Emisuwa gy’omutima gwo gizibiddwa? Ka twogere ku Coronary Revascularization!

Oluusi owulira ng’ekifuba kikunyiga oba nga kikuluma katono? Oba osanga obuzibu okussa ng’okooye katono? Ebintu bino biyinza okuba obubonero bw’emisuwa mu mutima gwaffe (emisuwa gy’omusaayi) okuzibikira mpolampola. Kiba ng’obucaafu obukuŋŋaana munda mu payipu y’amazzi mu nnyumba yaffe ne bugenda buzibikira mpolampola. Kino bwe kitajjanjabwa, kiyinza n’okuviirako omutima okulwala. Naye teweeraliikiriranga, eddagala ery’omulembe lirina obujjanjabi obukola ennyo ku kino. Leero tugenda kwogera ku nkola y’obujjanjabi esobola okuzuukiza omutima ng’ogwo.

Kino Coronary Revascularization kye ki?

Kino kiyinza okuwulikika ng’ekigambo ekiwanvu era ekyewuunyisa, naye amakulu gaakyo gangu nnyo. "Coronary" kitegeeza emisuwa egyegatta ku mutima. "Revascularization" kitegeeza "okuddamu okuteekawo okutambula kw'omusaayi." Kale, mu ngeri ennyangu, Coronary Revascularization bujjanjabi obuzzaawo okutambula kw’omusaayi mu mutima ng’ekinywa ky’omutima tekifuna musaayi gwe kyetaaga (embeera gye tuyita ischemia mu ddagala) . Oba nga baddamu okuggulawo omusuwa ogwazibiddwa oba nga bakola ekkubo eppya okwetoloola omusuwa oguzibiddwa.

Obujjanjabi buno busobola okukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’omutima gwo oluvannyuma lw’okulwala omutima, era busobola n’okuguziyiza singa oba mu bulabe obw’amaanyi obw’okulwala omutima.

Okusinga twogera ku nkola bbiri ez’obujjanjabi wansi wa kino:

1. Okuyingira mu mubiri (PCI): Kino abantu bangi kye bayita "okuteeka stent." Kino kizingiramu okugenda munda mu musuwa, okuggyawo ekizibikira, n’okukola ekkubo omusaayi mwe guyita, nga tolongooseddwa.

2. Okulongoosa emisuwa gy'omusaayi (CABG): Kino era kimanyiddwa nga "Okulongoosa okuyita mu misuwa." Kino kizingiramu okukola ekkubo eppya (bypass) okwetoloola omusuwa oguzibiddwa nga tukozesa ekitundu ky’omusuwa ekiggiddwa mu kitundu ekirala eky’omubiri.

Ani eyeetaaga obujjanjabi buno?

Omuntu yenna alina omusaayi ogukendedde ku mutima asobola okuganyulwa mu bujjanjabi buno. Ekisinga okuvaako kino bwe bulwadde bw'emisuwa gy'omusaayi . Obulabe bw’embeera eno bweyongera n’emyaka. N’olwekyo, abantu abasukka mu myaka 65 be basinga okwetaaga obujjanjabi buno.

Teebereza, ekintu ekinene ekikoleddwa mu mafuta ne kolesterol (tukiyita plaque) kizimba mpolampola munda mu misuwa gyaffe. Enkola eno eyitibwa okuzimba emisuwa . Kiringa amafuta okusibira mu payipu ya sinki y’omu ffumbiro n’azibikira. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, ekifo kino kifunda emisuwa. Singa olunaku lumu ekifo kino kikutuka, ekizimba ky’omusaayi kiyinza okutondebwa mu kifo ekyo ne kizibikira ddala omusuwa. Wano ekitundu ky’omutima we kilekera awo okufuna omusaayi, ekivaako omutima okulwala.

Kale, eri abantu abalina okuzibikira okw’ekika kino, obujjanjabi buno bukozesebwa okuzzaawo amangu omusaayi nga obutoffaali bw’omutima tebunnafa.

Mbeera ki ezijjanjabwa n’obujjanjabi buno?

