I taksa sir khat chu a rilru a buai a, a sir lehlamah a rilru a buai em? Brown-Séquard Syndrome a ni thei ang em?

I taksa sir khata i che thei lo a, a sir lehlamah engmah i hriat lohna dinhmun mak tak i hre tawh em? Accident hnuah pawh a thleng thei. A hlauhawm deuh a, mahse vawiin hian a hun takah a thleng thei, mahse a awm vak lo, Brown-Séquard Syndrome tih chu kan sawi dawn a ni. Ngaihtuah buai suh, awlsam takin sawi ila.

Brown-Séquard Syndrome, he natna hming mak tak mai hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) hi thluak lama natna awm lo tak a ni. It occurs when there is damage to your spinal cord , mahse a chhiatna chu ruhro sir khat chauh a ni. I ruhro (spinal cord) angin ngaihtuah la, chu chu i thluak atanga thuchah i taksa pum puia phurh chhuaktu cable ang mai a ni a, chu chu i taksa atanga thu hriatte chu i thluak-ah a thawn kir leh thin. Chuvangin he harsatna hi he cable sir khat chauh a chhiatna a awm chauhvin a thleng thin.

Thil thleng chu, ruhro (spinal cord) chhiat tawhna sir khatah chuan a chhiatna level hnuai lama taksa ruhte chak lohna emaw, paralysis emaw a awm a ni. Chumi lam chu i sawn thei lo tihna a ni. Mahse, mak tak maiin, natna leh lumna hriatna chu a lehlamah a bo , mahse a chhiatna level hnuaiah. A buaithlak deuhin a ri a, a dik em? Hrilhfiah belh ila.

I ruhro hi cylindrical structure a ni a, thluak bul atanga i ruhro bul thlengin a kal a ni. A nalh hle mai. Nerve fiber tam tak atanga siam a ni. Kan nervous system-a thil pawimawh tak a ni.

Brown-Séquard syndrome hi incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) anga ngaih a ni. Chumi awmzia chu hliam na hmun hnuaiah hian sensation, motor function emaw, a pahnih emaw hloh engemaw zat a awm tihna a ni. SCI kimchang takah chuan hliam na hmun hnuaiah hian sensation leh movement a awm lo.

Scientist Charles-Edouard Brown-Sequard hming chawia sak a ni a, ani hian kum 1849 khan he dinhmun hi a sawi hmasa ber a ni.

Hei hi Central Cord Syndrome nen engtin nge a danglam?

Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) tih pawh i hre tawh mai thei. An pahnih hian ruhro hliam tling lo ni mah se, dinhmun hrang hrang pahnih an ni.

CCS hi ruhro (spinal cord) lai takah hliam kim lo, a tlangpuiin kawr chhunga hliam a ni. Hei hian ke aiin kut ah chak lohna a thlen tam zawk.

Mahse, BSS -ah chuan a sir khata spinal cord hmun eng pawh a chhiat chuan a natna lam chu paralysis a thlen a, a sir lehlamah chuan sensation a hloh thung. A danglamna chu i hrethiam em?

He natna hi tuin nge nei thei ang? Engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

Brown-Séquard syndrome hian tu pawh a nghawng thei a ni. Mahse, a dinhmun a tlem hle.Hei hi mipa leh hmeichhia thliar lovin a thleng thei a ni.

United States-ah ringawt pawh hian kum tin spinal cord hliam tuar thar 12,000 vel an awm thin. Heng zingah hian BSS hian 2% atanga 4% chauh a luah a ni. Hei hian Sri Lanka-ah chuan a rate hi a hniam zawk mai thei tihna a ni.

Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) natna lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni?

BSS symptoms hi a tlangpuiin spinal cord sir khat a chhiat hnuah a intan thin.

A lan chhuah hmasak ber chu:

• Spinal cord hliam sir khata hliam hnuaia kut leh ke sawn theih lohna (muscle movement hloh) . Hei hi chak lohna atanga intan a, paralysis thlengin a kal thei.
• A lehlamah chuan hliam level hnuai lam natna leh temperature sensation hloh a awm bawk .

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh. Miin BSS a nei a, chu chu a ruh dinglam a hliam a ni a, a dinglam, chu chu a ruh lai tak atanga hnuai lam – a hip dinglam, ke dinglam leh ke dinglam atanga a che thei lo ang. Amaherawhchu, veilam lamah chuan an ruhro lai tak atanga hnuai lam pan chuan natna an hloh ang a, lumna/vawt an nei ang a, mahse an veilam chu an che thei ang. Lu, kawr, kekawrte leh kut te chu a pangngaiin hna a thawk ang a, he hliam hian a nghawng lo ang.

Tin, BSS hian symptoms a thlen thei bawk a, chungte chu:

• Zun leh ek control theih lohna (urinary leh fecal incontinence).
• A natna hmuna taksa chak lohna leh hmanral (muscle atrophy) a awm.

BSS natna lan chhuah dan hi mi thenkhat tan chuan a na lo thei hle a, thenkhat tan chuan a na hle thei bawk. Mahse, enkawl ṭhat a nih chuan heng natna lan chhuahnate hi a ṭha chho zauh zauh a ni .

Hei hian a ti na em?

BSS thlentu hi silai kah emaw, car accident emaw ang chi thil rapthlak tak a nih chuan accident hian natna a thlen ngei ang. Mahse, syndrome ngei avang hian, chu chu ruhro (spinal cord) chhiatna avang hian natna a awm lo mai thei.

Mahse, BSS vei thenkhat chuan ruhro (spinal cord) a chhiat avangin hriatna pangngai lo (dysesthesia) an nei thei a, chu chu kang, hliam emaw, tingling emaw a ni thei.

Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) vei chhan berte chu engte nge ni?

BSS thlentu tam ber chu ruhro hliam hi a ni:

• Silai kah a ni.
• Stabbing a ni.
• Car accident a awm thin.
• Blunt trauma a ni.
• Accident atanga spinal fracture awm, tlu ang chi.

Hetiang ang accident i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera damdawi in hnai ber pan a, damdawi lam pan vat a pawimawh hle.

Hei bakah hian BSS hi accident ni lo vang pawh a awm thei a, mahse a tlem deuh hlek a ni:

• Cervical spondylosis a awm thin.
• Decompression sickness hi tui hnuaia pressure nasa lutuk a awm hnua lo awm thin a ni.
• Spine-a disc slip (herniated disc) a awm.
• Hri kai, meningitis ang chi te.
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS) natna a ni.
• Radiation avanga thil thleng.
• Spinal cord supply tu thisen kalna kawng (spinal ischemia) a block.
• Spinal tumor a awm thin.
• Transverse myelitis a awm bawk.
• Tuberculosis natna a ni.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian hei hi an hriat chian? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

I doctor-in BSS i neih a rinhlelh chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian a ti ang:

• Taksa enfiahna kimchang a ti .
• Neurological exam an nei a, chu chuan chetna leh hriatna chipchiar takin an enfiah thin.
• I medical history, neurological problem, leh accident i tawh zawng zawngte an zawt ang.

Tichuan, test engemaw zat an ti ang a, chu chu MRI scan , a natna hmuhchhuah finfiah nan leh a chhan dang enfiah nan an ti ang.

Hemi atan hian eng test nge tih a nih?

BSS rinhlelh a nih chuan i doctor chuan test a ti thei ang, chungte chu:

• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Hei hi natna nei lo test a ni. Magnet lian tak, radio wave leh computer hmangin taksa chhunga taksa peng leh thil awmte chu chiang takin a tarlang a ni. MRI hi BSS tan a tangkai hle a, a chhan chu ruhro structural damage hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui thei a, accident awm lova BSS lo awm chhan zawnchhuahna kawngah a pui thei bawk.
• Myelogram leh CT scan (Computed Tomography): MRI i tih theih loh chuan i doctor chuan myelogram a order thei a, chutah chuan i ruhro CT scan a ti thei bawk. Heng test te hian i spinal cord sir khata nerve tissue chhiatna a zawng thei a ni. Myelogram hi imaging test a ni a, i ruhro, disc, ruhro, nerve leh nerve zung inzawmna enfiahna a ni. CT scan hian X-ray leh computer hmangin i taksa chhung lam chipchiar takin thlalak a siam a.
• Thisen test: BSS awm chhan a chiang lo a nih chuan i doctor chuan thisen test eng emaw zat a ti thei a, chu chuan he natna thlentu natna hrik a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thei a ni.
• Lumbar puncture / Spinal tap: Multiple sclerosis (MS) , transverse myelitis, emaw tuberculosis te hi BSS thlentu nia rinhlelh a nih chuan i doctor chuan lumbar puncture hmangin cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample a la thei ang. CSF hi i ruhro leh thluak veltu tui thianghlim tak a ni.

Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

BSS enkawl dan hi spinal cord chhiatna chhan bulpuiah a innghat a ni.

A tlangpuiin BSS enkawlna tum ber chu:

• Motor leh sensory function humhalh emaw tihchangtlun emaw .
• Secondary damage venna tur a ni.
• Harsatna awm thei tih tlem.

Hriamhrei hliam na tak, chemte kah hliam atanga BSS nei chu thisen chhuak leh tissue chhiatna avanga enkawl a ngai dawn a ni. Tin, BSS thlentu accident avanga hliam dang nei te pawhin chu hliamte tan pawh enkawlna dang an mamawh dawn bawk.

BSS enkawlna hi a bulpui ber pahnih a awm a, chungte chu enkawlna hmasa leh tihdam lehna .

Enkawlna hmasa ber

BSS enkawlna hmasa ber chu:

• Surgery: Accident awm lova BSS a awm chuan mechanical compression emaw spinal cord herniation vang a ni tlangpui. He compression hi tihziaawm nan operation neih a ngai a ni.
• Thisen zam venna damdawi: Spinal cord hliam nei te hian thisen kalna kawng (Venous Thromboembolism - VTE) Hei hian deep vein thrombosis (DVT) leh pulmonary embolism ang chi thilte a huam a ni. I doctor chuan thisen zam lo turin damdawi anticoagulants , heparin emaw warfarin emaw an tih chu a pe thei che a ni.
• Vun venhimna (khum natna laka invenna): Pressure injuries/bedsores venna atan i medical team te chuan darkar hnih danah tal i turn leh position thlak danglam turin an pui ang che. I vun thianghlim leh vawt taka awm tir turin an pui ang a, vun vawt takah moisturizer an hnawih bawk ang.
• Gastrostomy tube (G-tube): Paralytic ileus vanga pum na lutuk tihziaawm nan i doctor chuan i pum chhungah G-tube a dah thei ang. G-tube chu chaw ei tur (nutrition) chu pum atanga pum chhunga direct-a thlentu tube a ni. Paralytic ileus chu hun eng emaw chen chhunga taksa peng hrang hrang (muscle contractions) hloh a ni a, chu chuan chaw ei chu intestine kaltlangin a kal tir a ni. Hei hi spinal cord hliamah a awm fo thin.
• Respiratory support: I spinal cord hliam avanga thawk harsatna i neih chuan ventilator nena inzawm a ngai mai thei . Hei hi thawk chhuahna tur, a nih loh leh i tana thawk thei tur machine a ni.
• Neurogenic bladder management: Spinal cord hliam nei te chuan BSS telin an bladder control an hloh thei. Chutiang a nih chuan urinary catheter leh urinary system nena inzawm enkawlna dang a ngai mai thei.
• Autonomic dysreflexia enkawlna: Spinal cord hliam nei te hian thisen sang leh symptom dangte nasa takin an tidanglam thei a ni. Hei hi thisen sang leh heart rate control thei damdawi hmanga uluk taka enkawl tur a ni.
• Temperature-regulating blanket: BSS vei te hian an taksa lum leh vawt tihreh harsa an ti fo thin. Hemi atana pui turin medical team chuan temperature-regulating blanket an pe thei a ni.

