I mit leh i thluak inthlauhna tlem a awm em? Binocular Vision Dysfunction (BVD) chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

A chang chuan lu na i nei em? A nih loh leh thuziak line-te chu a zuang chhuak emaw, lehkhabu emaw, chanchinbu emaw i chhiar laiin thil pahnih vawi khatah i hmu ang tih i hria em? A nih loh leh, i mit chu a châng chuan a chau a, a rit tih a inhria em? Heng thilte chhan pakhat chu i mit leh i thluak inzawmna (coordination)-a harsatna tlem a awm vang a ni thei. Chutiang dinhmun chu vawiin hian kan sawi dawn a ni. Binocular vision dysfunction an ti a, doctor-te’n `(Binocular Vision Dysfunction - BVD)` an tih angin a ni.

Binocular Vision Dysfunction hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Binocular Vision Dysfunction (BVD) tih hi i mit leh i thluak a thawk ho tha lo a ni. Hetiang thil a lo thlen hian khawvel hi thlalak pakhat, chiang tak angin kan hmu lo. Natna pakhat chauh a ni lo, umbrella ang mai a ni. Chu umbrella hnuaiah chuan dinhmun hrang hrang a awm thei. Chutiang dinhmun tin hian chhan hrang hrang an nei thei a ni.

Mit pahniha kan en hian mit pakhat hian thluak lamah signal hrang hrang tlemte a thawn a, mit dangin signal hrang hrang tlemte a thawn bawk. Chuta tang chuan binocular vision a intan ta a ni. Binocular vision hi level lian pathum a awm a, chungte chu:

1. Macular perception : I mit chhunga retina lai takah hian macula an tih hmun a awm a. Hei hian kan hmaa thil awmte, a bik takin thil chipchiar tak takte hmuh theihna min pe a ni. Macular perception tih awmzia chu mit pahnih hian thil pakhat chiang takin an hmu thei tihna a ni. Hei hi binocular vision level awlsam ber a ni.

2. Fusion : Hei hi i thluak hian mit pahnih atanga signal hmangin image hrang hrang pahnih a siam a, chutah chuan a "merge" a, a matching parts te chu a dah khawm a, image lian zawk pakhat a siam a ni. Thlalak pahnih paste khawm ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.

3. Stereopsis : Hei hi binocular vision level hmasawn ber a ni. Chumi awmzia chu i thluak hian thlalak pahnih chu a belhkhawm mai aia tam a ti thei tihna a ni. I mit hian thil a hmuhna angle leh distance hrang hrang te te hmangin 3D vision leh depth perception a pe che a ni . Hei hi thil pakhat a hlat zia leh a thuk zia chiang taka kan hriat dan a ni.

He `(BVD)` dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Umbrella term ``BVD'' hnuaiah hian condition tam tak a awm a. Mi tam tak chu a awm vak lo nain, thenkhat erawh chu a awm ve tho. Entirna pawimawh tak pakhat chu ``lazy eye'' emaw, damdawi lam tawngkam chuan ``amblyopia'' emaw hi a ni. United States-ah ringawt pawh hian mi maktaduai 6 atanga maktaduai 13 velin he natna hi an vei a ni. Sri Lanka ramah pawh hetiang natna vei an awm bawk.

BVD natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

I thluak hian binocular vision hmangin process leh theihna dang engemaw zat a siam emaw, a thlawp emaw a ni. Ṭhenkhat chu mit nena inzawm lo angin a lang thei a, mahse BVD hian heng thil kalphung eng pawh hi a tibuai thei a ni. A nghawng thenkhat chu a tlem avangin harsatna lian tham a thlen lo. Mahse mi dangte chuan an tibuai hle thei a, a châng chuan i hnathawh emaw, i hobby emaw a tibuai thei bawk.

