Lu hliam hnuah i rilru a hahdam a, chutah chuan i hriatna i hloh leh thin em? Epidural Hematoma (EDH) a ni thei!

I fa kha inkhelh laiin a tlu em? I bike atanga i tlu a, khawi emaw laiah i lu i tawk mai thei em? A tam zawkah chuan hetiang thil hi kan ngaihven vak lo va, "Aw... bump tlem chauh a ni" tih hi kan ngaihtuah thin. Mahse, a châng chuan, lu hliam tenau tak pawhin i nun nghawng thei thil pawi tak a thlen thei a ni. Vawiin hian hetiang hun laia thleng thei, enkawl vat loh chuan hlauhawm tak a nih theih tur dinhmun kan sawi dawn a ni. Damdawi lamah chuan hei hi Epidural Hematoma, a tawi zawngin EDH kan ti thin.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Epidural Hematoma (EDH) hi eng nge ni?

Kan thluak hi thil hlu tak leh chhe thei tak angin ngaihtuah rawh. Kan luruh chak tak hi a venghim turin a awm a ni. Mahse luruh leh thluak inkarah hian venhimna layer dang pathum a awm a. Chungte chu meninges kan ti a. Heng layer pathum zingah hian layer thuk ber, luruh hnuai chiaha awm chu dura mater an ti a.

Tunah chuan lu-a vuakna na tak i neih chuan luruh chhunga thisen kalna kawng, thisen kalna kawng emaw, a chang chuan thisen kalna kawng emaw chu a chhe thei a ni. A rupture chuan thisen a chhuak tan thin. He thisen hi luruh leh dura mater, thluak pawn lam khuhna inkar hmun tlemteah a awm khawm thin. He thisen inzawmkhawm hi `Epidural Hematoma (EDH)` an ti a .

A awlsam zawngin, plaster layer leh wall inkarah tui a luang chhuak a, bubble ang maiin a hring chhuak ang mai a ni. He thisen zawi zawiin a lo lian chho zel a, chu chu chhung lam, chu chu kan thluak lam hawiin a nawr tan ta a ni. Hetianga nawr hian thluak a tichhe thei a ni. Hei hi natna khirh tak a ni a, emergency medical treatment a ngai a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi `Extradural Hematoma` an ti bawk. A tlangpuiin hei hi `Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)` tia hriat a ni bawk a, lu hliam avanga thluak hliam hi a ni.

He dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a pawi?

Ni e, `Epidural Hematoma (EDH)` hi natna khirh tak a ni a, nunna atana hlauhawm thei a ni . Enkawl nghal loh chuan thluak a tichhe reng thei a, thihna pawh a thlen thei bawk. Report-a a lan dan chuan he natna vei zinga 15% vel chu an thi a ni. Chuvang chuan lu hliam hi ngaihthah hi thil tha tak a ni ngai lo.

Tu nge hlauhawm ber?

Hetiang dinhmun hi lu hliam tuar apiangah awm thei mahse, mi thenkhat chu an hlauhawm zawk.

• Thalai: Hetiang dinhmun hi thalaite zingah a hluar hle.
• Luru ruh tliak nei te: Luru ruh tliak accident-ah chuan he hlauhawmna hi a sang zawk hle.
• Sportspeople: Infiamna, a bik takin cycle, skateboarding, rugby, leh cricket khel thinte chu accident an tawk nasa zawk.
• Car accident: Hetiang dinhmun hi car emaw motor accident-a lu hliam vang a ni thei a, hei hi Sri Lanka ramah chuan a tam hle.
• Mipa: Hmeichhia aiin mipa hian EDH hi a let li velin an nei tam zawk.

Hetiang dinhmun hi naupang kum hnih hnuai lam leh kum 60 chunglam ah a awm tlem hle.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni? Engtin nge kan hriat theih ang?

Hemi chungchanga thil hlauhawm leh danglam bik chu a natna lan chhuah dan hi a ni. A tam zawkah chuan, mahse mi zawng zawng ni lo, he pattern hi i hmu thei ang:

1. Initial loss of consciousness: Lu hliam hnu lawkah second engemaw zat emaw minute engemaw zat chhung chu hriatna hloh a ni.

2. Lucid Interval: Tichuan, i hriatna i nei leh a, thil dik lo awm lo ang maiin i tawng pangngaiin i sawi a, darkar tlemte chhung chu i dam tha hle. He hun hi `Lucid Interval` kan ti a. Hei hi hun hlauhawm ber leh mi hruai sualtu ber a ni . A chhan chu damlo chu a tha tih ngaihtuaha in lama i hruai chuan harsatna lian tak a ni thei.

. An hriatna an hloh leh thei a, coma-ah pawh an lut thei bawk.

He main pattern bakah hian heng symptoms te hi accident atanga minute engemaw zat atanga darkar engemaw zat chhungin a lang thei bawk.

Thil awmdan a chhe zual a nih chuan...

Thisen chhuah chu a reh lo va, enkawl a nih loh chuan thluaka pressure a sang chho zel ang a, symptoms a zual zel ang.

• Seizures a awm thin
• Thâwk harsa
• Thluak hnathawh hloh
• Coma state ah a awm
• A tawpah thihna

Eng thilin nge hei hi a thlen?

A chhan ber chu lu hliam vang a ni . EDH vei zinga 75% vel chu luruh ruh tliak a ni. A chhan tlangpui chu temporal bone, a bik takin beng chunglam a tliak a, chu chuan middle meningeal artery, thisen kalna kawng a tichhia a ni.

Mahse a tlem hle a, he dinhmun hi chhan dang vangin hlauhawm awm lovin a lo awm thei a ni.

