I nu duh tak, i pa emaw, i pi emaw hian hun engemaw chen chu anmahni button dah turin hun an hmang tih i hmu tawh em? A nih loh leh tea siam laiin tlem a theihnghilh hmel em? Heng thil tenawm tak takte hi nitin kan hmu thin. A châng chuan kan theihnghilh ṭhin a, "Kan tar hunah chutiang chiah chu a ni," tiin kan ngaihtuah ṭhin. Mahse heng thil awlsam tak takte hian a takah chuan kan hriselna chungchang hi a sawi nasa hle a, a bik takin mahni inrintawkna neia kan nun theihna chungchang hi a sawi nasa hle. Chu chu damdawi lama "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)" kan tih chu a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, heng nitin nunphung (ADL) te hi engte nge ni?
Hei hi a awlsam hle. ADL hi kan taksa enkawl leh hrisel taka kan awm theihna tura nitin kan tih tur pawimawh tak a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, zing kan thawh atanga zan mut thlenga kan thil tih te hi. Chaw ei te, inbual te, toilet kal te tello chuan kan khawsa thei lo. Chu chu thil bulpui ber a ni.
Tin, hei hian complexity tlem a belhchhah bawk. Entirnan, sum enkawl dan te, in lama thil lei tur rawn ken te, chaw siam te, leh thawmhnaw sawp te ang chi thil te. Hengte tel lo chuan mahni chauha leh mahni inrintawkna neia khawsak hi a harsa khawp mai, a dik em?
A châng chuan mi pakhatin heng hna thawhnaah hian hun rei lote chhûng chauh ṭanpuina a mamawh a ni. I ke tliak a, zai i nei tawh angin han mitthla teh. Hun engemaw chen chu inbual emaw, mahni chauha kal emaw i harsat ang. Chutih hunah chuan tu emaw chuan tanpuina a mamawh dawn a ni. Mahse, hliam a dam tawh chuan heng thilte hi nangmah chauhin i ti leh thei tawh ang.
Mahse mi thenkhat chuan heng hna thawk tur hian hun rei tak chhung tanpuina an mamawh a, an dam chhung zawng pawh a ni mai thei. Hei hi chronic condition an neih vang a ni. Entîr nân, ruh natna nasa tak nei tu emaw chuan an ke ruhte a ben ṭha thei lo va, a dinglam theih loh avângin thawmhnaw button emaw, ei emaw a harsat phah thei a ni. Chutiang bawkin, hriatrengna hloh zual zel (Alzheimer natna ang chi) nei chuan chaw siam leh sum hman ang chi thilte chu a theihnghilh tan thei a ni.
Hemi chungchang hi i doctor hnenah sawipui hlau suh. "Aw, tunah chuan keimah chauhin ka ti thei lo tih hi ka zak lutuk" tih ngaihtuah suh. Heng thilte hi mi tam tak chungah a thleng thin. Dik tak chuan he thu hi i sawi hma poh leh kan tanpui a awlsam zawk.
Doctor ten heng ADL te hi hmun hnih ah an then a. A hranin han en ila.
1. Nitin hnathawh tur bulpui (Basic ADLs) .
2. Nitin nunphung hmanraw hmanna (Instrumental ADLs emaw IADLs) .
Nitin thiltih bulpui (ADLs) - Dam khawchhuahna atana thil pawimawh tak takte
Hei hian dam khawchhuahna atana kan tih tur tak tak, kan taksa nena inzawm tlat thilte pawh a huam tel a ni. Chûngte chu kan taksa mamawh bulpui ang a ni. Chung zinga pakhat mah kan tih theih loh chuan kan hriselna a nghawng nghal dawn a ni.
Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh. I kal thei a, mahse i balance hloh a, i kal laiin i tlu a nih chuan chu chu harsatna a ni. I ti thei tihna a ni a, mahse him takin i ti thei lo . In lama rug te tak te i tlu a, i tlu a, emaw, bathroom-a i tlu a, i tlu a nih chuan, chutiang thil chu i doctor hnenah i hrilh ngei ang.
