I khup ruh chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I khup a pawimawh zia i ngaihtuah ngai em? Kan khup hian kea kal, tlan, zuang, ding, thut... heng zawng zawng hi min pui thin. Dik tak chuan khup hi kan taksa ruh lian ber a ni. Chuvangin, khup pawimawh chungchang hi chipchiar deuhin han sawi ila, kan sawi dawn em ni?

Khup ruh chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, khup hi i kekawrte leh i ke hnuai lam inzawmkhawmtu ruh (joint) a ni. Kawngkhar chunga hinge awm ang mai a ni. Kan ruhro (skeletal system) a tel ve a ni . Mahse khup hi ruh atanga siam mai a ni lo. Tin, cartilage, muscle, ligament, leh nerve te a pai bawk.

I khup hian i taksa rihna a thlawp a, i ke a ben a, i taksa a ti che thei bawk. I ke hmanga i chetna eng pawh hi i khup atanga thlawp a ngai a ni. Khup na i neih chuan Doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. I natna chhan chu a hmuchhuak thei a, i thiltih pangngaia i thawh leh theihna tura i mamawh enkawlna a pe thei che a ni.

Khup hnathawh berte chu engte nge ni?

Kan khup hian hna pawimawh tak tak engemaw zat a nei a. En teh:

• Ke inher: I khup hian i ke i ben, a tizau a, a tikeh thei bawk. I kal lai te, i tlan lai te, a nih loh leh stairs i chhoh hunah i khup hian hna engzat nge a thawh tih hi han ngaihtuah teh.
• Ding leh che laia taksa thlawp: I ding lai hian i khup hian i taksa rih zawng zawng zawng a\anga a tam zawk a phur a ni.
• Taksa nghet taka vawn leh balance vawng reng: Khup hian a inher thut emaw, a ding emaw hian taksa balance vawng reng turin a pui bawk.

Khawiah nge khup chu a awm?

Hei hi mi zawng zawngin kan hriat chian a ni. Khup chu i ke lairil a joint a ni. A dik tak chuan khup hi i ke ruh (damdawi lam hawia `Femur` kan tih) leh i ke ruh (`Tibia`) inzawmna hmun a ni.

Khup hi eng ang joint nge ni?

Kan taksaah hian ruh chi hrang hrang a awm a. Doctor-te chuan an siam dan (chu chu an composition) leh an che dan (chu chu an hnathawh) a\angin an thliar hrang \hin.

Khup hi synovial joint a ni a . Kan taksaah hian Synovial joint hi a mobile ber a ni. Ruh pakhata cavity awm, ruh dang nena in fit atanga siam an ni. Heng ruh tawp lam hi hyaline cartilage an tih hian a khuh a ni . Ruh inkar ah hian synovial membrane a awm a . Hei hi fluid-a khat sac ang a ni. Hei hian joint a ti lubricate a, a venghim bawk. He extra cushioning hian synovial joint te chu friction tlem thei ang bera a kal theihna tur a ni.

Functionally chuan khup hi hinge joint a ni.. Kawngkhar hinge ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. A hmun thenkhat chu a che lo va, a then erawh chu kawngkhar hawn leh khar turin hla deuhah a che thin. Khup ang bawkin hip joint hian he dan bulpui ang chiah hi a zawm a - kawng khatah a inhawng thei a, a khar thei bawk.

Khup hi engtin nge a awm?

I khup hi heng hmun hrang hrang atanga siam a ni ber:

• Ruh
• Cartilage a ni
• Ligaments (ligaments) te
• Muscle te hi a ni
• Nerves a awm

Heng zawng zawng hi a hranin han thlir ila.

Khup ruh a awm

Khup ruh hi ruh lian pathum atanga siam a ni a:

• Femur: Hei hi i kawr chhunga ruh sei ber leh chak ber a ni.
• Tibia: Hei hi i ke hnuai lam chhunga ruh rit phur ber a ni.
• Patella: Hei hi kan hriat vek kneecap chu a ni. Khup hma lama awm ruh te tak te, triangular tak a ni.

Heng ruhte inzawmna hmunte hi articulations emaw articulating surfaces emaw an ti a . I khup hian chutiang articulation surface pahnih a nei a:

• Patellofemoral joint: Hei hi khup (patella) leh thigh bone (femur) inzawmna hmun a ni.
• Tibiofemoral joint: Hei hi tibia leh femur inzawmna hmun a ni.

