HTLV-1 (Human T-lymphotropic Virus type-1) tih hi i hre tawh em? I sawi dawn nia!

`HIV` ang chi virus hi i hre tawh ngei ang. Mahse virus `HTLV-1` chungchang hi i hre tam lo mai thei. Hei hi virus chi khat a ni bawk a, kan taksa cell-ah lutin natna a thlen thei a ni. Mahse lungngai suh, mi tam zawk tan chuan hei hi harsatna lian tak a ni dawn lo. Mahse, hriat a tha a ni lawm ni? Chuvangin `HTLV-1` chu eng nge a nih, engtin nge a lo thanglian a, eng nge tih theih ang tih i en ang u.

`HTLV-1` chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

`HTLV-1` tih hi `Mihring T-lymphotropic Virus type-1` tihna a ni. Hei hi virus pawl pakhat `Retrovirus` an tih zinga mi a ni. `HIV` (HIV) virus hi `Retrovirus` a nih thu kan sawi kha i hre reng em? Heng `Retrovirus` te thil danglam bik pakhat chu kan cell chhunga an luh hian an genetic information, chu chu an `genetic material` chu kan cell `DNA` (DNA) ah a lut a ni. Computer-a virus lut ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.

`HIV` virus leh `HTLV-1` virus te hian kan immune system-a `T cells` te hi an bei vek a. Mahse an hnathawh dan erawh a danglam hle. `HIV` hian `T cells` a tichhia a, immune system a tichak lo hle. Mahse `HTLV-1` hian chutiang `T cell` chu a tichhe lo. Dik tak chuan `HTLV-1` vei tam tak chuan symptom an nei lo. Mi hrisel ang maiin an khawsa a ni.

Mahse, hri kai zinga za zela tlemte chauhvin kum tam tak hnuah natna pahnih an nei a, kum 30 atanga kum 60 hnuah pawh a ni thei. Pakhat chu thisen cancer chi khat Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATL emaw ATLL emaw) an tih a ni. A dang chu nervous system natna, HTLV-1- associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) an tih a ni.

`HTLV` chi dang a awm em?

Ni e, `HTLV` virus chi hrang hrang, mihring kai thei hi a awm a. Entirnan, `HTLV-1`, `HTLV-2`, `HTLV-3` leh `HTLV-4` te an awm a. Chûng zawng zawng chuan damchhung hri kai a thlen vek a ni. Mahse, tun thlengin `HTLV-1` chauh hian natna bik a thlen a ni.

He `HTLV-1` hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm? Sri Lanka ramah a awm em?

`HTLV` virus hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah hmuh tur a awm a. Mithiamte chuan khawvel pumah mi maktaduai 5 atanga maktaduai 20 velin `HTLV-1` an vei niin an chhut. Mahse, ram leh bial hrang hrangah hri kai zat hi a inang lo hle.

Entirnan, North America-ah chuan mipui 1% aia tlem loin an nei a ni. Mahse, Japan, Africa, South America, Australia, Iran leh Caribbean hmun thenkhatah chuan mipui hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat aia tam chuan he hri hi an vei nia sawi a ni. Sri Lanka dinhmun chungchangah hian data chiang tak hmuh a har hle a, mahse hetiang virus hi hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni? Mi zawng zawngah a thleng vek em?

A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan, .HTLV-1 vei tam zawk hian symptom an nei lo. He hri hi an vei tih pawh an hre lo. Hri kai atanga kum tam tak hnuah chauh natna lanchhuahna a lang a, chu chu a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang chi, ATL emaw HAM/TSP emaw ang chi te hi a lo awm a ni.

`ATL` (Puitling T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma) natna lan chhuah dan chu:

• Chauhna awm reng (`Fatigue`) .
• Vun natna, eczema ang chi natna
• Lymph node a hring – kawr, kawr, leh kekawrte ang chi
• Ek khal
• Hriatrengna hloh, buaina
• Ruh natna

`HAM/TSP` (HTLV-1-associated myopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) natna lan chhuah dan chu:

• Ke pakhat emaw, ke pahnih emawa chak lohna emaw, nghet lo emaw, zawi zawiin a pung zel
• Hnung lam natna
• Zun chhuah loh (Urinary incontinence) a awm
• Ke ruh leh ke ruh natna, tingling sensation (Peripheral neuropathy) .

