I mit pahnih hi glaucoma vei theihna a ni em? Heng test te hi i zir chiang ang u!

I dam em? Vawiin hian kan mit ngawi renga nghawng thei dinhmun leh a hmaa hriat theihna tura pui thei test thenkhat kan sawi dawn a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi glaucoma an ti a. He hming hi i hre tawh mai thei a, i chhungte zinga tu emaw chuan he natna hi a nei thei bawk. Lungngai suh, a pawimawh ber chu hemi chungchang hi hriat chian a ni.

Glaucoma chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, glaucoma hi mit natna chi khat, mit chhunga mit nerve tichhe thei a ni. He optic nerve hi kan hmuh thin a ni a, mit atanga light-sensing part retina an tih chu a ni a, retina atanga thluak thlengin signal a phur thin. Camera hmanga thlalak kan lak ang chiah hian heng signal te hian thluak a thlen chauhvin thlalak kan hmu thin.

Glaucoma hi mit chhunga pressure sang vang a ni fo thin. He pressure hian mit nerve a tichhe zauh zauh a. Thil lungchhiatthlak tak chu, a tir lamah chuan symptom engmah lang lovin a kal zel thei fo. Chuvangin mi thenkhat chuan "silent enemy" an ti thin. Enkawl loh chuan mit a chhe zauh zauh thei a, mitdelna hial a thlen thei bawk.

Tute nge glaucoma vei theihna sang zawk?

Mi thenkhat chuan mi thenkhat aiin glaucoma an vei tam zawk. Heng risk factors te hi i nei em tih enfiah rawh:

• I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan glaucoma a vei a nih chuan: I nu, i pa emaw, i unaute emaw chuan glaucoma an vei a nih chuan nang pawhin i vei theihna a sang zawk a ni.
• Kum 40 chunglam: Kum upat deuh deuh chuan a hlauhawmna a sang chho zel.
• Hnam: African hnam (a bik takin open-angle glaucoma nei) leh East Asian hnam (a bik takin closed-angle glaucoma nei) te hi an hlauhawm zawk.
• Mit hliam emaw, operation buaithlak tak tak: Tun hmaa mit hliam emaw, surgery lian tak i neih tawh emaw a nih chuan.
• Hmun hla tak: Hei hi glaucoma chi thenkhat (closed-angle glaucoma) vei theihna tur risk factor a ni.
• Damdawi lam harsatna dangte:
• Zunthlum natna `(Diabetes Mellitus)`
• Thisen sang (Hypertension) 1.1.
• Damdawi thenkhat hun rei tak hman: A bik takin `(corticosteroid)` class-a damdawi i hman chhunzawm chuan (entir nan `(prednisone)`).

Engtikah nge glaucoma test ka neih ang?

Heng mit lama harsatna i neih chuan mit lam doctor pan vat a pawimawh hle a, mit enfiahna kimchang tak neih a pawimawh hle a, chutah chuan glaucoma test pawh a tel a ni:

• Blind spots: Hmun thenkhat chu i hmu thei lo ang tih i hriat chuan.
• Vision a fiah lo.
• Mit natna emaw, pressure emaw hriat.
• Lu na fo thin.
• Eng en laiin rainbow circle hmuh.
• Mit a sen vek.
• Tunnel vision: Hma lam dinglam chauh hmuh, tube atanga thlir ang maia hmuh.

American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) chhinchhiah danin, glaucoma vei hlauhawmte chuan he schedule ang hian mit enfiahna kimchang an nei tur a ni:

* Kum 40 atanga 54 inkar: Kum 1-3 danah.

* Kum 55 atanga 64 inkar: Kum 1-2 danah.

* Kum 65 leh a chunglam: Thla 6-12 danah.

Tuin nge glaucoma test hi ti thin?

Heng test te hi mit lam doctor, mit natna venna, hriatchhuah leh enkawlna lama tui tak doctor-in a ti thin a ni.

Engtin nge heng glaucoma test te hi an tih thin?

Glaucoma test hi test pakhat chauh a ni lo. Test engemaw zat inzawmkhawm a ni thei. A tha ber chu heng test tam zawk hi a rang a, a na lo va, a invasive lo bawk. Heng test te hian i mit doctor chu i mit chhung lam enin, mit chhiatna a awm leh awm loh a zirchiang a, enkawlna dik tak a thlang thei bawk.

