I fa te hian cholesterol a nei sang em? (Pediatric High Cholesterol) Hemi chungchang hi han sawi ila!

Puitlingah cholesterol chungchang kan sawi fo thin a, chu chu thisena thau awm zat a ni. Mahse naupang te te pawhin he cholesterol problem hi an nei thei tih i hria em? Dik tak chuan a chang chuan a pawi deuh thei bawk. Chuvangin, lungngai suh. Vawiinah hian naupang tê tê, a nih loh leh doctor-te’n `(Pediatric High Cholesterol)` an tih angin, cholesterol sang hi eng nge a nih, engvangin nge a lo awm tih leh eng nge kan tih theih tih hi han sawi ila.

Naupang tê tête cholesterol sang hian eng nge a awmzia?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, naupang cholesterol sang hi i fa thisena cholesterol awm zat chu a pangngai aia tam a ni tihna a ni. He cholesterol hi kan thisena thau chi khat `(Lipids)` an tih a ni. Tin, thau chi dang `(Triglycerides)` tih a awm bawk a, chu chu naupang thenkhatah pawh a tam thei hle. Dik tak chuan kan taksa hian heng thau thenkhat hi a mamawh a, a chhan chu taksa hnathawh hrang hrangah a pui a ni. Mahse, hengte hi a pun lutuk chuan harsatna a awm thin.

Tunah chuan, "Engtin nge ka fa hian cholesterol sang emaw, triglycerides sang emaw a nei tih chiang taka ka hriat theih ang?" Hemi atan hian Doctor ten thisen test an ti thin. "Lipid Panel" tih a ni. He test hian heng thau level te hi eng nge ni tih chiang takin a hrilh thei che a ni. Naupang tê tête cholesterol level pangngai chu puitlingte aiin a danglam deuh tih hre reng ang che.

Naupang tê tête thau level pangngai, a hniam leh a pangngai lo te kan rawn tarlang dawn a ni.

(Hetah hian cholesterol chi tha tak HDL cholesterol an tih chauh a tlahniam chuan a pangngai lo.)

| Lipid chi hrang hrang | A tlangpuiin mg/dL | Ramri awm zat mg/dL | A pangngai lo mg/dL |

| :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :--------------------------- | :--------------------------- | :------------------------------ |

| Cholesterol zawng zawng | < 170 a ni | 170 - 199 | ≥ 200 a ni |

| LDL cholesterol (cholesterol "tha lo") | < 110 a ni | 110 - 129 | ≥ 130 a ni |

| HDL cholesterol (cholesterol "tha") | > 45 | 40 - 45 inkar | < 40 |

| Triglycerides (kum 0-9 chhung) | < 75 | 75 - 99 | ≥ 100 a ni |

| Triglycerides (kum 10-19 chhung) | < 90 | 90 - 129 | ≥ 130 a ni |

Pawimawh: Kum upat dan azirin heng hlutna te hi a danglam deuh thei a, chuvangin chiang taka hriat theih nan i doctor nen inbiakna neih a tha ber.

Naupangin cholesterol sang a neih hian eng symptoms nge a neih?

A tam zawkah chuan naupang cholesterol level sang hian symptoms langsar tak a lantir lo . Hei hi thil hlauhawm ber a ni. Mahse, cholesterol level a sang hle a nih chuan, a bik takin genetic reasons vang a nih chuan naupang chuan hetiang hi a tawk thei a ni:

• Waxy, vunah hriak hring (Xanthoma) .
• Mitmeng chungah emaw, mitmeng bulah emaw, a sen, blister ang chi (Xanthelasma) .
• Mit (Corneal Arcus) vel ring dum emaw, a dum emaw a awm.

Hetiang symptoms i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal ngei ngei tur a ni.

Engvangin nge naupang cholesterol level a san?

Naupang cholesterol level a san theih chhan hi eng emaw zat a awm a. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Chaw leh In: Naupangin a ei chi hrang hrang, a bik takin chaw thau leh thlum chi hrang hrang.
• Taksa tihchak zat: Naupangin a tlan, a zuang, a khelh leh exercise a tih zat.
• Natna dang: Thau lutuk, zunthlum, leh kal natna (Nephrotic Syndrome) ang chi dinhmun.
• Damdawi: Damdawi thenkhat hian cholesterol a tipung thei bawk.
• Genetic influence: Nu leh pa atanga gene rochun te pawh hi a chhan lian tak a ni thei bawk.

Vawi tam tak chu naupang cholesterol sang nei te hian an nu emaw, an pa emaw ah cholesterol sang tak an nei tawh a, an cholesterol control nan damdawi an ei thin pawh a ni thei.