Rehabilitation neih a ni

BSS enkawlna hmasa ber hnuah, rehabilitation, physical therapy leh occupational therapy , te chu a rang thei ang bera tan tan tur a ni a, chu chu tihchangtlun leh/ emaw, a kal theihna tur a ni.

Physics therapy lama thil tumte chu:

• Nerve function tha tak nena taksa chakna vawn reng .
• Joint -a range of motion neih reng .
• Posture dik leh weight shifting hmanga vun chhe lo tur ven .
• Mobility tihchangtlun .

Physical therapy-ah hian exercise leh treatment te a awm a, chu chuan natna tihziaawmna leh hnathawh dan pangngai leh chetna pangngaia i awm leh theihna tura puitu a ni. I physical therapist chuan i mobility tihchangtlun nan a thawhpui ang che. Nitin hna thawk tûra ṭanpui thei tûr hmanrua, brace, kut zungtang, kut leh ke hrual, a nih loh leh wheelchair te chu an pe thei che a ni.

Occupational therapy- ah hian taksa emaw, thluak lama harsatna i tawh hnua i nun kawng tinrengah zalenna i neih leh theihna tura enkawlna leh exercise te a tel a ni. BSS atana occupational therapy i dawn hian nitin hna thawh dan thar i zir ang a, chu chu inthiarfihlim, ei leh in, leh incheina te, assistive devices nei emaw nei lo emaw te hi a ni.

Hei hi a thlen loh nan a veng thei ang em?

Brown-Séquard syndrome venna kawng awmchhun chu i ruhro (spinal cord) tihchhiat loh nan standard safety precautions zawm hi a ni. Entîr nân, lirthei khalh leh kawngpuiah i kal hunah fimkhur hle ang che.

Hetiang dinhmun atanga dam leh theihna chance engzat nge awm? (Prognosis) tih a ni.

BSS atanga dam leh theihna tur ruahmanna chu thil engemaw zatah a innghat a, chung zingah chuan ruhro (spinal cord) chhiatna chhan leh a chhiatna zau zawng te pawh a tel.

Mahse, a pumpuiah chuan BSS atanga recovery rate hi a tlangpuiin a tha hle . BSS vei te hian an hnathawh thenkhat, kea kal te pawh an neih leh theihna chance tha tak an nei a ni. Mahse, dam lehna hi a slow hle . Recovery hi a slow deuh a, syndrome a lo chhuah atanga thla thum atanga thla ruk chhung a ni a, nerve te hi a dam kim theih nan kum hnih vel a ngai thei bawk.

Enkawl loh chuan eng harsatna nge awm thei?

Brown-Séquard syndrome hi enkawl loh a nih chuan, harsatna hrang hrang:

• Pum a zau a.
• Lungngaihna.
• Thisen sang hniam (Hypotension).
• Pulmonary embolism a awm thin.
• Infection – a tam zawk chu lung leh zun kawng ah a awm.
• Paralysis awm reng tur.

Doctor hmuh hun tha ber berte chu engte nge ni?

I taksa sir khatah taksa ruh chak lohna emaw, paralysis emaw leh/ emaw, hriatna hloh nghal i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera emergency room hnai ber pan rawh

Brown-Séquard syndrome i vei tih hmuhchhuah i nih chuan i spinal cord hliam chu a dam tha em tih enfiah nan i medical team te i hmu fo tur a ni. I physical therapy leh occupational therapy appointment te kha vawng reng la, a tha thei ang bera leh rang thei ang bera i dam theih nan.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message) .

Brown-Séquard syndrome hi hriat a hlauhawm deuh thei. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu he natna vei tam tak hian thla engemaw zat an dam hnuah an motor leh sensory abilities an nei leh emaw, an tichangtlung emaw a ni. I medical team te chu kawng dik zawh leh turin an awm reng dawn tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin nghet takin awm la, thurawn pekte chu zawm rawh.

` Brown-Séquard Syndrome, ruhro, ruhro, nerve, paralysis, hriatna hloh, ruhro chhiatna