Tunah chuan heng glaucoma test lian ber berte hi eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u:

1. Angle exam / Gonioscopy hmanga enfiah

He test hian i mit (cornea) transparent part leh i mit coloured part (iris) inzawmna angle a en thin. He angle hi mit chhunga aqueous humor lo chhuak chu drainage system awmna hmun a ni.

Doctor chuan i mit chhungah numbing eye drops engemaw zat a dah hmasa ang. Tichuan, i mitmeng (cornea)-ah lens bik dahin angle chu a inhawng em, a khar em tih en a ni ang. Angle kha khar a nih chuan drainage system a block tihna a ni. Hei hi glaucoma chhinchhiahna a ni thei. He test hi gonioscopy an ti bawk.

2. Mit thickness tehna / Pachymetry

Hei hian i mit (cornea) thickness a teh a ni. Hei hian i doctor chu glaucoma i vei theihna tur a teh theih nan a pui a ni. Hei hian mittui tlakna hmanga i mit tichak lo leh i mitmeng (cornea) chu hmanraw te tak te ``pachymetry'' an tih hmanga khawih hmanga a thickness tehna a huam tel bawk.

3. Mit enfiahna (dilated eye exam).

Hei hian i mit chhunga drops dah a , chu chuan i mit lai tak, i mit lai tak, black circle chu a tizau thei a ni. Hei hian mit specialist chuan i mit chhunga retina leh optic nerve te chu magnified view-in a hmu thei a ni. Instrument bik chuan i mit chhungah êng a rawn ti eng a. Hei hian doctor chuan mit nerve rawng, a lian leh te, a pianzia leh thisen kalna kawngte a enfiah thei a, chhiatna a awm leh awm loh emaw, glaucoma vang a nih leh nih loh emaw a hre thei a ni.

4. Mit pressure check / Tonometry tih a ni

Mit chhunga pressure sang hi glaucoma chhinchhiahna lian tak a ni. He test chhung hian i doctor chuan i mit ah numbing drops a dah bawk ang. Tichuan, i mit chung lamah hmanraw te tak te dahin mitmeng chu tlem a ti flatten a, a chhunga pressure chu a teh ang. He test hi a na lo va, minute tlemte chauh a ni. Mahse, test neih chhung hian i ding reng a, i ding reng a pawimawh. Hei hi ``Tonometry'' emaw ``applanation'' emaw an ti bawk.

5. Mit nerve hmanga thlalak lak

Hei hian i retina leh optic nerve thlalak a la thin. Thlalak te hi digital camera bik hmanga lak a ni a, chu chuan i mit pupil a ti lian a ni.

Mit lama mithiam tam tak chuan hei hi ``Optical Coherence Tomography'', emaw OCT tih hming pu machine bik an hmang thin. I tih tur chu i chin chu machine chin rest-ah dah la, lens chhungah i en mai tur a ni. Engmah hian i mit a deng lo. Machine hian mit tissue layer tin chu minute khat emaw minute hnih emaw chhungin thlalak a la a, chu hmun chu a map a ni.

6. Visual field test (Visual field test / Perimetry) tih a ni ang.

He test hian i mit hmuhna hmun thenkhat a hloh leh awm loh a enfiah thin (entir nan, hmalam i thlir chuan side vision). Tin, glaucoma hi engtiang chiahin nge a nasat tih leh a zual chak zia hriat nan a hun hunah tih thin a ni bawk.

He test-ah hian doctor chuan thil engemaw (e.g., doctor hnar) chu hmalam thlir nghal turin a ti che a. Mit pakhat khar turin an ti thei bawk. Tichuan, i hmalam i en nghal lai chuan i mit hmuhna kil khatah eng emaw i hmu thei em tih an zawt che a.

A chang chuan chumi atan chuan machine hman a ni. ``Automated static perimetry'' tih method ah chuan machine pakhat i en a, a hmuh ``light'' te chu i hriat chian a ngai a ni. Thil dang pakhatah chuan line pattern pakhat i en a, blur emaw gap emaw a awm leh awm loh i hriat a ngai a ni.

Glaucoma test hnuah eng nge thleng?