`HTLV-1` hian natna dang eng nge a thlen theih?

HTLV-1 virus kai mi 20 zinga pakhat (5% vel) chuan ATL (cancer) emaw HAM/TSP (neurological disease) tih ang chi natna an nei thin.

• `ATL` hi thisenah cancer chi khat a lo awm a . Subtype engemaw zat (`acute`, `lymphoma`, `smoldering`, `chronic` ang chi) a nei bawk. A chi hrang hrang enkawlna leh prognosis hi a inang lo deuh thei.
• `HAM/TSP` hi a natna a ni a, chu chuan nervous system a tichhe thei a ni. Natna `Multiple Sclerosis` (`MS`) nen hian inanna engemaw zat a nei a ni. Muscle chak lohna leh nervous system-a harsatna zual zel a thlen thin.

Heng natna lian pahnih bakah hian zirchiangtute chuan HTLV-1 hian inflammatory leh autoimmune natna thenkhat a thlen thei tih an hmuchhuak bawk . Mahse, an inzawmna dik tak erawh chu hriat chian a la ni lo. Chung natna thenkhat chu:

• Dermatitis a ni
• Arthritis natna a ni
• Mit chhungril lam natna (`Uveitis`) .
• Sjögren-a natna (syndrome) a ni

HTLV-1 kaihhnawih natna hi engtin nge a lo awm? Engvangin nge mi zawng zawngin an neih loh?

Kan taksaa `HTLV-1` virus a luh hian kan immune system-a `CD4` cells (`helper T-cells` tia hriat bawk)-ah a kal nghal a ni. Heng `CD4` cell te hi kan taksa police officer te ang an ni a, natna laka min venhimna atana puitu cell chi khat a ni.

Tunah chuan HTLV-1 ang retrovirus te hian an genetic information chu RNA an tih molecule ah an keng lut ta a ni. Kan cell-a an luh chuan virus hian fing takin a RNA chu kan cell-te information awmna DNA ang chiah chiah ah a chantir a. Tichuan, a siam DNA chi khat (provirus an tih) chu kan cell-te DNA-ah a inthun lut ta a ni. Phên dangin sawi ila, virus hian kan cell control tu software-ah hian a taksa peng pakhat a dah lut a ni.

Tunah chuan kan cell te hian virus `DNA` piece chu anmahniah a tel ve tih ngaihtuahin, virus copy tam zawk an siam tan ta a ni. Heng `HTLV` virus copy siam tharte hian kal in `CD4` cell tam zawk an kai leh thin. Hetiang hian taksaah hri hi darh mah se, a tlangpuiin natna lanchhuahna a awm lo.

Amaherawhchu, mi thenkhatah chuan kum tam tak hnuah he hri kai hian an taksain `T cell` a siam tam lutuk thin. Chu chu `ATL` leukemia tih natna a lo awm lai a ni. Thil dangah chuan he hri hian nervous system a kai thei a, `HAM/TSP` an tih natna a thlen thei bawk. Engvangin nge hetiang hi mi thenkhat chungah chauh a thlen tih hi zirchian mek a ni.

He `HTLV-1` virus hi engtin nge mi pakhat atanga mi dangah a kai theih?

`HTLV-1` virus kai theih dan tlangpui engemaw zat a awm a. Hengte hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle:

• Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga: invenna tel lo vaginal, anal emaw oral sex hman.
• Nu atanga fa hnenah hnute pek hmanga: Hri kai nuin a fa a hnute a pek hian.
• Needle insem hmangin: A bik takin ruihhlo inject thinte zingah.
• A tlem berah: Thisen pek emaw, taksa peng hrang hrang thlak emaw hmangin. Amaherawhchu, ram tam takah chuan tunah chuan thisen leh taksa peng hrang hrang pekte chu hri kai leh vei loh endik a ni tawh a, chuvangin heng hmanrua hmanga inkaichhawn hi a tlem hle.

