Insulin chungchang hi i zir belh leh ang u. Engvangin nge kan taksa tan a pawimawh em em?

Insulin tih thumal hi i hre tawh ngei ang, a dik em? I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw zunthlum vei emaw, nangmah ngei pawh zunthlum vei i nih chuan he hming hi i hriat chian em em a ni mai thei. Chuti a nih chuan, insulin chu eng nge ni? Engvangin nge kan taksa tan a pawimawh em em? A awlsam zawngin, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin sawi ila.

Insulin chu eng nge ni? Eng nge a tih?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, insulin hi kan taksaa pianphung atanga lo chhuak hormone a ni. Kan pancreas an tih organ atanga siam a ni. Insulin hnathawh ber chu kan taksa cell-te’n kan ei leh in atanga sugar, a nih loh leh damdawi lam hawi chuan glucose chu chakna atana an hman theih nan a pui a ni.

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh, kan taksaa cell te hi in te tak te ang mai an ni. Heng in te hian hnathawh nan chakna an mamawh a ni. Chu chakna chu glucose atanga lo chhuak a ni. Mahse, he glucose hi cell an tih in chhunga a luh theih nan chuan kawngkhar hawn nan chabi a mamawh a ni. Chu key chu insulin a ni. Insulin hian cell kawngkhar a hawn chuan thisena glucose chu cell chhungah a lut a, chakna ah a chang ta a ni.

Tunah chuan insulin pawimawhna chu i hrethiam ta a ni lawm ni? Eng emaw chhan vanga kan pancreas hian insulin a siam tha lo a nih chuan , emaw, taksain a siam chhuah insulin a hmang tangkai thei lo a nih chuan, chu glucose chu cell-ah a lut thei lo. Tichuan thil thleng chu thisenah glucose level a sang mai mai a ni. Hei hi thisen sugar sang (hyperglycemia) kan tih chu a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi a la awm zel chuan Diabetes an tih natna kan hmachhawn dawn a ni.

Zunthlum vei enkawlna atan pawn lam atanga pek thin insulin chi hrang hrang a awm bawk. Chu chu nakinah kan sawiho ang.

Insulin hian thisen sugar level a tihniam em, a tisang em?

Ni e, insulin hian i thisen sugar level a tihniam a ni. Chu chu a hna ber a ni. Mahse kan taksa hian thil mak tak maiin hna a thawk a. Thisen sugar level balance-a awm tir thei hormone dang a awm a, chu chu glucagon a ni. Insulin hian thisen sugar a tihniam laiin, glucagon hian a tul hunah thisen sugar level a tisang thung. Heng hormone pahnih hian kan thisen sugar level chu hrisel taka awm turin an thawk dun a ni.

Amaherawhchu, zunthlum damdawi atan pawn lam atanga insulin i ei hian, a chang chuan a mamawh aia tam i ei chuan i thisen sugar level a tlahniam lutuk thei a ni. Hei hi hypoglycemia an ti a . Chutiang a nih chuan siamthat nan sugar tlem tal ei emaw in emaw vat a ngai a ni. I thisen sugar a tlahniam nasa chuan glucagon injection pek theih a awm bawk. Hemi chungchang hi Doctor nen inbiak a tha ber.

Khawiah nge insulin hi siam chhuah a nih?

Kan sawi tawh ang khan kan pancreas ah hian insulin siam a ni. A dik zawk chuan, pancreas-a Langerhans islets an tih cell cluster bik-a beta cell-te hmangin .He hormone insulin hi pancreas atanga siam a ni. Hei hi endocrine process a ni. Chu chu insulin siam chhuah chu thisenah direct-in a chhuak tihna a ni.

Pancreas hian hna dang a nei bawk a, chu chu exocrine , chu chu ei tur digest tura puitu duct kaltlangin enzymes chhuah tir hi a ni.

Insulin nen hian eng damdawi lam dinhmun nge a inzawm theih?

Insulin hi a pianphungah a tlahniam emaw, a pung emaw, taksaah a thawk tha lo emaw, damdawi lam harsatna hrang hrang a awm thei a ni.

Insulin a awm loh huna zunthlum natna

Insulin a thawk tha lo a nih chuan thisen sugar level a sang a, chu chuan zunthlum a thlen thin. Zunthlum chi thenkhat chu pancreas tihchhiat vang a ni thei:

• Type 1 diabetes: Hei hi autoimmune condition a ni. A awlsam zawngin kan taksa hriselna (immune system) hian insulin siamtu beta cells te hi a bei thin. Hun a kal zel a, taksain insulin a siam chhuah chu a bo vek tawh mai.
• Type 3c diabetes (pancreatogenic diabetes tia hriat bawk): Hei hi pancreas a chhiat a, insulin a siam tawh loh hunah a thleng thin. Hetiang dinhmun hi chronic pancreatitis leh cystic fibrosis ang chi natna avanga lo awm thei a ni . Pancreas chu surgery hmanga lakchhuah a nih hnuah pawh a awm thei bawk (pancreatectomy).
• Puitlingah latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA): Hei hi autoimmune reaction avanga lo awm a ni bawk a, type 1 diabetes ang chi hi a ni. Mahse, a lo thang zawi zawk. LADA hi kum 30 chunglam atanga hmuhchhuah a ni tlangpui.

