Kan beisei loh hunah accident kan hmachhawn a ngai mai thei. Chutiang hunah chuan hliam na tak chuan kan nun pum pui a tidanglam theihna chance a sang hle. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hetiang hliam hi `(Traumatic Injury)` kan ti a. Hei hi natna khirh tak leh nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Chuvangin, mi zawng zawng tan he thil hi dik taka hriattir kan nih a pawimawh hle.
A awlsam zawngin, traumatic injury chu eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin ``Traumatic Injury'' tih hi accident avanga taksa hliam eng pawh, taksa tichhe thei, a chang chuan nunna atana hlauhawm pawh a ni. Entirnan, thisen chhuah tam lutuk emaw, lu hliam na tak emaw hliam chu he category-ah hian a tel a ni.
Dik tak chuan Sri Lanka-ah hian hetiang hliam hi a tam hle. Ni eng pawha hospital emergency department (ETU)-a dah damlo tam tak chuan hetiang hliam hi an tuar tawh a ni. Heng hliamte hi in lamah emaw, hnathawhna hmunah emaw, lirthei khalh lai emaw, kawngpuiah emaw a kal laiin a thleng thei a ni.
Heng hliam na tak takte hi tlu leh motor chetsualna thlentu ber a ni fo thin. Tharum thawhna avanga lo awm thei a ni bawk a, chu chu mi beih, thal kah, a nih loh leh silai hmehpuah a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu hetiang hliam na tak hi medical emergency a ni . Nangmah emaw, midang emaw hliam na tak tuar nia i hriat chuan damdawi in Emergency Department (ETU)-ah hruai nghal rawh.
Hetiang accident hi nun tidanglam thei thil a ni. Nangmah chauh ni lovin, nangmah enkawltu i chhungte pawh a nghawng a ni. Hetiang hliam atanga dam leh tur hian hun a duh a ni. Damna chu a zawi thei hle. Chuvang chuan nangmah leh i chhehvela mite chungah dawhtheihna i neih a pawimawh hle.
Hliam na chi hrang hrang a awm em?
Ni e, doctor-te chuan heng hliamte hi an lo awm dan leh taksa chunga nghawng a neih dan azirin an thliar hrang thin. A chi thum a awm a. Hriatthiam awlsam zawk nan hei hi han thlir ila.
| Hliam chi hrang hrang | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Blunt force trauma tih a ni | Hei hi a tam ber chi a ni. Thil pakhatin taksa a rawn deng nasat lutuk hian a thleng thin. Entîr nân, hmun sâng aṭanga tlu emaw, lirtheiin a rawn su emaw, thil pakhatin nasa taka a rawn deng emaw. Hei hian ruh tliak, chhungril thisen chhuak, hliam thuk tak, leh lu hliam na tak (concussion na tak) a thlen thei a ni. |
| Deceleration chak lutuk avanga hliam (Deceleration trauma) . | Motor tlan chak takah i chuang a, rang takin thil pakhatah a insu ta niin han mitthla teh. I taksa pawh chutiang bawk chuan hmalam a pan a, a vuak bawk. I lu hian steering wheel a tawk a nih chuan i lu chhunga thluak chu i luruh chungah a rawn tlan let leh thei a ni. Hei hian thluak chhiatna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni. |
| Trauma luhchilh thei | Hei hi thil nalh tak tak vun chhunga lut a, taksa chhunga a luh hian a thleng thin. Entirnan, chemte kah emaw, silai kah emaw a ni. Hetiang hliam hi thil hrual (wire ang chi) chu a tlak emaw, a tlak emaw a nih pawhin, a nih loh leh puak avanga shrapnel-in a tihchhiat pawhin a thleng thei bawk. |
Engtin nge doctor chuan hei hi "hliam lian tak" a nih thu a rel?
A tlangpuiin taksa hmun hrang hrangah nunna atana hlauhawm hliam tam tak a ruala a awm chuan "hliam na tak lian tak" anga ngaih a ni. Doctor-te chuan heng hliam nasat dan tehna atan hian standard method an hmang thin. Injury Severity Score (ISS) tih a ni.
He system hian doctor-te chu damlo tinte chu a inang tlanga enin enkawlna chungchanga thutlukna siam turin a pui a ni. Entirnan, he scoring system hian damlo pakhat chu damdawi inah dah emaw, damdawi in danga specialist enkawlna atana sawn emaw tur tih thutlukna siam turin a pui a ni.
Engtin nge heng mark te hi i pek thin?
Doctor-te chuan thil pawimawh pahnih an ngaihtuah a:
- Hliam awm zat: Taksa hmun pawimawh engemaw zat (lu leh kawng, hmai, rilru, pum leh pelvis, kut leh ke, leh vun)-ah hliam engzat nge awm tih ziak rawh.
- Hliam nasat dan: Hliam hi a tenau, a hniam, a nasat, a na hle, a nasat em em, a tihdam theih loh anga teh a ni. Inhliam a nasat poh leh score a sang zawk thin.
