Kan taksaa balance mak tak (Homeostasis) chungchang hi kan zir dawn em ni?

Hun rei tak atanga i lo haw a, i khel ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. I taksa chu a chau hle a, i thawmhnaw a hah nasa hle a, thaw pawh i thawk nasa hle bawk. Mahse, rei vak lo hnuah chuan heng zawng zawng hi a pangngaiin a lo kir leh ta a ni lawm ni? A nih loh leh, ni lum takah chuan i taksa a khur thin. Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? Heng zawng zawng hnuaiah hian kan taksaah ‘automatic system’ mak tak mai a awm a. Kan hriat lohvin he system hian kan taksa chhunga thil awm zawng zawng chu a level dik takah dah turin hna a thawk a ni. Vawiin hian he thil mak tak hi kan sawi dawn a, chu chu homeostasis a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, homeostasis chu eng nge ni?

Homeostasis hi thil awlsam tak a ni. Taksa chhungril boruak (temperature, oxygen level, sugar level, etc.) chu engtik lai pawha nghet leh inthlau taka a vawn dan a ni. Car engine radiator hian engine temperature chu a level inang reng turin hna a thawk ang bawkin.

He thumal hi Grik thumal pahnih atanga siam a ni. "Equal" leh "a awm reng" tihna a ni. Chu chu engkim inthlauhna, a dik taka vawn reng tihna a ni. He balance hian kan kal laiin tlu lo tihna a ni lo va, taksa chhunga thil awm zawng zawng chu "in balance"-a vawn reng tihna a ni.

He ‘store’ hi vawn reng a pawimawh hle. A chhan chu, kan tana thil pawimawh ber berte pawh a lo tam lutuk chuan a hlauhawm thei hle. Tui chungchang hi han ngaihtuah teh. Tui tel lo chuan kan ti thei lo. Mahse vawi khatah tui tam tak i in chuan hyponatremia (thisen a sodium level hniam) tih hming pu dinhmun hlauhawm tak a thlen thei a ni. Oxygen chungchangah pawh chutiang bawk chu a ni. Oxygen tel lo chuan kan nung thei lo. Mahse, oxygen thianghlim i thawk rei lutuk chuan oxygen toxicity i nei thei a ni . Heng pahnih hi thihna thlen thei a ni. Chuvangin, tunah chuan engkim hi inthlau taka vawn reng a pawimawhzia i hrethiam tawh a ni lawm ni?

Chuti a nih chuan, engtin nge he thil kalphung hi taksa chhungah hian a awm?

He homeostasis process hi automatic-in a thleng vek a, chu chu automatic-in a thleng tihna a ni. Ngaihtuah pawh kan ngai lo. Kan thluak hmun tlemte , hypothalamus an tih hi heng zawng zawng control tu ber a ni. Company lian CEO ang maiin.

Hetiang kalphung hi kawng hnih a awm ber.

1. Thil tha lo (Negative Feedback) te

2. Thu tha lam (Positive Feedback) pek thin

Tunah hian heng pahnih chungchang hi chiang takin sawi ila. An pahnih inthlauhna awlsam taka hriatthiam theih nan a hnuaia table hi en la.

1. Negative Feedback kalpui dan tur

Hetah hian "negative" tih hian "tha lo" tihna a ni lo. Taksain inthlak danglamna a hriat chuan chu inthlak danglamna duh loh zawng chu tihdanglam emaw, do let emaw a tum tihna a ni. Kan taksaah hian homeostatic process tam tak chu hetiang hian a thleng thin.

• Taksa lumna: I lum hle tih han ngaihtuah teh. I thluak hian hei hi a hriat chuan thawk hah turin signal a pe che a ni. Thawmhnaw a vawt chhoh zel chuan i taksa chu a lum chho zel a. Tin, i vawt chuan i taksa ruhte chu a khur tan bawk. He khur hian lumna a siam a, i taksa a ti lum bawk. Hei hi kan taksa pianphung ‘heater’ leh ‘AC’ a ni.
• Thisen sang: Chair atanga i ding nghal chuan i lu-a thisen kal thenkhat chu gravity-in a rawn hruai thla thin. Chutih rual chuan kan system hian a kick lut a, thisen kalna kawng a tikhawtlai a, heart rate a ti chak deuh a, thluaka thisen kal dan pangngai a vawng reng bawk. Chuvang chuan kan luak chhuak fo lo.
• Taksa chhunga Fluid balance: Tui i in tam chuan rei vak lo hnuah i zun a ngai dawn a ni. Hei hi taksaa tui tam zawk paih chhuah a, engkim ‘thianghlim’ taka awm reng nan a ni.
• Oxygen level: Exercise i tih hian i taksa ruhte hian oxygen a mamawh tam zawk. Chutih lai chuan i thawk chakna leh heart rate chu a sang nghal vek a ni. He oxygen extra hi i taksa pum puiah a thawn chhuak rang zawk a ni. Exercise i tih zawh chuan heng pahnih hi a normal leh vek a ni.

2. Positive Feedback kalpui dan tur

Positive feedback chu thil kalpui tan tawh tihchak leh chak zawka kalpui a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu a tihbo hma loh chuan a kal zel a ni.