Insulin resistance avanga awm dinhmun

Hei hi zunthlum thlentu lian tak a ni bawk. Insulin resistance chu kan taksa thau, thau leh thin cell ten insulin an dawn that loh vang a ni. Kawngkhar khar chhunga chabi hna thawk lo ang mai a ni. Hei hian hetiang dinhmun hi a thlen thei a ni:

• Prediabetes: Hei hi thisen sugar level pangngai aia sang, mahse type 2 diabetes tia sawi tur khawpa sang lo a ni. Insulin resistance hi a chhan ber a ni.
• Type 2 diabetes: Hetiang dinhmun hi insulin resistance a san chuan pancreas-in a thunun theih loh khawpa a lo awm a, chu chuan thisen sugar level a tisang a ni.
• Naupai laia zunthlum natna: 1.1.Hei hi naupai laiin a lo awm thei a ni. Zirchiangtute chuan nausen (placenta) atanga hormone chhuak hian insulin resistance a siam niin an ngai. He resistance hi pancreas hian a hneh thei lo a nih chuan gestational diabetes a lo awm thin. Mahse, hei hi nausen pian hnuah a ṭhat phah fo.

Chu bakah, zunthlum chi khat , Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) tih chu genetic type a awm bawk. Hei hi monogenic diabetes an ti bawk . Genetic mutation avanga lo awm a ni a, chu chu thlah kal zelah a kal zel a, taksain insulin siam leh hman dan a nghawng a ni.

Insulin tam lutuk avanga lo awm dinhmun

Tumor hmuh tur awm lo tak , insulinoma an tih hian pancreas hian insulin a siam tam lutuk thei a ni. Hei hian thisen sugar tlahniam fo, a chang chuan na tak, a thlen thei a ni. A tam zawkah chuan heng insulinoma te hi operation hmangin tihdam theih a ni.

Diabetes tan hian insulin chi hrang hrang eng nge awm?

Zunthlum enkawlna atan hian insulin chi hrang hrang a awm a. A tam zawk chu injectable form-ah an lo thleng a - needle, pen emaw pump emaw hmangin. Inhaled insulin pawh a awm bawk. Diabetes i vei chuan i doctor chuan i tana tha tur chi leh dose a ruat ang. A tul angin a dose pawh siamrem theih a ni.

Insulin chi hrang hrangte hi a nghawng chak dan leh taksaa a awm rei dan a zirin an inthen ber a ni .

• Rapid-acting insulin: Hetiang insulin chi hi minute 5-20 chhungin hna a thawk tan a, darkar 3-5 vel a daih. Inject atanga darkar khat atanga darkar hnih hnuah a thawk tha ber. Insulin glulisine hi chutiang chi khat a ni. Inhaled insulin pawh hi he category-ah hian a tel ve bawk. Hengte hi chaw ei hmaa ei thin a ni tlangpui.
• Insulin regular emaw short-acting insulin emaw: Chung zingah chuan Novolin R® leh Humulin R® te pawh an tel. Inject atanga minute 30-45 chhungin hna an thawk tan a, darkar 5-8 vel an awm thin. Inject atanga darkar 2-4 hnuah an peak thin.
• Intermediate-acting insulin: Hetiang chi hi hnathawh tan nan darkar hnih vel a ngai a ni. Inject atanga darkar 4 leh 12 inkarah a thawk tha ber. Darkar 14-24 vel a daih. Isophane insulin (NPH) hi chutiang chi khat a ni.
• Insulin rei tak daih thei: He insulin chi hi thisen a thlen theih nan darkar khat vel a ngai a, hna a thawk tan thei a ni. Injection hnu darkar 3 leh 14 inkarah a thawk tha ber. Ni khat vel a daih. Hetiang chi entirnan insulin glargine hi a ni.
• Ultra long-acting insulin: He insulin chi hi thisen a thlen theih nan darkar ruk vel a ngai a, darkar engemaw zat chhung chu a level khatah a active reng a ni (chu chu vawi khatah a peak vek lo tihna a ni). Ni hnih vel a daih. Insulin degludec hi chutiang chi khat a ni.

Pawimawh: I doctor-in insulin a pek che chi, a dose leh a hman dan tur chu zawm fo ang che. Doctor rawn hmasa lovin insulin dose hi thlak ngai suh.

Insulin enkawlna hian side effect a nei em?

Insulin therapy-a harsatna awm tam ber chu insulin ei tam vanga thisen sugar level tlahniam (hypoglycemia) hi a ni.