Cholesterol sang hi genetic cause vang a ni

He harsatnaah hian genes hian hmun pawimawh tak a chang a ni. Chu chu engtin nge a thawh tih i en ang u.

Chhungkaw Hypercholesterolemia (FH) a awm avangin 1.1.

Hei hi genetic condition a ni. Thil thleng chu naupang chu a piang a, cholesterol "tha lo" (LDL Cholesterol) a sang hle. A tam zawkah chuan nu leh pa zinga pakhat chauhvin gene a neih chuan hei hi rochun a ni.

Doctor chuan naupang LDL level sawifiah loh 160 mg/dL emaw a aia sang emaw nei chu a ringhlel thei. FH vei nu leh pa nei naupang LDL level 130 mg/dL aia sang pawh hi ngaihtuahawm tak a ni.

Polygenetic atanga lo chhuak a ni

`(FH)` tih loh chu genetic cause dang a awm bawk. Naupang polygenic cause of high cholesterol nei chuan naupang chuan nu leh pa pahnih atanga gene tam tak a rochun tihna a ni a, chu chuan `LDL` level a tisang a ni. Hetiang a nih chuan `LDL` level hi hun kal zelah a sang chho zauh zauh mai thei a, an naupan hma chuan hriat theih a ni lo thei bawk. Heng genetic factors te hian thinlung natna vei theihna a tipung a, mahse `(FH)` angin a na lo. `(FH)` vei naupangte hian polygenic causes nei naupangte aiin damdawi an ei tan hma a ngai tlangpui.

Lipoprotein (a) a awm a.

`(Lipoprotein (a))` ("lipoprotein little A" tia lam tur) hi cholesterol chi khat bik a ni a, nu leh pa atanga fate rochun theih a ni. `(Lipoprotein (a))` level sang tak nei te chu coronary artery disease vei an tam zawk. Naupangte zingah stroke awm tam lohnaah pawh a pui thei bawk.

I fain a hnuaia risk factor pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw a neih chuan doctor chuan an `(Lipoprotein (a))` level enfiah turin thisen test a ti thei ang:

• ``Familial Hypercholesterolemia`` a vei tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
• Tun hmaa a chhan hriat loh ischemic stroke nei tawh.
• Nu emaw pa emaw ah `(Lipoprotein (a))` level sang tak neih.
• Unau emaw nu leh pa emaw, kum naupang tak atanga heart attack nei tawh neih.

Engvangin nge naupang triglyceride level hi a san?

Naupangte triglyceride level sang chhan ber chu:

• Thau lutuk
• Zunthlum
• Damdawi thenkhat

Triglycerides sang hian genetic cause a nei thei bawk a, mahse FH angin a awm lo. Naupang chaw nghei (darkar 12 chaw nghei) thisen test-ah chhan dang awm lova triglycerides 500 mg/dL aia tam a awm chuan doctor-te chuan genetic cause a nih an ringhlel thei a ni.

Naupangte cholesterol sang vangin eng harsatna nge thleng thei?

Cholesterol sang (`LDL` cholesterol) nei naupangte chuan an lo puitlin chuan hriselna lama harsatna an nei thei a. Hengte hi thisen kalna kawng chhunga thau (atheroma) awm vang a ni ber a, chu chuan thisen kal dan a tikhawlo thei a ni. Hei hian thinlung, thluak, kea thisen kal chu a ti tlem thei a ni. Heng dinhmunte hi i hre tawh mai thei:

• Lung natna (Heart Attack) a awm
• Thai
• Peripheral Artery natna a ni

Ngaihtuah teh, heng harsatnate hi kum naupang têa thunun a nih chuan, i lo puitlin hunah chutiang natna khirh tak takte pumpelh tûrin a va ṭangkai dâwn êm!

Naupangte zingah triglycerides tam lutuk avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

`(Triglycerides)` level a san lutuk chuan naupangin `(Pancreatitis) a vei thei a ni.` `(Triglycerides)` level hi rei tak a san chuan arteries-a thau awm zat chu eng emaw chen a pui thei bawk. Mahse, `(LDL)` cholesterol angin nghawng lian tak a nei lo.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian naupang cholesterol sang hi an hriat theih?

School kal mek naupangte chu an cholesterol level chu thisen test awlsam tak hmangin an enfiah thei a ni. A then phei chuan thisen test hma darkar 12 tal chaw nghei a ngai mai thei. Hei hi a tul em tih doctor zawt rawh.