Tute nge `HTLV-1` vei theihna chance sang zawk?

HTLV-1 kai theihna tipungtu thil engemaw zat a awm a:

• Damdawi inject loha damdawi inject.
• `HTLV` virus hluarna hmuna piang emaw, cheng emaw.

HTLV-1 kai tamna hmun thenkhatah chuan:

• Japan chhim thlang lam
• Sahara thlaler chhim lam Africa ramte (`Sub-Saharan Africa`)
• South America hmun thenkhatah chuan
• Caribbean thliarkarte a ni
• Iran hmar lam
• Central Australia-ah a awm a

Pawimawh: Ram khat chhungah pawh hri kai zat hi hmun tinah a inang vek lo. Hmun tenau thenkhatah chuan hri kai tamna a awm thei a, a pumpuiah pawh a hniam hle.

HTLV-1 infection avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

`HTLV-1` virus ringawt hian immune system a tichak lo. Amaherawhchu, `ATL` (cancer) emaw `HAM/TSP` (neurological disease) a lo awm chuan immune system a chak lo thei a ni.Hei hian mi hrisel zingah a tlangpuiin hmuh tur awm lo opportunistic infection a thlen thei a ni. Heng hri kai thenkhat hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei.

Engtin nge `HTLV-1` infection dik taka i hriat theih ang?

Doctor-te chuan thisen test hmangin HTLV-1 infection an hmuchhuak thin. He test hian HTLV virus laka taksaa antibodies (antibodies) siam chhuah te, a nih loh leh virus genetic material (RNA) awm leh awm loh a zawng thin.

Mahse, hei hi mi zawng zawng tan chuan routine test a ni lo. Doctor chuan a hnuaia thil thlengah hian he test atan hian a refer thei che a ni:

• HTLV-1 infection nena inzawm nia i ngaih damdawi lam dinhmun (e.g., ATL emaw HAM/TSP emaw symptoms) i neih chuan.
• HTLV natna vei tamna hmunah i awm a, nau hnute pek i tum a nih chuan.
• Thisen pe emaw, taksa peng pe emaw nih i beisei a nih chuan (hei hi tunah chuan hmun tam takah test ngei ngei tur a ni).

`HTLV-1` enkawlna tur a awm em? Dam theih a ni em?

Dik tak chuan `HTLV-1` virus hi damdawi a la awm lo. Chu chu virus hi taksa atanga paih bo vek theih a ni lo tihna a ni. Amaherawhchu, `HTLV-1` avanga natna `ATL` leh `HAM/TSP` te enkawlna tur a awm.

Hengte hi `ATL` (cancer) enkawlna atan an hmang thin:

• Lymphoma chi dang, entirnan chemotherapy atana hman tur damdawi .
• Antiviral damdawi, zidovudine (Retrovir®) leh interferon alfa te hi a ni. Mahse, ATL chi hrang hrang hian heng antiviral damdawi te hi an chhang vek lo.
• Stem cell thlak danglam a ni . Hei hi ATL nei zawng zawng tan chuan a theih loh. Mahse a hlawhtlin chuan dam rei zawng nasa takin a ti rei thei a ni.

`HAM/TSP` (neurological disease) vei tan chuan a hnuaia enkawlna te hi a natna lanchhuahna control nan leh hahdamna pe turin an hmang thin:

• `Interferon alfa` tih a ni.
• `Corticosteroids` hmangin inflammation tihziaawm rawh.
• Interferon beta hmanga siam a ni. Hei hian inflammation a tihziaawm thei a, nerve tihchhiat a veng thei bawk.
• Baclofen (Lioresal ®) emaw tizanidine emaw hmangin taksa ruh spasticity leh stiffness tihziaawmna tur.
• Urinary incontinence atan oxybutynin hman a ni.

`HTLV-1` ka neih chuan eng nge thleng ang? Ka lungngai tur em ni?

Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. HTLV-1 virus vei zawng zawng hian ATL emaw HAM/TSP emaw an nei vek dawn lo. Dik tak chuan hri kai tam zawkte hian heng natna khirh tak takte hi nei lovin nun pangngaiin an khawsa thei a ni.

Mahse, heng dinhmunte hi i neih chuan i thlirna chu i neih chi hrang hrangah a innghat a ni. ATL chi hrang hrang smoldering emaw chronic emaw nei te hian chi dang nei te aiin result tha zawk an nei thei. HAM/TSP hi hun kal zelah a na zual zel a, mahse, i hmuhchhuah hnuah kum sawm tam tak chhung chu i dam thei a ni.

He `HTLV-1` virus lakah hian engtin nge ka inven theih ang? A ven dan tur a awm em?

Ni e, `HTLV-1` hri darh zel tur venna atana kan tih theih tur a awm.

• Thisen pek leh taksa peng hrang hrang HTLV-1 test hian hri darh zel tur venna kawngah a pui thei a ni.
• I mimal risk tihtlem nan heng thilte hi i ti thei ang:
• Damdawi inject loh tur a ni.
• Injection needle ang chiah kha hman nawn leh emaw, midangte hnena sem emaw loh tur.
• Invenna tel lo sex hman loh tur. Mipat hmeichhiatna chi hrang hrang (vaginal, anal, or oral)-ah latex condom hmang fo ang che.
• HTLV-1 i vei tih hmuhchhuah i nih chuan nau hnute pek leh thisen pek loh tur a ni. HTLV-1 i vei a, hnute pek i duh chuan HTLV-1 lama tawnhriat nei doctor hnenah thurawn la rawh. Nu hnute chu express a, freeze-a dah a, chu chu thaw-a dah hian i naute hnena virus kai theihna a ti tlem thei a, mahse chutianga i tih hmain doctor lam pan hmasak a pawimawh.

`HTLV` positive tih awmzia chu eng nge ni?

`HTLV` positive i nih chuan i taksaah `HTLV-1` emaw `HTLV` chi dang emaw i nei tihna a ni. `ATL` emaw `HAM/TSP` emaw i siam chhuak ngei ang tihna a ni lo. `HTLV-1` positive i nih chuan midang hnena hri kai lo turin fimkhur theih dan tur a awm (nau hnute pek loh, invenna tel lova sex hman loh ang chi).

He `HTLV` hi engtiang chiahin nge a hlauhawm?

`HTLV` virus hi amah chauha ei chuan a hlauhawm lo tlangpui a, symptom a nei lo. Mahse, hriat reng a pawimawh a, `HTLV-1` hian a chang chuan cancer, thluak lam natna, a nih loh leh inflammatory condition a thlen thei a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

HTLV-1 test chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan, emaw, HTLV-1 positive i nih a, eng fimkhurna nge i tih tur tih hriat i duh chuan doctor nen inbiakna neih ngei ngei tur a ni. A bik takin HTLV-1 tamna hmuna awm i nih chuan hei hi hriat a pawimawh hle.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Okay, chuti a nih chuan `HTLV-1' chungchang hi kan sawi nasa hle a ni lawm ni? He hri hi khawvel hmun hrang hranga hmuh theih ni mah se, hmun tam takah chuan a awm lo tih hre reng ang che. Hri kai zinga za zela tlemte chauhvin natna khirh tak an nei thin.

A pawimawh ber chu, HTLV-1 test positive chungchangah lungngai suh.Mi tam zawk chuan hrisel takin an khawsa thei a, symptom engmah nei lovin. Mahse, he hri hi hriat chian a, a darh dan te, a laka inven dan te hian nangmah leh i chhehvela mite venhimna kawngah a pui thei a ni.

Hemi chungchanga zawhna dang i neih chuan i chhungkaw doctor emaw, hemi chungchanga hriatna nei doctor emaw zawt hreh suh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` HTLV-1, Retrovirus, ATL, HAM/TSP, Cancer, Thluak lam natna, Viral infection