Chumi piah lamah chuan side effect dang, a awm tlem thei te pawh a awm a:

• Insulin injection na hmuna vun thiltih dan: Insulin hmun khata inject nawn leh a nih chuan vun hnuaiah thau a pungkhawm thei a, lump a siam thei. A nih loh leh, thau chu a chhe thei a, vunah dimples a siam thei bawk. Hei hi localized lipodystrophy an ti a . Hei hian insulin absorption a ti tlem thei a ni. Chuvangin insulin injection site hi rotate fo a pawimawh hle.
• Insulin allergic reaction: Mi thenkhat chuan insulin chi thenkhatah allergic reaction an nei thei a. Hei hian darkar engemaw zat chhung chu natna, kang, chutah vun rawng a tidanglam thei a, a ti na thei a, injection na hmun vel chu a hring thei bawk.
• Insulin antibodies: A tlem hle a, pawn lam atanga insulin pek hi taksaa natural insulin siam nen a danglam deuh avangin kan taksa hian a dotu antibodies a siam thei a ni. Heng antibodies te hian pawn lam atanga insulin pek chu a thawk tha thei lo. Chutiang a nih chuan insulin dose tam tak i ei a ngai mai thei.

Insulin inject theihna hmun tha ber berte chu engte nge ni?

I taksa hmun engemaw zatah insulin i inject thei bawk. A tlangpuiin insulin inject na hmun tha ber chu thau (adipose tissue) i neihna hmun te hi a ni. Chungte chu:

• I pum chhung hmun - mahse i navel atanga inches 2 (5 centimetres) tal a hlaah.
• I kawr hmalam emaw, a sir lam emaw.
• I kut chunglam hnunglam.
• I hnute chunglam.

Sawi tawh ang khan vun lama harsatna awm lo turin insulin i injectna hmunte chu i rotate tur a ni. Vawiin hian site pakhat i inject chuan a tuk lamah site dangah inject leh rawh. Hemi chungchang hi i diabetes care and education specialist emaw doctor emaw hnenah i zawt thei ang.

Insulin level pangngai tih hi a awm em?

Dik tak chuan insulin level hi "normal" a awm lo. Hei hi mi zawng zawng hi kan danglam vek avangin a ni a, nitin darkar khat atanga darkar khatah insulin mamawh a inang lo thei hle. I insulin level tichhe thei thil engemaw zat a awm a:

• Chaw ei chi leh ei zat (a bik takin carbohydrates awmna ei tur).
• Engtikah nge i ei leh i ei tam zia .
• I activity level leh eng exercise chi nge i tih (entir nan, cardio emaw weightlifting emaw).
• I damlo emaw, stress i nei emaw pawh nise .
• I harh nge i muhil?
• Hormone chi dang.
• Damdawi thenkhat, corticosteroids .

Tin, i insulin level chauh enfiahna standard test a awm lo bawk. A tam zawkah chuan thisen sugar level an enfiah thin.

Type 2 Diabetes vei te hian insulin an la mamawh em?

Type 2 diabetes vei zawng zawng ni lo mahse mi thenkhat chuan, natna hi tha taka enkawl turin insulin an mamawh a ni.

Type 2 diabetes damdawi chi dang tam tak a awm a. Entirnan, oral pills leh GLP-1 agonist injection te . Heng damdawi te hian insulin resistance dona kawngah kawng hrang hrangin hna an thawk a ni. Mahse, insulin resistance a nasat chuan heng damdawi ringawt pawh hian thisen sugar level hrisel nan a tawk lo mai thei. Chutih lai tak chuan insulin a mamawh a ni.

Zunthlum vei chu insulin tel lovin eng chen nge a awm theih ang?

Insulin-dependent diabetes vei chuan a dam khawchhuah theih nan exogenous insulin a mamawh a ni. Chutiang a nih loh chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak, Diabetes-related Ketoacidosis (DKA) an tih chu a lo awm thei a ni.

DKA hi a lo thleng nghal a, na tak a ni. Darkar 24 chhungin a lo thang lian thei a ni. I luak chhuak a nih chuan a lo thang chak zawk thei. DKA symptoms i hmuh veleh doctor ko emaw, damdawi in pan emaw a pawimawh. DKA enkawl loh chuan a thihpui thei a ni.

Kan sawi tawh a\anga hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, tunah chuan insulin hi hormone pawimawh tak a ni tih i hrethiam tawh mai thei a, chu chuan kan taksa a hrisel a, a thawk tha thei a ni.

• Insulin hi kan pancreas atanga siam chhuah natural hormone a ni. Thisen atanga sugar (glucose) chu cell-ah a phurh luh theih nan a pui a, chakna a siam bawk.
• I taksain insulin a siam tling thei lo emaw, a hman thiam loh emaw chuan, i doctor chuan zunthlum enkawlna atan pawn lam insulin a pe thei a ni.
• Insulin pek i nih chuan i doctor-in a hrilh ang chiah khan hmang ang che.Dosage, hun leh injection site dik takin zawm rawh.
• Hypoglycemia symptoms (e.g., thawk hah, khuh, muhil, thinlung na chak) i neih chuan sugar tlem tal ei nghal rawh.
• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) symptoms i neih chuan (e.g., tuihal lutuk, zun tam lutuk, luak chhuak, luak chhuak, pum na, thawk harsa, thei rimtui) , doctor thurawn zawng nghal rawh.

I hriselna enkawl hi a pawimawh hle. Insulin emaw, zunthlum emaw chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan doctor nen inbiakna neih hreh suh.

` Insulin, zunthlum, thisen thlum, pancreas, hormone, zunthlum enkawlna, insulin chi hrang hrang