Khup ruh (knee cartilage) a awm

Cartilage hi connective tissue chak tak, flexible tak a ni a, i ruhte a venghim a, i taksa pum puiah shock absorber angin a thawk bawk.

I khup chhungah hian cartilage chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• Hyaline cartilage: Hei hi i taksaa cartilage chi hrang hrang awm tam ber a ni. Doctor thenkhat chuan articular cartilage an ti bawk . I ruhte a line a, i ruh tawp a cushion bawk. Hyaline cartilage hi a hmin hle a, a hnim bawk. Chuvangin i ruhte chu i ruh chhungah a inthlau thei hle. I thigh bone, shin bone leh kneecap te hian he hyaline cartilage hian an khawih na hmunah a khuh a.
• Fibrocartilage: A hming ang bawkin hei hi cartilage chi khat a ni a, fiber dense tak tak atanga siam a ni. Taksa peng hrang hrang vawng tlat thei leh shock hip thei khawpa chak a ni. I khup chhunga meniscus hi he fibrocartilage wedge pahnih atanga siam a ni. Hei hian thigh bone leh shin bone inkar gap chu a cushion a ni.

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh, cartilage hi car-a tire ang a ni. Tire a chhe chuan car khalh a harsa thin a, khup chhunga cartilage a chhe tawh ang bawkin khup i sawn chuan a na thin.

Khup chhunga ligaments (ligaments) te

Knee ligaments hi tissue band a ni a, chu chuan i thigh bone chu i ke hnuai lam ruh nen a thlunzawm a ni. Hengte hian i khup chu a vawng tlat a, a tul lo taka a kal kual loh nan a veng a ni.

I khup chhungah hian ligament chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• Collateral ligaments: Heng collateral ligament pahnih hi i khup sir lehlamah band pahnih ang mai an ni.
• Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL): Hei hi i khup chhungah a awm a. I thigh bone leh i shin bone a thlunzawm thin.
• Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL): Hei hi khup pawn lamah a awm a. I thigh bone chu fibula , shin bone pawn lama awm ruh te tak te nen a thlunzawm a ni.

Heng lateral ligament te hian khup chu a sir lehlamah a inher lutuk loh nan a veng a ni.

• Cruciate ligaments: Heng cruciate ligament pahnih hi khup ruh chhungah a awm a. Thigh bone chu shin bone nen an thlunzawm a ni. An in cross over a, ‘X’ shape an siam a ni. Heng cruciate ligaments te hian khup hmalam leh hnunglam pan dan an thunun a ni.
• Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL): Hei hi khup hma lamah a awm a. He ``ACL'' hi infiamna neih laiin a hliam fo tih i hre tawh mai thei.
• Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL): Hei hi ACL hnung lamah, khup hnung lamah a awm a.

Khup ruh (khup ruh) te

Muscle hi elastic fiber atanga siam soft tissue a ni. Taksa peng hrang hrang hip leh sawn turin an contract (flex) thin. I ke bula ruh tam tak chuan i khup chetna a thunun a.

Khup ben na tura puitu muscle te hi flexors an ti a . Entirna thenkhat chu:

• `Articularis chi hrang hrang`
• `Rectus femoris` tih a ni
• `Vastus lateralis` tih a ni
• `Vastus inkara awm`
• `Vastus medialis` tih a ni

Extensor te hi khup tizau tura puitu leh heng flexors te dodaltu muscle te an ni. Khup control tu extensor thenkhat chu:

• `Biceps femoris` tih a ni
• `Semitendinosus` tih a ni
• `Semimembranosus` tih a ni
• `Gastrocnemius` tih a ni
• `Plantaris` tih a ni
• `Gracilis` tih a ni
• `Popliteus` tih a ni

Heng taksa pengte hi a buaithlak deuhin lang mah se, a awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he taksa peng hi khup ben leh tihzauh nan a pawimawh hle a, chubakah khup nghet taka awm reng nan a pawimawh hle bawk.

Khup nerve a awm

Nerve hi cable ang a ni. I thluak leh i taksa dangte inkarah electrical impulse an keng tel a ni. Heng impulse te hi sensation petu leh i taksa ruhte ti che theitu an ni. I khup chhunga nerve lian ber ber thenkhat chu:

• Femoral nerve a ni
• Sciatic nerve a ni
• Tibial nerve a ni
• Peroneal nerve a ni

Heng nerve-te hian chhiatna eng emaw a thlen chuan khup na a thlen thei a, ke a ti na thei a, keah pawh hriatna a hloh thei bawk.