• Infection/abscess a awm thei
• Thisen zam natna (Coagulopathy) .
• Hemorrhagic thluaka natna hrik awm
• Vascular malformations a awm thin

Engtin nge doctor-te hian hei hi an hriat chian?

Mi pakhat lu hliam hnua damdawi ina hruai a nih chuan, a bik takin a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang chi natna lan chhuah dan an neih chuan doctor-te chuan rang takin test eng emaw zat an kalpui ang.

• CT scan (Computed Tomography): Hei hi a hmanraw ber leh chak ber a ni. Lu chhung lam chu three-dimensional (3D) X-ray thlalak lak ang a ni. Hei hian thisen zam chu khawiah nge a awm tih, a lian leh te, leh thluaka pressure engzat nge a siam tih chiang takin a hmu thei a ni.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) hmanga tihchhuah a ni.Hei hi thluak chhung lam en nana test a ni bawk. CT scan aiin a chipchiar zawk a, mahse emergency-a scan hmasa ber a ni tlangpui.
• Thisen test: A chang chuan thisen test-ah pawh thisen zam harsatna a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni.

Engtin nge enkawl a nih? Surgery neih a ngai em?

Epidural hematoma hi medical emergency a ni a , a tlangpuiin operation nghal a ngai thin . Thluak chunga pressure tihziaawm loh chuan thluak tihchhiat nghet emaw, thihna emaw a awm thei. Surgery neih ngai tura thutlukna siam hi thil hrang hrang atanga siam a ni a, chungte chu:

• Damlo hian lu na tak a nei a.
• Thluak hnathawh tlahniam (hriatrengna hloh, buai).
• CT scan-ah hian thisen zam lian tak (hematoma) hmuh a ni.

Inzai

Surgery hman dan tlangpui pahnih a awm.

1. Craniotomy leh Hematoma Evacuation: Hei hi tih dan tlangpui a ni. Hetiang tihnaah hian surgeon chuan luruh hmun tlemte chu hun eng emaw chen a la chhuak a, a chhunga thisen zam chu a la chhuak vek a ni. Thisen chhuahna kawng chu hriatchhuah a ni a, tihtawp a ni a, luruh atanga lak chhuah chu pin te tak te hmangin an inzawm leh a ni.

2. Burr Holes: Thil dang pakhat chu luruh chhungah khur te tak te pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw laih a, chuta tang chuan thisen chu paih chhuah a ni. Hetiang hmanrua hian thluaka pressure a tihziaawm thuai thei a ni. A châng chuan thisen awm chhunzawm zel zawng zawng paih chhuah nân operation hnu ni engemaw zât chu tube chu a hmunah dah a ni.

Conservative hmanga enkawl dan

A châng chuan thisen zam chu a tlem hle a, thluaka pressure a siam lutuk lo a, damloin symptom na tak a nei lo a nih chuan doctor-te chuan operation tih loh an rel mai thei. Chutiang hunah chuan damlo chu intensive care unit (ICU)-ah dahin, thisen zam a lian chho zel em tih enfiah turin CT scan mumal tak hmangin uluk takin an enfiah thin . Kan taksa hian hun kal zelah thisen tlemte chu a la let leh thei a ni.

Enkawlna dang

Operation hnuah thluaka natna hrik leh pressure tihziaawmna turin damdawi ``mannitol, hypertonic saline`` te pek thin a ni. Tin, lu hliam hnua seizure awm theihna a awm avangin, a venna atan damdawi an pe fo bawk.

Thluak a chhiatna a awm chuan damlo dam lehna tur atan hian taksa lam enkawlna, hnathawhna lama enkawlna, leh thusawi hmanga enkawlna (speech therapy) ang chi rehabilitation treatment te a ngai mai thei.

Epidural leh Subdural Hematoma hi eng nge an danglamna?

`Subdural Hematoma` tih pawh i hre tawh mai thei. An pahnih hian thluaka thisen chhuak mah se, an pahnih inkarah hian danglamna chiang tak a awm. Hei hi hriat a pawimawh bawk.

An lu vuak tuin heng symptoms te hi a neih chuan engtin nge tih ang?

Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Nangmah emaw i hriat emaw chuan a lu i vuak hnua a hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan,Damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah tlai lovin hruai rawh.

• I hriatna i hloh chuan (second khat lek pawh nise) .
• Lu na na tak i neih chuan
• Thuziak a inzawm tlat chuan
• I buai emaw, i muhil emaw a nih chuan
• Luak chhuak a awm chuan
• Mit pahnih a ring dum chu a inang lo a nih chuan (pakhat a lian zawk a nih chuan) .
• Luak chhuak emaw, kal harsatna emaw i neih chuan
• Taksa sir khat chu nunna nei lo anga inhriat a nih chuan
• Seizure a awm chuan

Hetiang ang accident hi ven theih a ni lo em ni?

Accident hi 100% velin kan veng thei lo a, mahse a hlauhawmna tihziaawm nan thil tam tak kan tih theih a awm.

• Helmet vuah: Motorcycle, bicycle, emaw, rugby emaw cricket emaw ang chi infiamna i khelh hunah, helmet standard dik tak i bun ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Seat belt vuah: Lirthei chhunga i awm apiangin seat belt vuah thin ang che.
• Hriselna hmanrua hmang rawh: Hmun sang takah emaw, in saknaah emaw, i lu tana hlauhawm thei hna eng pawh i thawh chuan safety helmet dik tak ha rawh.
• Hmun hriat loha tuiah pil loh tur: Lui leh lui hriat loha tuiah pil loh tur a ni, lungpui emaw, daltu dang emaw a awm thei a ni.