Kan taksaah thisen kan nei vek a, mahse thisen zawng zawng hi a inang vek lo tih i hria em? Mi pakhatin, ‘Ka thisen hi O positive’ emaw, ‘He/She is B negative’ emaw a tih i hre tawh mai thei. Thisen chi hi eng chiah nge ni? Engvangin nge emergency leh naupai ang hunah hian a pawimawh em em? Vawiin hian he thu hi i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, he thisen chi hi eng nge ni?
Thisen chi hi doctor ten i thisen chu midang thisen nen a inmil em tih an hriat theih nan classification a ni. Thisen chi hrang hrang pali a awm a, chungte chu A, B, AB, leh O te an ni.
Mahse thawnthu hi chutiang chuan a tawp lo. I thisen sen (red blood cells) hian protein bik dang a nei em tih pawh an enfiah bawk. Hei hi Rh factor an ti a . He Rh factor hi i thisenah a awm a nih chuan i thisen type chu positive (+) a ni. A awm loh chuan negative (-) a ni.
Heng pahnih hi kan inzawm khawm chuan kan zinga thisen chi hrang hrang 8 awm tam ber chu a lo piang ta a ni:
- A Positive (A+) a ni.
- A Negative (A-) a ni.
- B Positive (B+) a ni.
- B Negative (B-) a ni.
- AB positive (AB+) a ni.
- AB Negative (AB-) a ni.
- O positive (O+) a ni.
- O negative (O-) a ni.
Miin emergency blood transfusion a mamawh palh hlauh chuan i thisen chi hrang hrang hriat hi a pawimawh hle. Heng thisen chi hrang hrangte inmil hi organ transplant-ah pawh a pawimawh hle.
Engtin nge heng thisen chi hrang hrang hi an hriat theih? Antigen chu eng nge ni?
I thisen chi hi i thisen sen (red blood cells) chunglama marker thenkhat hmanga teh a ni. Damdawi lamah chuan heng marker te hi antigens kan ti thin.
A awlsam zawngin, heng antigens te hi i thisen cell-a nametag inbun ang mai an ni. He nametag hi i taksa immune system-in heng thisen cell te hi ‘self’ nge ‘foreign’ tih hriatna atana a hman thin a ni.
Antigen chi hnih kan en thin hi chi hnih a awm a. ‘A’ leh ‘B’ an ni. He system hi ABO system kan ti a .
| Thisen chi hrang hrang | Thisen sen hring (red blood cells) chunglama antigen awm chu |
|---|---|
| Type A tih a ni | A antigen pakhat chauh a awm. |
| Type B tih a ni | B antigen chauh a awm. |
| AB tih type rawh | A leh B antigen pahnih a awm. |
| Type O tih a ni | A leh B antigen a awm lo. |
Rh factor kan sawi leh tur hi RhD antigen a awm leh awm loh atanga teh a ni.
- Positive (+): I thisen sen (red blood cells) te hian RhD antigen an nei a.
- Negative (-): I thisen sen (red blood cells) te hian RhD antigen an nei lo.
RhD positive thisen chi hrang hrang hi khawvelah a tam ber a. RhD negative hi a tlem deuh hlek a ni.
Engvangin nge thisen chi hrang hrangte hi a inmil a ngai?
Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Mi pakhatin accident a tawk a, thisen a hloh nasa hle tih han ngaihtuah teh. Thisen pek vat a ngai a ni. Mahse an taksain ‘anmahni ta’ anga a pawm tur thisen chi khat pek an ngai a ni.
Thisen chi hrang hrang inmil lo i pek chuan eng nge thleng ang?
A awlsam zawngin, antigen (name tag) hriat loh thisen i taksaah a lut a nih chuan i immune system chuan hmelmaah a ngai a, a rawn bei tan ta a ni. Hei hi thil hlauhawm tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak pawh a ni. Chuvangin thisen pek dawnin thisen type matching hi tih ngei ngei tur a ni.
Hei hi thisen chi hrang hrang a inmil dan chu a ni:
| I thisen chi hrang hrang (recipient) . | Thisen i dawn theihna tur mi (donors) . |
|---|---|
| A+ a ni | A+, A-, O+, O- . |
| ANI- | A-, O- . |
| B+ | B+, B-, O+, O- |
| B- . | B-, O- . |
| AB+ (University-a pakhatna dawngtu) . | Thisen chi eng pawh dawng thei a ni. |
| AB- 1000 a ni. | AB-, A-, B-, O- . |
| O+ tih a ni | O+, O- |
| O- (Universal thawhhlawk tak) 1.1. | Type O thisen chauh lak theih a ni. |
‘Universal Donor’, mi zawng zawngin thisen an pek theihna hmun
Type O negative (O-) thisen hi ‘universal donor’ an ti a. Hei hi a chhan chu O- red blood cells hian antigen lian tak tak, A, B, RhD ang chi a nei lo va, thisen chi hrang hrang nei hnenah reaction awm lovin pek theih a ni. Emergency-ah chuan damlo thisen chi hriat chian hun a awm loh chuan Doctor ten O- thisen an hmang nasa ber.