Heng thilte hmang hian taksa chhunga hliam na ber pathumte chu hriatchhuah a ni a, score a ni a, a tawpah chuan ISS score chhut a ni. ISS score 15 aia sang chu hliam na tak lian takah ngaih a ni.
Hetiang hliam vang hian eng damdawi lam harsatna dang nge awm thei?
Hliam na tak chuan damdawi lam dinhmun chi hrang hrang a thlen thei a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:
- Ruh tliak , ruh tliak te pawh a tel.
- Lung a tlakbuak.
- Deep cuts a awm.
- Electric shock a ni.
- Flail chest a ni.
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) hi lu-a hliam na tak, lu ruh tliak emaw, thluaka thisen chhuak emaw a ni.
- Thisen chhuak tam lutuk (Hemorrhage).
- Hypovolemic shock hi thisen sang tlahniam avanga lo awm a ni.
- Spinal cord hliam tuar .
- Internal organs (e.g. pancreas, spleen) tihchhiat avanga chhungril thisen chhuak .
- Traumatic amputation chu accident avanga ke leh ke, kut emaw, ke emaw, a hloh a ni .
- Thisen kalna kawng lian tak Aorta chu a chhe vek.
Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah hian engtin nge enkawlna pek a nih?
Damlo pakhat chu emergency room-a hruai a nih hnuah, medical team chuan rang takin hma an la a, nunna chhanhimna atana thil tul pawimawh tak takte chu an kalpui a ni. Hetiang kalphung hi ABCDE method tia hriat a ni.
| Step hrang hrang | Eng nge tih a nih |
|---|---|
| A - Thlawhna kawng | A hmasa ber chu damloin thaw a tha thei em tih leh thawkna kawng a inkhar em tih enfiah a ni. |
| B - Thâwk chhuah | Thâwk lak dan enfiah a ni. Lung tlu (pneumothorax) ang chi dinhmun chu enfiah a ni. Endotracheal tube hi a hmunah a awm tha em tih enfiah thin a ni. |
| C - Circulation a ni | Pawn lam atanga thisen chhuak hliam a awm chuan enkawl nghal a ni. Tin, internal bleeding chhinchhiahna leh damlo chu shock-ah a kal dawn em tih pawh an enfiah bawk. |
| D - Rualbanlo (Nervous Disorder) 1.1. | Nervous system emaw spinal cord emaw a chhiatna a awm leh awm loh hriat nan a tul anga test neih mek a ni. |
| E - Exposure (test kimchang) a awm thei. | Damlo thawmhnaw zawng zawng phelh vek la, a taksa pum pui chu uluk takin enfiah la, hmuh theih loh hliam a awm loh nan. |
Doctor-te hian nunna atana hlauhawm ber hliamte chu an enkawl hmasa fo thin. Vawi tam tak chu, specialist surgeon chuan nunna atana hlauhawm hliam emaw, dinhmun emaw enkawl nân emergency surgery a ti ṭhin.
I enkawlna tur chu i hliam awm danah a innghat ang. Orthopaedic specialist leh neurosurgeon te tanpuina i lak a ngai thei bawk.
A dam chhung zawngin enkawl chhunzawm zel tur a ni. Entir nan:
- Taksa lam enkawlna
- Occupational therapy hmanga enkawlna
- Psychological support pek - lungngaihna, lungkhamna, leh post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ang chi dinhmunte tanpui.
Hetiang ang accident hi ven theih a ni lo em ni?
Accident hi 100% in ven theih a ni lo. Mahse, accident-a inhnamhnawih hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur thil kan tih theih a awm. Entirnan, car accident hi hliam na tak tuar tam ber a ni.
Lirthei a chuang dawnin seat belt vuah fo ang che. Zu emaw ruihhlo emaw rui chungin lirthei khalh ngai suh, doctor-in a pek pawh nise, mutthilh tir thei damdawi eng pawh rui lovin lirthei khalh ngai suh . Heng thil awlsam tak takte hian i nunna a chhanhim thei a ni.
Hliam na tak chu darkar khat chhungin a thleng thei. Mahse, a dam kim theih nan thla tam tak, kum tam tak pawh a ngai thei. Taksa hliamte chu a dam laiin, rilru lama hliamte chu a dam theih nan hun a duh a ni. Hetiang accident avanga thil thleng tur hi nangmah chauha i buai a nih chuan i doctor hnenah tanpuina dil rawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Traumatic Injury tih hian hliam na tak, nunna atana hlauhawm emaw, thihna thlen thei emaw a kawk a ni.
- Tlu leh motor chetsualna te hi a chhan ber a ni.
- Hetiang hliam hi medical emergency a ni. Damlo chu damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah hruai nghal rawh.
- Damna kawngah hian hun a duh a ni. Rilru hriselna hi taksa hriselna ang bawkin a pawimawh a ni.
- Hriselna dan (e.g. seat belt vuah, zu in loh leh lirthei khalh loh) zawm hian accident hlauhawmna i ti tlem thei a ni.
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