Natna nena inzawm thil thleng

BVD i neih hian i mit leh thluak hian a insiamrem theih nan leh a hloh chu rul turin nasa zawkin hna a thawk a ngai a ni. He extra strain hian i mit vel muscle te chu a ti strain thei a ni. Hei hian i lu leh i kawng a ti na thei bawk a, chu chuan lu na a thlen thei bawk . BVD natna avanga natna awm thei te chu:

• Mit na a na.
• Mit tichhe thei (asthenopia).
• Lu na.
• Mit tihchet laiin natna.

Vision nena inzawm thil thleng

Mit lama harsatna hi BVD vang emaw, BVD vang emaw a ni thei. A chang chuan harsatna dang hi BVD vang nge harsatna dangin BVD a thlen tih hriat a harsa thin. BVD natna avanga mit lama harsatna awm thei te chu:

• Mit hmuh fiah lo, hmuh fiah lo.
• Thil pahnih vawi khata hmuh (diplopia) .
• Eng laka hriatna (photophobia).
• Thilte chu thlalakin a hual vel ang maia chiang taka hmuh.
• Close-up thil chiang taka hmuh (focus) harsa.
• Zanah mit hmuhna a tlahniam (`nyctalopia`).
• Computer screen leh phone screen en harsatna (`computer vision syndrome`).
• Thil tenau, chiang lo, hla tak tak hmuh leh hriat harsa.

Thil dang hmuh theihna nena inzawm lo, mahse hriat theih

Chungte chu hriatna dang nen a inzawm a, mahse hmuhna hian hei hi a pui a ni. Entirna tha tak chu i taksa balance hi a ni . Hei hi i beng chhung lam atanga lo chhuak a ni ber. Mahse i mit atanga information lo chhuak hian i beng chhunga balance sensor te pawh a pui bawk. Entirnan, lirthei khalh laiin lehkhabu i chhiar a nih chuan mi thenkhat chuan a inthlauhna avang hian luak chhuah duhna an nei thin. BVD natna avanga nghawng a neih theih thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Taksa balance lama harsatna a awm.
• Coordination lama harsatna (a bik takin kut leh mit inrem lohna). Entirnan, ball man emaw, chabi thlak emaw harsat.
• Buaina neia inhriatna (Disorientation).
• Luak chhuak emaw, lu hahdam emaw.
• Tlu dawn ta.
• Khualzinnaah nausea leh luak chhuak (motion sickness).
• Line dik taka kal harsa, furniture leh kawngkhar nena inhnaih fo.
• I ding reng lai pawhin i inher ang maia inhriatna (vertigo).

Chhiar leh chhiar nena inzawm nghawng

Heng effects te hi i chhiar hian a lo lang thei a ni. Naupangah chuan hei hi dyslexia ang chi zirlai harsatna angin a lang thei.Lehkhabu chhiar harsatna hriat chian thiam zirtirtuten hengte hi naupangteah an hmu thei a ni. Mahse hei hi ``(BVD)`` vang nge thil dang vang tih chiang taka hriat theih nan test hrang hrang engemaw zat a ngai a ni. Chhiar danah nghawng a neih dan:

• Mitmengah chau tih hriatna.
• Chhiar laiin line emaw phek emaw skip fo thin (hei hian bookmark emaw finger emaw ang chi thil hmanga chhiar a ngai a ni).
• Hriat thiam tur chuan vawi tam tak chhiar a ngai a, chuti chung pawh chuan hriatthiam a harsa hle.
• Chhiar laiin line-te tan hmun siamsak.
• Number string sei tak (a bik takin number inang repeated nei) hi chhiar a harsa a, a chhan chu comma ang mark tel lo chuan chiang taka hmuh theih a nih loh vang a ni.
• Thumal chu a inzawm tlat niin a lang.

Rilru lama nghawng a neih dan

Heng zawng zawng hi mitdelna avanga thil awmdan emaw, boruak thenkhat emaw i hmachhawn harsat vang a ni. Entirnan:

• Mipui tamna hmun pumpelh, a chhan chu chutih hunah chuan sensory overload i tawk ang a, phurrit, lungkham leh hlauhna i nei ang.
• Supermarket leh shopping mall ang chiah, eng mawi tak, rawng hring hring awmna hmuna awm harsa.
• Mipui hmun emaw hmun zau/hawng emaw hlauhna pangngai lo (`agoraphobia`).
• Mi dangte hmuh theih thil, lirthei khalh emaw, infiamna emaw, a nih loh leh hlauhawm thei thilte chu hlauhna emaw, lungkhamna emaw neih.
• Hmaichhana inbiakna neih hunah mit inhnaih harsa.