Chhungkaw zinga mi pakhatin thinlung natna a neih chuan, emaw, nu leh pate cholesterol level sang tak an neih chuan he test hi tihsak a pawimawh hle. Thisen test result atang hian naupang cholesterol emaw triglycerides emaw a sang em tih hriat theih a ni.

Naupang cholesterol sang hi engtin nge kan enkawl ang?

Cholesterol sang control dan tur hmasa ber chu i fate ei leh in lama inthlak danglamna siam a, an taksa tihchakna tihpun hi a ni.Hemi chungchangah hian i doctor chuan thurawn a pe ang che. Heng inthlak danglamna ringawt hian i fate cholesterol level chu a him tawk lo a nih chuan doctor chuan damdawi (naupang kum 8 chunglam tan) a rawt thei ang.

Ka fa hian damdawi a mamawh em?

A tul mai thei. Doctor-te chuan National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute leh American Heart Association ang pawlte mithiamte thurawn aṭanga damdawi ei tur an rawt a ni. Doctor-in i fate damdawi a pek theihna tur dinhmun ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• LDL level chu 190 mg/dL aia tam a nih chuan:
• Naupang hian rilru lam natna vei theihna tur risk factor dang a neih loh chuan.
• I LDL level chu 160 mg/dL aia sang a nih chuan, a hnuaia mi hi i neih chuan:
• Naupang hian rilru lam natna vei theihna risk factor a nei a.
• Nu leh pa pakhat chuan a naupan laiin heart attack a nei a, a nih loh leh heart arteries-ah thau a awm (coronary artery plaque).
• Thla ruk chhunga i ei leh in leh exercise i tihdanglam hnua i cholesterol level target level a thlen loh chuan.
• I LDL level 130 mg/dL aia tam a nih chuan a hnuaia mi hi i nei a ni:
• Nu leh pa pakhat chu `(FH)` a vei tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
• Naupang hian cardiovascular disease risk factors a nei a, chu chu thau lutuk, thisen sang, meizuk (naupang emaw a chhehvela mi emaw), HDL level hniam, Kawasaki Disease history, kal natna, organ transplant neih, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus, HIV emaw a ni.
• I LDL level 100 mg/dL aia tam a nih chuan a hnuaia mi hi i nei a ni:
• Naupang hian Type I emaw Type II Diabetes emaw a nei a.
• Naupang hian Kawasaki Disease a nei a, hei hian coronary artery aneurysm a thlen thin.

Cholesterol atan hian naupangte hnenah eng damdawi nge pek thin?

LDL level sang naupang tan chuan statin hi duhthlanna hmasa ber a ni. Entir nan:

• Atorvastatin (Lipitor®) hman a ni.
• A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.
• Simvastatin (Zocor®) hman a ni.

Hei hi statin damdawi hian naupang LDL level a tihhniam dan a ni:

• Liver in cholesterol siam a titawp.
• Thisen atanga cholesterol tam lutuk a paih chhuak a, taksain a hman tangkai theih nan a pui bawk.

Ezetimibe hi second-line drug a ni a, LDL level a tihhniam a ni. Intestines atanga thisen a cholesterol lakluh a block avangin hna a thawk a ni.

Lipoprotein sang tak enkawlna (a) .

Nunphung inthlak danglamna hian `(Lipoprotein (a))` level-ah `(LDL)` level angin nghawng a nei lo. Tunah hian `(Lipoprotein (a))` level sang enkawlna tur damdawi bik a awm lo. Amaherawhchu ruihhlo enchhin mek a ni. I fate `(Lipoprotein (a)` level a san chuan doctor chuan coronary artery disease vei theihna tur risk factor dangte tihziaawmna lam ngaihtuah turin a rawt thei a, chung zingah chuan:

• Thinlung hrisel chaw ei.
• Exercise tling tak neih.
• Cholesterol level dang damdawi hmanga enkawl.
• Meizial zuk loh tur.

Triglycerides sang tak enkawlna

I fa doctor chuan hetiang hi a rawt thei ang:

• I fate ei leh in leh exercise lama inthlak danglamna siam.
• Fish oil supplement (ni khatah 4000 mg thleng).
• Damdawi dang (naupang triglyceride level sang tak a nih chuan special case-ah).

Naupang cholesterol sang hi tihdanglam theih a ni em?

Ni e, a ni thei! Enkawlna hian i fa cholesterol level chu him taka tihhniam nan a pui thei a ni. Hei hian nakin lawkah harsatna lian tham a thlen theihna a ti tlem thei bawk. I doctor chuan i fate target cholesterol level chu eng nge ni tih leh engtin nge a thlen theih tih chiang takin a hriat theih nan a pui thei che a ni.