Obujjanjabi buno businga kukozesebwa ku mbeera ezigwa mu kiti ky’obulwadde bwa acute coronary syndrome. Ekyo kili:

• Omutima: Okwonooneka kw’ebinywa by’omutima olw’okuzibikira kw’omusuwa mu bwangu.
• Stable Angina: Embeera ng’obulumi mu kifuba bubaawo ng’okola dduyiro, gamba ng’olinnya amadaala, ne bukendeera ng’owummudde.
• Angina etali nnywevu: Embeera ey’akabi emanyiddwa ng’okulumwa mu kifuba okweyongera ne bw’owummudde.

Kiki ekibaawo nga tebannaba kujjanjabwa?

Bw’omala okusalawo okugenda mu bumu ku bujjanjabi buno, abasawo bajja kukola okukeberebwa okuwerako okusobola okwekenneenya obulungi embeera yo n’okuteekateeka obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi.

Okuggyako nga kya mangu, ojja kwetaaga okusiiba okumala essaawa nga 8 nga tonnaba kukola. Nga enkola eno tennatandika, layini ya IV (tube ekuwa omunnyo) ejja kuteekebwa mu musuwa mu mukono gwo. Wano eddagala n’amazzi ebyetaagisa we bigenda okuweebwa omubiri gwo. Ku PCI, ojja kuweebwa eddagala erikkakkanya. Ku kulongoosa CABG bypass, ojja kuteekebwa wansi w’eddagala eribudamya.

Kiki ekibaawo mu kiseera ky’obujjanjabi?

Wadde ng’ekigendererwa ky’enkola zombi eza PCI ne CABG kye kimu, engeri gye zikolebwamu ya njawulo nnyo.

Enkola ya PCI (okuteeka stent).

Wano, omusawo ayingiza ekyuma ekigonvu ennyo, ekigonvu (catheter) mu musuwa omunene, okuyita mu mukono gwo oba mu kisambi. Olwo ttanka eno elagirwa okutuuka ku musuwa oguzibiddwa mu mutima gwo ng’olagirwa okuva mu X-ray.

Ekiddako, akapiira akatono akali ku nkomerero ya ttanka kafuumuulwa mu kifo we wazibikira. Kino kireetera omusuwa ogufunda okugaziwa okuva munda. Kino kiyitibwa balloon angioplasty .

Oluvannyuma, okusobola okukuuma omusuwa ogugaziye obutaddamu kufunda, bateekebwa mu kifo kyayo akasenge akatono ak’ekyuma akakoleddwa ng’akatimba. Kino kye tuyita stent . Stents ezimu zirimu eddagala eriziyiza omusuwa okuddamu okufunda. Zino ziyitibwa stents ezifulumya eddagala . Oluvannyuma lw’omulimu, ttanka eggyibwamu, ne bateeka akatundu akatono we yayingizibwa, era obujjanjabi ne buggwa.

Enkola ya CABG (Okulongoosa mu ngeri ya Bypass).

Eno nkola ya kulongoosa. Omusawo alongoosa asooka kuggya kitundu ky’omusuwa omulamu okuva awalala mu mubiri gwo (ebiseera ebisinga okuva ku kigere kyo, omukono gwo oba munda mu kifuba kyo).

Oluvannyuma lw’ekyo, omutima gutuusibwako mu ngeri bbiri:

• Okulongoosa mu lujjudde: Basalako yinsi eziwera wansi wakati mu kifuba, ne baggulawo eggumba ly’amabeere (sternum) okutuuka ku mutima.
• Okulongoosa okutali kwa maanyi: Kino kizingiramu okusalako akatundu akatono akamu oba okusingawo mu kifuba n’okukozesa kkamera n’ebikozesebwa eby’enjawulo okutuuka ku mutima ng’oyita mu mbavu. Oluusi kino kikolebwa nga bakozesa okulongoosa mu ngeri ya roboti.

Mu kiseera ky’okulongoosebwa, omutima guyinza okuyimirira okumala akaseera ne guyungibwa ku kyuma ekiyita omutima -amawuggwe okukola omulimu. Wabula okulongoosa okumu kukolebwa ng’omutima gukyakuba (off-pump bypass).