‘Universal Recipient’ chuan tu hnen atangin thisen a dawng thei a ni
AB positive (AB+) thisen nei te chu ‘universal recipient’ an ti a. Chumi awmzia chu thisen chi hrang hrang atangin thisen an dawng thei tihna a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu an thisenah hian antigen pathum, A, B, leh RhD te a awm vek a, chuvangin an taksain pawn lam atanga thisen chi hrang hrang ‘ram dang’ angin a hmu lo.
Thisen chi hian engtin nge naupai hi a nghawng?
Hei hi nu tam tak tan chuan thil pawimawh tak a ni. A bik takin nu thisen hi Rh negative (-) a nih a, naute thisen Rh positive (+) a nih chuan harsatna engemaw zat a awm thei a ni.
Naute hian a pa hnen atangin Rh positive gene a hmu ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Tichuan naute thisen chu Rh positive a ni. Mahse a nu chu Rh negative a ni. Naupai leh nau neih lai hian nausen thisen thenkhat chu nu thisen nen a in pawlh thei a ni. Tichuan nu taksa chuan naute thisen Rh positive chu ‘ram dang’ tiin a hrechiang a, a bei ta a ni.Antibody a lo piang tan ta a ni.
Hei hian naupai hmasa berah nghawng lian tham a nei lo mai thei. Amaherawhchu, a hnua nau pai tur pawh Rh positive a nih chuan a hmaa nu taksain antibody a siamte chuan naute thisen sen (red blood cells) chu a bei thei a ni.
Mahse, hlauhna tur a awm lo! Tunah chuan hei hi enkawlna tha tak tak a awm ta. I naupai tih i hriat chuan i doctor-in test hmasa ber a tih tur pakhat chu i thisen chi leh Rh factor enfiah hi a ni. Rh negative i nih chuan a hun takah Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) tih vaccine pek i ni ang. He vaccine hian nu taksain naute thisen laka antibody a siam theih loh nan a veng a ni.
Thisen chi hrang hrang a awm lo em ni?
Awle. Kan sawi tawh ABO leh Rh system bakah hian thisen sen chung lamah antigen dang 600 chuang a awm thei bawk. Hengte hmanga thisen thliar hranna system dang 30 chuang a awm bawk.
Rh-null hi khawvela thisen chi hrang hrang zingah chuan a tlem ber pawl a ni. He thisen chi hian Rh system nena inzawm antigen a nei lo. A tlem em avangin khawvelah hian mi 50 aia tlem loin he thisen chi hi an nei tih report a ni. Chuvang chuan a chang chuan ‘rangkachak thisen’ an ti thin.
Engtin nge i thisen chi hi i hriat theih ang?
I thisen chi hrang hrang hriat a pawimawh hle. Chu chu hriat theih dan kawng engemaw zat a awm.
- I doctor zawt rawh: I thisen chi hi a hmaa i test tawh report-ah ziah luh a ni thei.
- Thisen pe: Hei hi a tha ber leh hlu ber a ni. Thisen i pek hunah chuan blood bank-in i thisen chi hrang hrang a test ang a, card a pe ang che. Chumi hmang chuan i thisen chi hrang hrang i hre thei a, mi nunna i chhanhim thei bawk.
- Medical test nei rawh: I doctor hnenah thisen sample pe turin i ngen thei a, i thisen chi hrang hrang enfiah tir rawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- I thisen chi hriat hian emergency a thlen hunah i nunna a chhanhim thei a ni.
- Thisen O negative (O-) hi ‘universal donor’ a ni a, tu hnenah pawh thisen a pe thei a ni. AB positive (AB+) thisen chi hi ‘universal recipient’ a ni a, tu hnen atangin thisen a dawng thei a ni.
- Naupai i nih chuan, a bik takin i thisen chi hrang hrang Rh negative (-) a nih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neihpui ngei ngei tur a ni. Thil ngaihtuah tur a awm lo, tunah chuan a tul anga enkawlna zawng zawng a awm tawh.
- Thisen pek hi mi nunna chhanhimna tha tak a ni a, chubakah thisen chi hrang hrang hriatchhuahna tha tak a ni bawk.
- Thisen chi hrang hrang chungchanga zawhna dang i neih chuan chhungkaw doctor zawt hreh ngai suh.
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