Engtin nge ka fate cholesterol tihhniam nan ka puih theih ang?

I fate cholesterol level tihhniam nan i pui thei a, hetiang hian i fuih thei ang:

• Total fat tlem zawk ei tur pe rawh. I fate nitin calorie a neih zawng zawng atanga 30% aia tlem lo chu thau a ni tur a ni. Dietitian chuan he zat hi chhut chhuah leh ei tur ruahmanna siam turin a pui thei che a ni.
• Trans fats hi pumpelh la, saturated fats hi tihtlem bawk ang che. Saturated fats hi room temperature-a solid awm tlangpui, rannung hriak, coconut oil leh palm oil te hi a ni. Saturated fats hian nitin i calorie zawng zawng atanga 10% aia tlem lo a luah tur a ni. Chu ai chuan unsaturated fats, olive oil, avocado oil, leh flaxseed oil te chu thlang zawk ang che.
• Ei leh in atanga cholesterol ei tlem. Naupangte hian ni khatah cholesterol 300 mg aia tlem an ei tur a ni.
• Full-fat dairy products hi ei loh tur a ni. Naupang thla 12-24 inkar ah 2% fat milk pe thin ang che. Naupang kum 2 chunglam hnenah thau tel lo bawnghnute pe thin ang che.
• Chaw ei tur fiber tling tak pe rawh. I fa chu fiber tamna ei tur, thlai, thei, nut, legumes, leh whole grains te ei turin fuih rawh.
• Taksa tihchak fo turin fuih rawh. Aerobic activities, cycle khalh, tlan, kea kal, leh tui chawi te hian HDL ("tha") cholesterol level a tisang thei a, rilru lam natna vei theihna a ti tlem thei bawk.
• I fa chu a taksa rihna hrisel tak nei turin tanpui rawh.Chu weight range chu eng nge ni tih i doctor hnenah i zawt thei ang.

Ka fa chawmna tur chaw tha ber berte chu engte nge ni?

I fain a mamawh zawng zawng a hmuh theih nan ei tur chi hrang hrang thlang rawh. Cholesterol level control thei tur ei tur tha tak tak thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

Chawhmeh atan:

• Thei
• Thlai chi hrang hrang cereal
• Oatmeal a ni
• Greek yogurt a ni

Chawhnu leh zanriah ei tur chuan:

I fate plate-ah USDA MyPlate model hmangin khat rawh:

• Protein tha lo tak tak, vawk, sangha, bean (plate 1/4) ang chi .
• Buh chi pum (plate khata 1/4) .
• Thlai leh thei chi hrang hrang (plate 1/2) .
• Dairy product thau tlem ei tur

Chaw ei dan hrisel tak takte chu baking, grilling, leh air frying te hi a ni. Deep frying tih loh tur.

Snacks ei tur:

• Thei
• Thlaihnah
• Nut leh chi chi hrang hrang
• Whole grain crackers te pawh a awm
• Thau tlem nei bawnghnute atanga siam

In tur: 1.1.

Tui leh thau tlem zawk bawnghnute thlang rawh. Soda, bawnghnute thlum, thei in tur leh sports drinks te hi pumpelh rawh.

Engtikah nge ka fa chu Doctor hmu turin ka hruai ang?

I doctor chuan i fa chu engzat nge doctor hnena i hruai tur tih a hrilh ang che. I fa cholesterol level pawh enfiah reng a ngai dawn a ni. Tin, i fate ei leh in lama inthlak danglamna i neih atanga thla ruk hnuah emaw, damdawi thar i ei tan atanga thla hnih hnuah emaw i fa cholesterol level enfiah tir tur a ni bawk.

A tawp berah chuan ngaihtuah tur thil.

Puitlingah cholesterol chungchang kan hriat thiam em em avangin naupang te pawhin he harsatna hi an nei thei tih theihnghilh a awlsam hle – kan fate ngei pawh a thlen hma loh chuan. Tin, chutah chuan ngaihtuah tawh loh pawh a harsa khawp mai. Lungngai suh, i fa doctor-te chuan i ngaihtuahna chu an hrethiam a, i chhungkaw pum pui pui turin an lo kal a ni. I zawhnate zawt la, i theih ang tawkin zir rawh. Thinlung hrisel nunphung siam turin thawhhona tha tak nei rawh u.

Kum naupang têa cholesterol enkawl hian i fate chu hmalam hun hrisel tak neih theihna hun ṭha ber i pe thei a ni.

` Naupang cholesterol, cholesterol sang, Pediatric High Cholesterol, thinlung natna, ei leh in hrisel, nunphung, Lipid panel