Olwo omusawo alongoosa akozesa omusuwa ogwaggyibwako emabegako okukola ekkubo eppya ng’agatta omusuwa oguzibiddwa waggulu ne wansi waagwo. Kiba ng’okutondawo ekkubo eppya eriyita ku luguudo olulimu abantu abangi. Kino kiyita ku kuzibikira ne kisobozesa omusaayi okukulukuta okutuuka mu binywa by’omutima mu kkubo eppya. Bypass bw’emala okuggwa, ekifuba kiggalwa, okusiigibwa emisono, era okulongoosa ne kuggwa.

Kiki ekibaawo oluvannyuma lw’okujjanjabwa?

Ojja kwetaaga ekiseera okudda engulu oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa. Ekiseera kino kisinziira ku kika ky’enkola gye walina (PCI oba CABG) n’obulamu bwo okutwalira awamu. Ebiseera ebisinga, ojja kudda mu mbeera eya bulijjo mu nnaku ntono oluvannyuma lwa PCI. Wabula kiyinza okutwala wiiki eziwera oba n’emyezi oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa CABG.

Mu kiseera ky’okuwona, omusawo wo ayinza okukusindika mu nteekateeka y’okuddaabiriza omutima . Mu nteekateeka zino, abasawo, ba nurse, abasomesa dduyiro, n’abakugu mu by’endya bakolera wamu okukuyamba.

• Dduyiro ki akusaanira?
• Mmere ki gy’osaanidde okulya?
• Omira otya eddagala mu butuufu?
• Oyinza otya okuddamu okubeera n’obulamu obulungi?

Nja kubategeeza ku buli kyogerwa.

Ate era, kyetaagisa nnyo okugenda mu nteekateeka z‟okugoberera eziweebwa omusawo. Okumira eddagala lyo mu budde, okufuga endya yo, n’okugoberera ebiragiro by’omusawo kikulu nnyo okwanguya okuwona n’okutangira embeera eno okuddamu.

Migaso ki n’akabi akali mu bujjanjabi buno?

Nga bwe kiri ku bujjanjabi bwonna, enkola zino zirina emigaso n’akabi.

Birungi ki ebirimu?

• Obusobozi bw’okutaasa obulamu: Obujjanjabi buno butaasa obulamu mu mbeera ng’okulwala omutima.
• Okwetangira omutima okulwala: Singa ozuula nga bukyali emisuwa gyo nga gizibiddwa, osobola okuziyiza omutima okulwala ng’obijjanjaba nga tebinnabaawo.
• Okukuuma enkola y’omutima: Singa ojjanjabwa mangu, okwonooneka kw’ebinywa by’omutima kuyinza okuziyizibwa ddala oba okukendeezebwa.

Obulabe n’ebizibu ebiyinza okuvaamu bye biruwa?

Obulabe businziira ku bujjanjabi, emyaka gyo, n’embeera endala ez’obujjanjabi z’olina (nga ssukaali ne puleesa).

Kinatwala bbanga ki okuwona? Ddi lwe nnaaddamu okulaba omusawo?

Wadde osobola okudda mu bulamu obwa bulijjo mu nnaku ntono oluvannyuma lwa PCI, kiyinza okutwala emyezi egiwerako okuwona mu bujjuvu okuva mu kulongoosebwa kwa CABG. Omusawo ajja kukubuulira ddala ebbanga ly’olina okuwummula, by’osobola n’ebyo by’otosobola kukola.

Oluvannyuma lw’okujjanjabwa, singa obubonero buno wammanga bubaawo, olina okulaba omusawo amangu ddala .

• Obulumi mu kifuba (Angina) .
• Obuzibu mu kussa (Dyspnea) .
• Okuziyira oba okuwulira ng’omutwe guweweevu
• Okufiirwa okutegeera

Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng’otya n’okweraliikirira ng’owulira ekizibu ky’omutima. Wabula obujjanjabi buno obuyitibwa Coronary Revascularization busobola okulongoosa ennyo ebizibu by’omutima n’okubitangira okweyongera. Ekisinga obukulu kwe kutegeera obulungi obujjanjabi buno, okufuna obuyambi obwetaagisa mu by’obujjanjabi awatali kutya, n’okugezaako okuddamu okubeera n’obulamu obulungi, obw’essanyu.