Heng thilte hi "I tar huna a awm dan chauh a ni" tih ngaihtuahin dah sawn suh. Inthlâkthlengna tê tê pawh hi buaina lian tak bul ṭanna a ni thei.
| ADL bulpui ber | A awlsam zawngin... |
|---|---|
| Chaw pek | Plate atanga chaw lakkhawm a, i ka chhunga dah theihna. Hei hian chaw siam a huam lo. |
| Dressing te pawh a awm | Mahni chauha thawmhnaw thlan theihna, bun theihna leh button leh zipper te khauh theihna. |
| Inbual/Mimal Faina | Inbual, taksa sil, ha sil, leh mahni chauha sam hrual ang chi thil tih theihna. |
| Toileting a awm bawk | Bathroom-a mahni chauha kal theihna, deed tih theihna leh fai taka lo haw theihna. |
| Continence tih hi a ni | An duh hun leh duhna hmun chauha bawlhhlawh paih leh zun chhuah theihna control. |
| Transfer/Mobility tih a ni | Khum atanga tho chhuakin ṭhutphah a thut emaw, ṭhutphah aṭanga tho va, kal emaw ang chite che thei. |
Assisted Living Activities (IADLs) - Mahni chauha nun theihna tura puitu thil
Tunah chuan a \hen hnihna hi han thlir ila. Hengte hi `Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) kan ti a ni.` Hengte hi chutiang hna bulpui ang maia nun atan chuan a pawimawh lo mai thei. Amaherawhchu, mi pakhatin khawtlângah amah chauha, him taka, mahni inrintawkna neia khawsa tur a nih chuan heng hnate hi a thawk thei tur a ni. Hei hian tlem a buaithlak a, ruahmanna siam a ngai a, ruahmanna siam a ngai bawk.
Vawi tam tak chu mi pakhatin tanpuina a mamawh hunah a rilruah a lo lang hmasa ber a, heng IADL te hi a tih theih loh lai hi a ni. A châng chuan, "Aw, keimah chauhin bus ka chuang thei tawh lo," emaw, "Ka damdawi ei pawh ka theihnghilh ṭhin" tih emaw an hrechhuak ṭhin. A chang chuan chu mi chuan a hre lo a, mahse an chhungte leh Doctor ten a danglamna an hmu thei.
A tam zawkah chuan IADL tih harsa tu pawhin a hmaa kan sawi tawh ADL bulpui (inbual leh ei ang chi) te chu harsatna awm lovin a la ti thei tho. Mahse, hriatrengna nena inzawm natna ang chi thil a awm chuan hun kal zelah ADL bulpui ber pawh tih a harsa tan thin.
| Thil hmanrua nena inzawm hnathawh (IADL) . | A awlsam zawngin... |
|---|---|
| Thilthawnna | Lirthei amah chauha khalh theihna, emaw, bus emaw rel emaw ang chi vantlang lirtheia mahni chauha zin theihna. |
| Damdawi enkawl dan | Damdawi dik tak, a zat tur dik tak, a hun takah ei tur hre reng thei. |
| Finances enkawl dan | Bill pek te, pawisa chhiar leh thil lei te, banking tih te ang chi thil hriatthiam leh tih theihna. |
| Inbiaktawnna | Phone hmanga call theihna, lehkha ziah theihna, email check theihna. |
| Thil lei | I in atana i mamawh tur list siam thei, dawrah kal la, chu thil chu thlang la, a man pe la, in lamah rawn hruai thei. |
| Chaw siam/Chaw ei tur buatsaih dan | Chaw siamna atana thil tul hrang hrang buatsaih thiam leh ruahmanna anga chaw ei tur him taka siam theihna. |
| In enkawl leh Laundry te | In sawh fai te, fai taka vawn te, mahni thawmhnaw sil leh vawt te tih theih. |
Engtik laiin nge doctor te hian heng ADL te hi an zawn thin?
Hei hi mi zawng zawng chunga tih reng reng test a ni lo va, mahse dinhmun thenkhatah chuan a bik takin en a ni. Chutiang dinhmunte chu:
- Damdawi ina i awm laiin: Damdawi inah natna avanga enkawl i nih chuan nurse leh doctor-te chuan in lama an thawn hmain mahni inrintawkna neiin i thawk thei em tih an enfiah ang.
- Surgery hnu emaw, accident emaw, stroke emaw: Hetiang thil hnua taksa hnathawh a tlahniam avangin, dam leh hunah heng theihnate hi an chhui fo thin.
- Hriatrengna leh thluak hnathawh tichhe thei natna a awm chuan: `Alzheimer's disease` leh `Parkinson's disease` ang chi natna vei te dinhmun hi hun kal zelah a danglam thin avangin mahni inrintawkna neia hna an thawh theih leh theih loh enfiah fo thin a ni.
- Rilru lam harsatna a awm hunah: Rilru lam harsatna thenkhat chuan mi pakhatin a hna a thawh duhna leh a thawh theihna a ti tlem thei a. Hei hi ngaihven hun a ni bawk.
Engtin nge heng theihnate hi teh a nih?
Hemi atan hian Doctor ten hmanraw hrang hrang an hmang thin.
- Direct observation: Mi pakhatin hna a thawh lai direct-in i en a, i tih theih dan tur i teh thin.