Engvangin nge hetiang `(BVD)` hi a lo awm?

BVD thlen thei emaw, thlentu emaw thil chi hrang hrang a awm a:

• Mit lama harsatna nei.
• Mit lama harsatna nei.
• Thluak lama harsatna a awm.
• Thil engemaw zat inzawmkhawm (multi-factor) avanga harsatna lo awm thin.

Mit lama harsatna nei

Hetiang chi hian i mitin retina-a êng a dah dan taksa lama inthlak danglamna emaw, tihdanglam emaw a huam a ni. Entirnan, refractive errors te hi:

• Kum upat deuh deuha hnaih taka hmuh harsa (presbyopia).
• Astigmatism tih hi a ni.
• Farsightedness (thil hla tak chu a chiang a, thil hnai tak chu a fiah lo - `hyperopia`).
• Hmuh rei lo tak (thil hnai lam a chiang a, hla tak thil a fiah lo - `myopia`).

Mit lama harsatna nei

Chûngte chuan i mit inher dân emaw, hnathawh dân emaw inthlâk danglamna a kâwk a ni. Entirnan, mit a inrem tawk lohna dinhmun. Strabismus (mit crossed eyes) leh amblyopia (lazy eye) te hi chutiang entirnan hman tlanglawn tak pahnih an ni.

Neurological lama harsatna a awm

Hengte hi nervous system lama harsatna a ni. Chumi zingah chuan mit chetna control tu nerve thenkhat hnathawh dan lama harsatna te, i retina leh optic nerve hnathawh dan lama harsatna te pawh a tel thei. I thluak hian i mit atanga thu a dawnte chu a process tha thei lo tih harsatna te pawh a huam tel thei bawk.

Hetiang hi a thlen thei dinhmun hrang hrang a awm a. Entirna thenkhat:

• Brain-specific conditions, entirnan migraine emaw stroke emaw.
• Nerve hrang hranga awm, entirnan, sixth nerve palsy.
• Neurological conditions, entirnan, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) te hi a awm thei lo.

BVD hi thil engemaw zat inzawmkhawm avanga lo awm a ni.

Thil awmdan thenkhat chu a chunga kan sawi zinga pakhatah chauh dah theih a ni lo. Chu ai chuan harsatna chi hrang hrang engemaw zat an thlen thei zawk a ni.

Lu hliam, a bik takin thluaka hliam (concussions or traumatic brain injuries - TBIs) te hi chutiang entir nan chuan a ni. Lu hliam nei tawhte chuan mit alignment leh thluak hian mit atanga information a process danah harsatna an nei thei a ni. Entirna dang chu vestibular migraines hi a ni. Chûngte chuan i mit hmuhna, i balance leh i thluak hnathawh a nghawng nghâl thei a ni.

Tin, mi pakhat hian BVD thlentu natna engemaw zat a nei thei bawk. Entirnan, amblyopia (mit lazy) neia piang chuan puitlin hunah stroke a nei thei. Heng dinhmun pahnih hi dam chhung hun hrang hrangah awm mahse, an pahnih hian naupan lamah BVD an thlen thei a ni.

`(BVD)` avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

BVD nen hian harsatna engemaw zat a awm thei. Eng thilin nge a thlen tih te, i nunah engtikah nge a lo awm tih leh hriselna lama harsatna dang i neih danah a innghat a ni. I mit doctor hi i dinhmun nena inzawm harsatna awm thei te hrilhtu tha ber a ni.

