatagana bitabuddwamu? Kuba akafaananyi ng’omuntu alina omusaayi ogw’ekika kya A aweebwa omusaayi ogw’ekika kya B. Omuntu alina omusaayi ogw’ekika kya A alina obutoffaali obuziyiza omusaayi gwa B. Obuziyiza buno bumanyi obutoffaali bwa B obupya obuyingiziddwa nga "omulabe" ne butandika okubulumba. Kino kireetera obutoffaali bw’omusaayi okukwatagana ne buzimba. Kino kiyitibwa agglutination . Kino kiyinza okuvaako ekibumba okulemererwa, okuwuniikirira, n’okufa.

Ebika by’omusaayi ebitatera kulabika n’obulamu

Ng’oggyeeko ebika ebikulu A, B, ne O, waliwo ebikumi n’ebikumi by’ebika by’omusaayi ebirala ebitatera kulabika. Ekyokulabirako kye kika ky’omusaayi ekya Duffy null . Kino kisinga kubeera mu bantu abava mu Afirika n’amawanga g’obuvanjuba bwa Middle East. Ekyewuunyisa abantu abalina ekika ky’omusaayi guno balina obukuumi obumu ku musujja.

Okunoonyereza kuzudde nti waliwo akakwate wakati w’ekika ky’omusaayi gwo n’endwadde ezimu. Ng’ekyokulabirako, abantu abalina omusaayi ogw’ekika kya A, B oba AB kigambibwa nti balina emikisa mingi egy’okulwala omutima okusinga abantu abalina ekika ky’omusaayi O.

Naye jjukira kino: Ekika ky’omusaayi gwo tekitegeeza nti ojja kulwala. Bino bibalo byokka. Engeri gy’obeera, endya yo, ne dduyiro bikukwatako kinene nnyo. Tewali "kika kya musaayi ekisinga bulamu." Ebika by’omusaayi byonna birungi kyenkanyi.

‘Blood Type Diet’ kituufu?

Oboolyawo owulidde ku "endya y'ekika ky'omusaayi." Ye mmere egoberera enteekateeka y’emmere entongole ku buli kika ky’omusaayi. Naye tewali bukakafu bwa ssaayansi bulaga nti erina emigaso gyonna egy’enjawulo eri obulamu. Kale, ekisinga obulungi gy’oli kwe kulya emmere ennungi. Kirungi okwogera n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno.

Lwaki ekika ky’omusaayi kikulu ng’oli lubuto?

Kikulu nnyo okumanya ekika ky’omusaayi gwo ng’oli lubuto naddala ensonga ya Rh .

Teebereza nti maama alina Rh negative (-) , naye omusaayi gw’omwana guli Rh positive (+) ogusikira ku taata. Mu mbeera eno, omubiri gwa maama guyinza okutegeera obutoffaali bw'omusaayi bw'omwana obulina Rh nga "obw'ebweru" ne gutandika okukola obutoffaali obuziyiza endwadde. Embeera eno eyitibwa obutakwatagana bwa Rh .

Wadde nga kino kitera obutakosa lubuto olusooka, mu lubuto olwokubiri, obutoffaali obuziyiza endwadde obukolebwa mu mubiri gwa maama busobola okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bw’omusaayi gw’omwana.

Engeri esinga okumanya ekika ky’omusaayi gwo kwe kwekebeza omusaayi. Bw’oba ​​omugabi w’omusaayi, ekika ky’omusaayi gwo kiwandiikibwa ku kaadi gy’ofuna ng’omaze okugaba omusaayi.