Test zawhah thil engemaw zat hriat reng a ngai mai thei. Entirnan, i mit chu a fiah lo deuh mai thei. In lama zuitu awm se a tha hle. Dilated eye exam i neih chuan i mit chu light eng leh UV rays laka ven nan sunglass i vuah a ngai dawn a ni. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor chuan a hrilh belh ang che.

Heng test-ah hian risk a awm em?

Glaucoma test hi a tlangpuiin a him hle a, hlauhawm lian tham a keng tel lo. Test zawhah i mit chu a fiah deuh emaw, êng a sensitive emaw a ni thei. Mahse hei hi ni khat chhungin a lo tha chho zauh zauh ang.

Test result hmuh theih nan eng chen nge hun a duh?

Glaucoma test tam zawk result hi ni khatah, a rualin hriat theih a ni.

Glaucoma test result hian eng nge a awmzia?

I mit specialist chuan test result chu a sawipui ang che a, a awmzia a sawifiah ang che. I doctor chuan test zawng zawng result a ngaihtuah ang a, glaucoma vei theihna i nei em tih te, natna i neih leh neih loh te, a neih chuan eng chi nge i neih tih te a rel ang.

Results chu normal range pawn lam a nih chuan glaucoma a ni thei a, test tam zawk neih a ngai tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. Results pangngai lo chu hetiang hi a ni thei:

• Gonioscopy: Mit tui chhuahna kawng (drainage canal) a tawi emaw, a khar emaw a ni.
• Pachymetry: Mit (cornea) a thim (hei hian primary open-angle glaucoma vei theihna a tipung).
• Dilated eye exam: Mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng lian leh te, a pianzia dik lo.
• Mit pressure tehna: Mit chhunga pressure chu mercury millimeter 22 (22 mmHg) aia tam a ni.
• Optic nerve imaging: Mit nerve emaw retinal nodules emaw a hring leh a inzawm khawm ang chi thil dik lo.
• Visual field test: Mit hmuhna hmun thenkhat chu blank emaw blurry emaw angin a lang.

Glaucoma ka neih chuan engtin nge ni ang?

I doctor chuan a hnua i tih tur chu a rawn hrilh ang che. I mit enfiah reng turin a hrilh mai thei che a ni. A nih loh leh glaucoma enkawl ṭan turin a hrilh thei che a ni. Enkawlna atan hian:

• Mit pressure tihziaawmna damdawi: Mit drop emaw pills emaw.
• Surgery: Mit atanga tui tam lutuk chhuah theihna tur kawngkhar thar siam a, chu chuan mit pressure a tihhniam theih nan surgery a ni.
• Tubal ligation surgery: Mit chhungah tube te te dahin tui tam lutuk chu paih chhuah a ni.
• Laser hmanga enkawlna: Laser rays hi tui chhuahna tur atan hman a ni.

Engtin nge mitdelna nen hian i nunpui?

Glaucoma hi a hmaa hriat chhuah a nih chuan a kal zel dan chu control theih a ni a, enkawl theih a ni bawk. I doctor-in enkawlna a pek bakah hian i mitdelna i hmachhawn theih nan thil engemaw zat i tih theih a awm bawk. Hengte pawh hi i doctor nen sawiho rawh.

A pawimawh ber chu glaucoma hi a tir lamah chuan engmah lan chhuah lohvin a lo awm thei a ni. Chuvangin, natnain mit a tihchhiat hmaa mit endikna neih fo a pawimawh hle.

Take-Home Message (Hriatreng tur thil) .

Okay, chuvang chuan vawiin hian glaucoma test chungchang kan sawi nasa hle. A awlsam zawngin, heng test te hian i mit nerve a chhiat leh chhiat loh leh i mit hmuhna a nghawng em tih a hriat theih a ni. I mit doctor chuan glaucoma a awm leh awm loh enfiah nan test pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw a ti thei ang. Chumi hnuah chuan enkawl dan tur dik tak an ziak ang.

I theihnghilh suh, glaucoma hi a tir lamah chuan symptom awm lovin a lo awm thei a ni. Chuvangin, mit hrisel taka awm theih nan a hun taka mit enfiah a pawimawh hle a, a bik takin risk factors i neih chuan a pawimawh hle . Tichuan, harsatna a awm chuan mit hmuh loh a awm hmain hriatchhuah leh enkawl theih a ni. I mit venhim hi i mawhphurhna a ni!

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