`(BVD)` leh mitdelna ven theih a ni

Naupangte hian harsatna lian tak, awm reng "lazy eye" (amblyopia) an nei thei a, chu chu "BVD" category-ah a tla a ni. Vanneihthlak takin he harsatna hi enkawlna atana hriat hmasak a nih chuan ven theih a ni tlangpui.

BVD i neih hian i thluak hian mit pahnih atanga information inzawmkhawm leh hman a harsat thin. Naupangte chunga hetiang thil a thlen hian an thluak chuan mit dang aiin mit pakhatah a innghat nasa zawk thin. Chutiang a lo thlen chuan mit hman loh chu a chak lo zual zel a.

Mahse, naupang thluaka mit hmuhna tichhe thei hmunte chu a lo thanglian tur chuan mit pahnih a\angin thu dik tak an dawng a ngai a ni. Amblyopia avanga mit pakhat hman an chawlhsan chuan chu thluak hmun chu a lo thang tha lo ang. Chu ai chuan, thu ṭangkai tak tak a awm loh chuan chu lai hmuna thluak cell-te inzawmna chu a tichhe a, a tâwpah chuan a awm reng a ni. Chuvangin amblyopia hriatchhuah leh enkawl hi a pawimawh em em a, a bik takin kum naupang takah chuan.

Engtin nge he `(BVD)` natna hi hriat chhuah a nih?

BVD hi mit lam doctor-in a hriat chian tlangpui. Mahse, natna thenkhat, amblyopia ang chi chu naupang enkawltu doctor-te hriattir a ni. Anmahniin an hmuchhuak emaw, mit lam doctor hnenah an refer che a, chu chuan a hmuchhuak thei a, a enkawl thei bawk.

Mit enfiah dan pangngaiHei hi BVD hriat theihna atana hmanraw tangkai ber a ni. He test-naah hian i mit alignment leh i field of vision pum pui chu enfiah a ni. Test dangte chuan BVD nena inzawm harsatna bikte hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui thei a ni. I mit doctor hi eng test dang nge an rawt a, engtin nge an puih theih tih hrilh turin mi tha ber a ni.

BVD hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

`(BVD)` enkawlna hi a inang lo thei hle a, a chhan awm thei emaw, a thlen thei emaw a nih avangin. `(BVD)` thlentu dinhmun thenkhat tana hnathawk chu midang tan chuan a thawk lo mai thei (enkawl dan dik lo chuan natna chu a ti na zual thei bawk).

Mit leh mit lama harsatna enkawlna hian i mit inkar a inmil lohna siamthat emaw, tihtlem emaw a tum tlangpui. Enkawlna hman tlanglawn tak tak thenkhat chu:

• Vision therapy : Hei hian i mit ruh tichak turin exercise bik a zirtir ang che. I mit chu a hmuna awm reng theihna tura tih loh tur i zir bawk ang.
• Corrective lens leh prism : A châng chuan glasses (leh, a tam lo zawkah chuan contact lens) hian BVD a pui thei bawk. Mit chhunga êng luh dan an thlak danglam a, hei hian BVD chi hrang hrang a pui thei a ni.
• OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) : Hei hi i mit che vel control tu muscle-a nerve signals block tu damdawi a ni. Hei hian i taksa ruhte chu a sir khatah a inzawm lutuk a nih chuan a pui thei a ni.

Enkawlna dang tam tak a awm a, a bik takin thluak lam natna (BVD) tan chuan a enkawl dan pawh a tam hle. I mit specialist chuan eng treatment nge i tan a tha tih a hrilh thei che a ni. Chutiang enkawlnate avanga side effect emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih theih dan te, chu chu eng nge i tih theih tih te pawh an hrilh thei bawk.

`(BVD)` ka neih chuan eng nge ka beisei theih ang?

BVD i neih huna i beisei theih chu a thlen thei emaw, a thlentu emaw dinhmun ang bawkin a inang lo. I mit doctor hi i beisei theih leh beisei tur hrilhtu tha ber a ni. Eng chen nge a daih dawn tih te, i dinhmun thlirletna tur te, leh a enkawl dan tur (a theih emaw a tul chuan) pui turin eng nge i tih theih tih te pawh an hrilh thei bawk.