- Enkawltu Zawh: Enkawltu i neih chuan i theihnate zawt la, thu hriat tur la rawh.
- Self-report: A chang chuan , "Hei hi nangmah chauhin i ti thei ang em? Eng harsatna nge awm?"
Heng hmanrua pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw hmang hian i mamawh tanpuina level i hre thei ang. Chumi a\ang chuan i doctor chuan hetiang hian a rawt thei ang:
- Assistive devices hman: Kalna atana walker, ei tur special cutlery, leh bathroom atana handle ang chi thil.
- In chhung boruak tihdanglam: Thil chi hrang hrang, kut nghahna nei chair hman te, rug hnim hring paih te, etc.
- Ṭanpui tura mi lak: Inchhung hna emaw, `home health aide` rawngbawlna emawa pui turin mi lak.
- In luah tur dang: Thil awmdan azirin assisted living emaw nursing home ang chi hmuna refer tur.
Katz ADL Scale zawhna chhanna chungchang pawh i zir dawn bawk ang.
Hei hi khawvel hmun hrang hranga doctor ten an hman lar tak a ni. Chu chu `Nitin nunphung lama zalenna katz Index` emaw `Katz ADL scale` emaw an ti a. A hmaa kan sawi tawh Basic ADL 6 te kha nangmah ngeiin i tih theih dan tur a teh a ni.
Hei hi a awlsam hle. Nangmah chauha i tih theih hna pakhatah point 1 i pe a, tanpuina tel lovin. Hnathawh tur tanpui ngai apiangah point 0 i pe thin. A score sang ber chu 6 a ni.
Score 6 a nih chuan a tam zawk chu mahni inrintawkna neiin i thawk thei tihna a ni. Score 2 emaw a aia tlem emaw chuan nitin hnathawhnaah tanpuina tam zawk i mamawh tihna a ni.
Chu basic ADL 6 te chu eng nge ni a, mark hmuh theih nan eng nge i tih tur tih chu i en ang u.
| Activity chu Katz Scale hmanga teh a ni | Point 1 hmuh duh chuan... |
|---|---|
| 1. Inbual | I taksa pum pui hi engmah tanpuina awm lovin i silfai tur a ni (i hmai ang bawkin hmun khat silfai nan tanpuina tlem tal lak pawh a pawi lo). |
| 2. Incheina | An inchei thiam tur a ni a, button leh zip ang chi thil an ti thei tur a ni (kekawr hrui khih nan tanpuina dil pawh a pawi lo). |
| 3. Toilet hman dan tur | Toilet-ah i kal thei tur a ni a, i thu thei tur a ni a, i tho thei tur a ni a, tanpuina tel lovin fai takin i lo haw thei tur a ni. |
| 4. Sawn chhuah | I tho thei tur a ni a, khum emaw, thutthleng emaw atang pawhin tanpuina tel lovin i thu thei tur a ni. |
| 5. Insum theihna | I bowel leh bladder movement te chu i control kim thei tur a ni. |
| 6. Chaw pek | I plate atanga i ka thlenga ei tur chu nangmah chauhin i phur thei tur a ni. |
Doctor chuan Katz ADL scale hi a hmang ang a, zawhna dang, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, IADLs tehna te nen, i dinhmun kimchang takin a hmu ang. Chutiang zawhna chu internet-ah i hmu a nih chuan fill up suh la, nangmah chauhin thutlukna siam suh. Thu hriatte chu i hrilhfiah sual mai thei. Thil tha ber leh him ber chu doctor nen inbia a, a kaihhruaina hnuaiah heng thilte hi tih hi a ni a, nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw pawhin hetiang harsatna hi i tawk a nih chuan.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Activities of daily living (ADLs) hi kan tih dan pangngai a ni. Kan tar chhoh zel emaw, damdawi lam thil vang emaw hian hengte hi a harsa zual thin.
- A pawimawh ber chu activity pakhat chu him taka tih theih a nih leh nih loh hi a ni . I tlu dawn emaw, i tlu dawn emaw a nih chuan chu chu harsatna lian tak a ni.
- Nangmah emaw, i chhungte tu emaw hian hetiang harsatna tenau pawh hi i hriat chuan thup suh la , i doctor nen inbia nghal rawh.
- He thu hi i sawi hma poh leh nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw tanpui thei tur, him taka awmtir thei tur leh nun ti awlsam thei tur solution zawng chu a awlsam zawk ang.
- Hêng inthlâk danglamnate avânga lungngai, lungkham, emaw, mahni chauha awm i nih chuan, chutiang chungchânga mental health counselor hnêna inbiakna neih chu a ṭangkai hle thei a ni.
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