• Nau neih leh Nau neih: Nau neih tan chuan serh (cervix) a zau tan thin. He dilation hian thluak ah signal a thawn thin. Chumi chhân lêtna atân thluak chuan hormone oxytocin . He hormone hian nausen pum chu a ti nghet zual sauh a. Uterus a inzawm tlat chuan serh chu a zau zawk a, chu chuan oxytocin tam zawk a siam chhuak leh thin. He cycle hi naute piang a, serh (cervix) chu a dinhmun pangngaia a lo kir leh thlengin a kal zel a ni.
• Hemostasis: I kut emaw ke emaw i hliam a, thisen a chhuah chuan i thisen a clotting factors te chu a inzawm khawm a, hliam khar nan a pui thin. Chu mai pawh ni lovin, site-ah hian clotting factor tam zawk an recruit bawk a, tanpuina tam zawk dil ang maiin. He "ṭanpuina ko" hi thisen chhuah a reh vek thlengin a kal zel a ni.
• Immune response leh inflammation: Kan taksain natna hrik emaw, hliam emaw a tawrh hian kan immune system hian inflammation a siam thin. He inflammation hi hliamna hmuna spotlight eng ang mai a ni. Immune cells te chu an kalna tur hmun dik tak a hrilh a ni. Cell te hian tanpuina tam zawk an mamawh hma loh chuan inflammation chu an ti chhunzawm zel a ni.

Engvângin nge he inthlauhna hi kan tân a pawimawh êm êm?

A awlsam zawngin homeostasis tel lo chuan kan nung thei lo. Natna zawng zawng, damdawi lam dinhmun kan hriat zawng zawng hi khawi emaw laiah he homeostasis process tibuaitu a ni.

I damlo emaw, i hliam emaw chuan i taksa chuan heng homeostatic process te hi a thlak danglam a, chu chuan i dam theih nan a pui thin. Entirnan, natna hrik i neih chuan khawsik a awm a, hliam i neih chuan thisen zam a awm a, taksain he balance hi siam that leh tumin a bei thin.

Mahse, a chang chuan he system hian harsatna a chinfel theih loh. Chutah chuan chronic conditions a lo awm ta a ni.

• Thisen sang (Hypertension): Hetiang dinhmun hi taksain thisen sang hrisel taka a vawn theih loh hunah a lo awm thin.
• Osteoporosis: He natna hi taksa atanga calcium lakchhuah ruala taksain ruh tissue thar a siam theih loh vang a ni.

Natna thenkhat chu he homeostasis process ngei hi a thawk tha lo a, thil awmdan a tichhe zual vang a ni.

Engtin nge kan taksa chhunga system hrang hrangte hian chutianga an thawh?

Homeostasis hi system pakhatah chauh a awm lo. Taksa pum pui team effort a ni.

Nervous System a ni

Kan nervous system hi car accelerator leh brake ang a ni. Heng system pahnih hi an inhmachhawn a, engkim hi a inthlau hle.

• Sympathetic nervous system: Hei hi kan ‘accelerator’ a ni. Hlauhawm lai chuan he system hian "fight-or-flight" response a tichhuak thin.
• Parasympathetic nervous system: Hei hi kan ‘break’ a ni. He system hian kan him leh hahdam hunah taksa a ti hahdam a, a ti thlamuang bawk.

Skeletal System a ni

Kan ruhro hi thlak danglam zel a ni. Ruh tissue hlui chu a chhe vek a, a thar siam a ni. Hetiang thil hi a dik taka a kal theih nan calcium leh vitamin D hi a pawimawh hle. Hetiang kalphung hi kan tar chhoh zel chuan a slow thin. Ruh tihchhiat ruala ruh thar siam a nih loh chuan osteopenia emaw osteoporosis ang chi dinhmun a awm thei.

Thluak lam hawi

Kan thawk hian homeostasis process engemaw zat a control bawk.

• Oxygen level: Kan tlan lai hian taksain oxygen tam zawk a pek theih nan kan thaw hah zawk thin.
• Thisen pH: Thlawhna system hian carbon dioxide hmangin kan thisen acid-base balance a tidanglam thin. He balance hi a chhiat chuan thawkna lama acidosis emaw thawkna lama alkalosis emaw ang chi dinhmun a awm thei.

Endocrine System a ni

He system hi kan taksain hormone a siam chhuahna hmun a ni. Hormone te hi chemical messenger ang a ni. Heng hormone te hian thil tam tak a thunun thei a, chung zingah chuan chaw ei dan, metabolism, leh reproductive system hnathawh te pawh a tel.

Thuziak ang bawkin kan taksa hian engkim "a dik tawk" a nih chuan hna a thawk tha ber. He homeostasis process hnathawh dan kan hriatthiam hian kan taksa chu chu balance chu vawng reng turin kan pui thei a ni. Tui tam tak in mai mai emaw, kea kal mai mai emaw, dinhmun pakhat atana damdawi dik tak ei mai mai emaw pawh a ni thei. Hetiang inthlauhna hi vawn reng hian kan nun quality-ah danglamna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni.