He uaua ki a koe te manawa, he mate rānei pērā i te mate huango? Kua tirohia e koe te ingoa o te taputapu manawa e whakamahia ana e koe? Tērā pea kua hoatu e tō tākuta he rongoā ki a koe e kiia nei ko te "beta-agonist." He aha te tikanga o tēnei? Tērā pea he ahua uaua te ingoa, engari kaua e manukanuka. I tēnei rā ka kōrerohia e tātou i roto i tētahi huarahi tino māmā ka taea e koe te mārama.
He aha te tikanga o tēnei beta-agonist?
Ko ngā Beta-agonists he momo rongoā e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i ngā mate pūkahukahu. Hei mārama ki tā rātou mahi, me mārama koe ki ngā "panoni" iti i roto i ō tātou tinana. Ka kiia ēnei he beta-receptors . Whakaarohia rātou he tatau iti i roto i ō tātou pūtau. Ko te beta-agonist te kī e whakatuwhera ana i ēnei tatau.
Ina haere tēnei rongoā (te kī) ka herea ki taua kaiwhakawhiwhi (te tatau), ka whiwhi taua pūtau i tētahi "tohu" hei mahi i tētahi mea. Mā tēnei tohu ka whakangāwari ngā uaua o roto i ngā whekau pēnei i ō tātou pukahukahu me te ngākau. Ina whakangāwari ngā uaua o roto i ngā pukahukahu, ka whānui ake ngā ara manawa kua whaiti, ka māmā ake te manawa māu. Waihoki, ka taea e ētahi momo beta-agonists te whakanui ake i te tere o te ngākau me te whakanui ake i te pai o te ngākau.
He aha ngā momo matua o ngā beta-agonists?
E toru ngā momo matua o ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi beta i roto i tō tātou tinana: beta-1, beta-2, me te beta-3. Nō reira, kua hangaia ēnei rongoā hei aro ki aua kaiwhakawhiwhi.
Ngā kaiwhakaoho Beta-1
Ko te nuinga o ēnei rongoā ka aro ki ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi beta-1 i roto i te ngākau . Ina hoatu ēnei rongoā, ka tere ake te pao o te ngākau, ka kaha ake te pupuhi toto. Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia ēnei e ngā tākuta i ngā hōhipera i ngā wā ohorere pēnei i ngā mate ngākau.
Ngā kaiwhakaoho Beta-2
Koinei te momo beta-agonist e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Ko te rongoā manawa huango e whakamahia ana e koe, ko tētahi pea o ēnei momo rongoā. Ka aro atu ēnei ki ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi beta-2 i roto i ngā pukahukahu . Ina manawahia ēnei rongoā mā te rongoā manawa, ka whakangāwari i ngā uaua huri noa i ngā ara manawa o ngā pukahukahu, ka whānui ake. Koia hoki te take i huaina ai rātou he bronchodilators .
E rua ngā rōpū o tēnei momo beta-2 agonist:
- Ngā beta-agonists mahi poto (SABA): Koinei ngā mea kei roto i ō "whakaora manawa". Whakaarohia kua pāngia koe e te mate huango, ā, kua poto te manawa. Ina pā koe ki tēnei whakaora manawa, ka tere te whakawhanui i ō ara manawa, ā, ka māmā ake te manawa i roto i ētahi meneti.
- Ngā rongoā beta-agonists roa-mahi (LABA):Ka whakamahia ēnei i ia rā hei whakahaere i ngā tohu. Ka tūtohu ngā tākuta i ēnei mō te hunga whai mate pēnei i te COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau tonu) me te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate huango auau. Ka roa ngā pānga o ēnei mō ngā hāora.
Ngā kaiwhakaoho Beta-3
He mea hou tēnei momo rongoā. E whakamahia ana ngā beta-3 agonists o nāianei hei whakangāwari i ngā uaua o te pūkahukahu . Hei rongoā tēnei mō te mate e kiia nei ko te "pūkahukahu kaha rawa atu," arā, me mimi pinepine koe. Ka whakanui ake i te kaha o te pūkahukahu, ā, ka whakahaere i te hiahia ki te mimi.
Ngā āhuatanga matua e whakamahia ai ngā beta-agonists
E ai ki tā tātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga e whakamahia ai ngā beta-agonists i runga i te momo beta-agonist.
- Ngā mate manawa: Ko ngā Beta-2 agonists (ina koa ko ngā inhalers) e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei rongoā i ngā mate pēnei i te huango me te COPD .
- Ngā āhuatanga ohorere hauora: Ka whakamahia ngā Beta-1 agonists i roto i ngā hōhipera hei whakaora i te mahi a te ngakau i roto i ngā take pēnei i te mate pāwera kino (anaphylaxis) me te ohorere cardiogenic.
- Mate ngakau: Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ēnei hei rongoā i ētahi mate ngakau.
- Ngā raruraru o te pūngāwerewere: Ka whakamahia ngā rongoā Beta-3 agonists hei rongoā i te pūngāwerewere e kaha rawa ana te mahi.
- Ngā taumata pāhare pāporo tiketike o te toto (Hyperkalemia): I ētahi wā, ka whakamahia hoki he beta-2 agonist hei whakahaere i ngā taumata pāhare pāporo tiketike rawa atu o te toto.
Ko te mea nui, kaua e whakamahia tetahi o ēnei rongoā me te kore he tohutohu a te tākuta. Ko tō tākuta anake ka taea te whakatau i te rongoā tika, te horopeta, me te tikanga whakamahi māu.
| Momo Beta-agonist | Ngā tauira (ingoa o ngā rongoā) | Te nuinga o te whakamahinga |
|---|---|---|
| Te kaiwhakaoho beta-2 mahi poto (SABA) | Albuterol, Salbutamol, Levalbuterol | Mō ngā uauatanga manawa ohorere i puta mai i te mate huango, te COPD rānei. |
| Agonist beta-2 mahi roa (LABA) | Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol | Hei whakahaere i ngā tohumate o te mate huango me te COPD i ia rā. |
| Beta-1 agonist | Dobutamine, Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) | Hei whakanui ake i te mahi a te ngakau i roto i ngā āhuatanga ohorere pēnei i te whakaeke ngakau. |
| Ngā kaiwhakaoho Beta-1 me beta-2 | Epinephrine (Adrenaline), Isoproterenol | I ngā āhuatanga ohorere pērā i te mate pāwera kino (anaphylaxis). |
| Beta-3 agonist | Mirabegron | Pūkahukahu puku kaha rawa. |
He pēhea te mahi a tēnei rongoā i roto i te tinana?
He tino māmā tēnei ki te mārama. Kei roto i tō tātou tinana tētahi mea e kiia nei ko te "pūnaha io ā-roto." Koinei te mea e whakahaere ana i ngā mea kāore e taea e tātou te whakahaere (pēnei i te manawa, te tere o te ngakau). Ko tētahi wāhanga o tēnei e kiia ana ko te "pūnaha io ā-hinengaro." Koinei te mea e whakaoho ana i te urupare "whawhai-ā-rere" a tō tātou tinana.
Whakaarohia kei te hikoi koe i te tiriti, ā, ka whaia koe e tētahi kurī. Ka pāngia tō tinana e tētahi panoni nui, tika?
- Kei te tere te pao o te ngākau.
- Kei te tere haere te manawa.
- Ka rongo te tinana i te kaha nui.
Koinei te mahi a te "pūnaha io ngākau aroha". Ka whakaohokia e ngā rongoā beta-agonist ētahi wāhanga o tēnei pūnaha, me te kore e tūpono ki tētahi āhuatanga morearea pēnei.
- Mō ngā pukahukahu: Ka whakawhanui ake i ngā ara manawa, ka āwhina i te tinana kia nui ake te hāora.
- Mō te ngākau: Ka whakanui ake i te tere o te ngākau, ā, ka tere ake te tuku toto whai hāora ki ngā uaua.
- Mō te pūkahukahu:Ka whakangāwari i te pūkahukahu, ka taea ai te pupuri i te nui o te mimi.
Ko tētahi momo rongoā e mahi ana i te ritenga kē o tēnei e kiia ana ko ngā "beta-blockers." Ka āraihia e rātou aua beta-receptors (ngā kuaha) i kōrerohia e tātou. Kāore e taea e ngā beta-agonists te whakaoho i a rātou.
He aha ngā pānga taha ka pā mai pea i ēnei rongoā?
Pērā i ngā rongoā katoa, ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e ngā beta-agonists. Heoi, ina whakamahia hei inhaler, ka haere tika te rongoā ki ngā pukahukahu, nō reira he iti noa te tūponotanga o ngā pānga taha. Heoi, ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i:
- Te pikinga o te tere o te ngakau (Tachycardia)
- Te pā o te manawa kāore i te tika (Arrhythmia)
- Te toto toto tiketike (hypertension)
- Te wiri o ngā peka
- Te kore okiokinga, te manukanuka rānei
- Te werawera
- Ānini
- Ngā mamae o te uaua
Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei pānga taha, ki te kore rānei tō rongoā e whai hua, kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta . Tērā pea ka taea e ia te whakarerekē i tō horopeta, te tohu rānei i tētahi atu rongoā.
Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?
Mena kei te whakamahi koe i te beta-agonist, kia kite koe i tō tākuta i roto i ēnei āhuatanga.
- Mena ka pāngia koe e tētahi pānga taha ohorere, kino rānei.
- Ki te mea kei te whakaaro koe kāore tō maimoatanga e whai hua ana i ēnei rā. Hei tauira, mēnā i mua ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te kotahi pupuhi o tō inhaler, engari ināianei me whakamahi koe i ngā pupuhi e rua, e toru rānei.
- Mena kei te kino haere ō tohumate i ia rā, i ia rā.
Ki te pāngia koe e te uauatanga nui ki te manawa, te mamae o te uma, te kikorangi rānei o ngā ngutu, haere tonu ki te rūma ohorere o te hōhipera (ETU). Tērā pea he tohu ēnei o tētahi mate kino.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko ngā Beta-agonists he momo rongoā e rongoā ana i ngā mate manawa pēnei i te huango me te COPD.
- Ko tā ēnei mahi he whakawhanui i ngā ara manawa i roto i ngā pukahukahu, me te whakangawari ake i te manawa.
- E rua ngā momo matua: te rongoā poto-mahi (SABA) me te rongoā roa-mahi (LABA). Ka whakamahia te SABA i ngā wā ohorere.
- Me whakamahi noa i tēnei rongoā i runga i te taunakitanga a te tākuta, me te horopeta kua whakaritea.
- Tērā pea ka puta ngā pānga taha pēnei i te wiri o ngā ringaringa me te tere o te papā o te ngakau, ā, ki te kino rawa atu, ki te whakaaro rānei koe kāore te maimoatanga e whai hua, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora.
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