Khup tibuaitu harsatna tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?

I ruh emaw connective tissue emaw tichhe thei thil eng pawh hian i khup a nghawng thei a ni. Entir nan:

• Arthritis: Hei hi ruhkawr a lo hring chhuak thin a ni.
• Osteoarthritis: Hei hi ruhkawr chhunga cartilage awmte a chhe thinna a ni. Kum upat rualin a tam zawk.
• Bursitis: Khup chhunga tuiin a khat bawm te tak te, bursa an tih te chu a hring chhuak thin.
• Tendinitis: Ruh leh ruh thlunzawmtu tendons a inflammation.
• Osteoporosis: Ruh a chak lo va, a chhe awlsam thin.

Infiamna kaihhnawih hliam hi khup hliam nasat ber pawl an ni:

• ACL mittui tla
• MCL mittui a tla
• Meniscus mittui a tla
• Khup a sei lutuk
• Sprains a awm
• Ruh tliak a awm
• Dislocations te pawh a awm
• Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): Khup ruh nena inzawm natna.

Khup atanga hmuh theih symptoms te

I hmuh tur symptoms chu i khup nghawng danah a innghat ang. Mahse, khup lama harsatna tam zawk hi chuan hetiang hian symptom a nei a:

• Natna (a bik takin chet lai) .
• Inflammation (a hring) .
• Khup vel rawng danglam emaw, sen emaw
• A lum emaw, a lum emaw tih hriat
• Grinding sound emaw sensation emaw a ni
• "Pop" sound emaw sensation emaw a ni

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. Doctor pan nghal rawh.

Khup enfiah nan test a nei thin

I khup natna emaw, danglamna emaw i hriat veleh doctor pan nghal rawh. Doctor-te’n khup harsatna hriat theihna atana an hman ṭhin test ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• X-ray hmanga tih a ni
• Ultrasound hmanga tih a ni
• Joint aspiration: Joint atanga tui tlemte lakchhuah a, test dan a ni.
• CT scan hmanga tih a ni
• MRI hmanga tih a ni

A châng chuan doctor chuan i khup chu a ti che ang a, a ben ang a, a tizau ang a, meniscus torn emaw ligament chhia emaw a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang. Heng test thenkhat hi chu:

• `McMurray test` tih a ni
• `Apley test` tih a ni
• `Thessaly test` tih a ni
• ``Valgus leh varus stress test te''.

Heng hmingte hi mak deuhin a lang thei a, mahse hengte hi doctor-te’n i khup dinhmun dik taka an hriatthiam theih nan an hman dan te chu a ni.

Engtin nge i khup hrisel taka i vawn theih ang?

I khup enkawl that dan tha ber chu hriselna zawng zawng tha tak neih hi a ni. Chumi awmzia chu:

• I duh ang ei leh in hrisel leh exercise plan zawm.Obesity hian khup ah pressure a pe nasa hle.
• Medical checkup neih fo la, i khup a danglamna emaw, a lan chhuah dan emaw i hriat veleh doctor pan rawh.
• Thiltih, infiamna, hna i thawh apiangah invenna hmanraw \ha tak ha rawh. Entirnan, infiamna kan khelh hian khup vengtu ang chi thil hmang thin ang che.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message) .

I khup hi i taksa ruh lian ber a ni. Tin, hna lian tak an nei bawk - i ding thei, i che thei a, i ke i hman theih nan tanpui che. Eng thil pawh ti la, i khup hi i nitin hnathawhnaah i hmang nasa hle.

Kan khup hi thil tam takah kan hman avangin kan taksa ruh hliam tuar ber pakhat a ni. Mi zawng zawng hian a chang chuan natna tlem kan nei thei a, mahse khup symptoms hi ngaihthah ngai suh . Thil danglam bik i hriat veleh doctor rawn rawh. I khup ruh chhunga thil thlengte hriatthiamna leh i khup hrisel, chak leh hnathawh thatna tur enkawlna dik tak zawng turin a pui thei che a ni. I khup kha enkawl tha la, i tan a pawimawh em em a ni!

` Khup, khup ruh, ruh, cartilage, ligament, khup na, khup natna