BVD hi ven theih a ni em?

BVD hi 100% a ven theih a ni lo. Mahse a lo awm theihna tur tihtlem nan emaw, a tlem berah chuan a na zual loh nan emaw thil tlemte i tih theih a awm.

• Lu leh mit hliam ven : Mit emaw lu emaw hliam avanga BVD lo awm tur ven dan kawng hrang hrang a awm. Mit venna, helmet, leh safety harness (seat belt ang chi) vuah hian nasa takin a pui thei a ni.
• I mit enfiah fo thin ang che.: Mit enfiah fo hi i mit check-up ang mai a ni. Glasses emaw contact lens emaw mamawh lote pawhin kum khatah vawi hnih mit enfiah tir tur a ni. Heng exam te hian symptoms i neih hmain harsatna tam tak a hmuchhuak thei a ni. Tin, harsatna an hmuh thenkhat (refractive error ang chi) te hian a tawpah chuan BVD a thlen thei emaw, a thlen thei emaw a ni.
• Mit symptoms hi ngaihthah suh : Mit lama harsatna tenau, buaithlak tak tak, ni engemaw zat emaw, kar engemaw zat emaw chhunga lo awm tawh i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. BVD ang harsatna chhinchhiahna hmasa ber an ni thei. Entirnan, double hmuh emaw, mit tichhe emaw, hahna (a bik takin lehkha chhiar tam emaw, computer screen i en rei emaw chuan).

I chhungkuaa tu pawhin BVD thlen thei dinhmun an neih chuan mit lama mithiamte nen inbiakna neih a tha. BVD natna tihkhawtlai nan emaw, a lo chhuah hun sawn nan emaw, (a theih chuan) venna atan pawh i tih theih dang an hrilh thei che a ni.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang emaw, doctor thurawn ka lak ang?

``BVD'' thlen thei dinhmun tam tak hi a nuam lo emaw, a tibuai thei emaw a, mahse a tam zawk chu a hlauhawm lo. Mahse, stroke leh transient ischemic attack (TIA) hi special case a nih avangin nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei.

Stroke leh transient ischemic attack (TIA) te hi damdawi lama emergency nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Stroke emaw TIA emaw vaukhânna chhinchhiahna i nei thei nia i ngaih chuan 911 (or i awmna hmuna emergency number) call nghal rawh.

Ka mit lam doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I mit specialist hnenah heng zawhnate hi i zawt mai thei:

• Eng ang `(BVD)` dinhmun nge ka neih, a nih loh leh eng thil nge a thlen?
• Ka `(BVD)` dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a pawi a, a zual thei ang em?
• Ka `(BVD)` dinhmun hian enkawl a ngai em? Chutiang a nih chuan eng enkawlna nge i rawt?
• `(BVD)` hi tihdam/reversed theih a ni em?

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Binocular Vision Dysfunction (BVD) hi thil pakhatin i mit a thawh dun dan leh i thluak nena thawhhona tha tak a nghawng tih a tilang a ni. Khawvel hi thlalak pakhat, chiang tak angin i hmu lo tihna a ni. A chhan tam zawk hi a na lo hle - stroke leh transient ischemic attack (TIAs) (a tlangpuiin symptom langsar dang nena lo awm) tih loh chu.

Mahse, hlauhawm lo mahse, BVD hian hnathawh a ti harsa thei a, hobby nuam tak a siam thei a, hmangaih tak takte nen hun hman a harsa thei bawk. BVD symptoms i neih chuan pawm mai mai suh la, nunpui tum mai suh. Mit lam doctor hmuh hian BVD tidanglam thei emaw, tihtawp theihna tur emaw damdawi zawng turin a pui thei che a ni.Tichuan, nangmah leh i tana pawimawh ber thilte inkarah hian hmuh theiha harsatna awm lovin i nung thei ang.

` Binocular vision dysfunction, BVD, mit lama harsatna, double vision, lazy eye, amblyopia, mit nasat, lu na, blurred vision