He mea noa te mataku ina kī mai tō tākuta me pokanga koe ki te ngākau. He tokomaha e whakaaro ana he mahi tino mamae tēnei, me tapahi nui i waenganui o te uma, ā, me noho roa ki te hōhipera. Engari i ēnei rā, kua tino whanake te pūtaiao hauora. He tikanga kei reira hei rongoā i te ngākau mā roto i ētahi kōhao iti, kaua ki te tapahi nui pērā i mua. Ko taua tikanga te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te Pokanga Ngākau Whakararu iti . I tēnei rā, ka kōrerohia e tātou tēnei mea mā te ngāwari, i roto i te huarahi e mārama ai koe.
He aha te tikanga o te Pokanga Manawa Whakaiti i te Urunga?
Whakaarohia, i roto i te pokanga ngākau tuwhera tuku iho, ka tapahia e te taote pokanga te wheua uma katoa (sternum) i waenganui o tō uma kia tae atu ai ki tō ngākau. Ka roa te wā e ora ai tēnei, he tino mamae, ā, ka waiho he koha nui.
Engari i roto i tēnei tikanga hou, e kiia nei ko te Pokanga Whakaiti Iti, kāore he tapahi nui pērā. Engari, ka mahia tētahi, neke atu rānei, ngā tapahi iti rawa ki te taha o tō uma, i waenganui i ō rara. Kātahi ka whakauruhia ngā kāmera hangarau matatau, ngā taputapu pokanga tino ātaahua, me ētahi ringa karetao mā roto i ēnei tapahi iti hei mahi i te pokanga e tika ana ki tō ngākau.
Me pēhea te tirohanga a te taote pokanga ki te ngākau? Ka mātaki ia i ngā whakaahua mārama mai i tētahi kāmera kaha-teitei i runga i te mata tirotiro, ā, ka āta whakahaere i ēnei taputapu. He rite ki te tākaro i tētahi kēmu ataata, engari he tino uaua ake, he tino tupato ake.
Me titiro tātou ki te ripanga i raro nei hei whakamārama ake i te rerekētanga i waenga i ēnei tikanga e rua.
| Āhuatanga | Pokanga Whakaiti i te Urunga | Pokanga Ngākau Tuwhera Tuku Iho |
|---|---|---|
| Tapahi | Tata ki te 1-3 ngā tapahi iti ka mahia ki te taha o te uma. | He tapahi nui, 6-8 inihi te roa, i waenganui o te uma. |
| Mamae | He iti iho. | He nui rawa te mamae i muri i te pokanga. |
| Te wā whakaora | Tino tere. Ka taea te whakaora i roto i ngā wiki e 2-4. | E 6-8 wiki, neke atu rānei. |
| Te wā i te hōhipera | He torutoru noa ngā rā. | I te nuinga o te wā me tatari koe mō te wiki, neke atu rānei. |
| Ngā whara | He iti noa iho ngā koha, kāore e kitea. | Ka mahue he koha nui, e kitea ana i waenganui o te uma. |
| Te tūponotanga o te mate | Iti iho. | Nui rawa. |
He aha ngā momo pokanga ēnei?
E rua ngā momo matua o te pokanga ngākau iti rawa te whakaekenga.
1. Pokanga thoracoscopic: I tēnei, ka whakauruhia e te taote pokanga he ngongo roa me te kāmera e kiia nei ko te thoracoscope mā roto i tētahi kōhao iti i te taha o te uma. Ka whakamahia e te taote pokanga ngā taputapu roa, angiangi kua whakauruhia mā roto i ētahi atu kōhao hei mahi i te pokanga, mā te whakamahi i ngā whakaahua mai i tēnei kāmera.
2. Pokanga ngākau āwhina-rorohiko: Koinei te tikanga tino matatau o ēnei tikanga. I konei anō hoki, ka hangaia he kōhao iti ki te taha o te uma. Heoi, kāore te tākuta e mahi tika i te pokanga. Ka noho ia ki mua i te pūnaha whakahaere rorohiko (papatohu) ka whakahaere i ngā ringa rorohiko. Ka taea e ēnei ringa rorohiko te mahi mārire ake, te tika, me te kore e neke atu i te ringa tangata. Waihoki, nā te mea ka riro mai ngā whakaahua toru-ahu (3D), ka taea te mahi i te pokanga i te wā e titiro ana ki te ahua tino mārama o te ngākau.
He aha ngā momo mate ngakau e whakamahia ana tēnei tikanga?
Kāore e taea te mahi i ngā pokanga ngākau katoa mā te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga. Heoi, he maha ngā pokanga noa e mahia angitu ana mā te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga. Mā tō tākuta e whakatau mēnā he tika tēnei tikanga māu.
- Te whakatikatika, te whakakapi rānei i te takirere, inā koa ko ngā pokanga e pā ana ki te takirere mitral.
- Ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te atrial septal defect (ASD) , e kati ai ngā kōhao i roto i te ngākau.
- Te tango i te pukupuku o te ngakau.
- Ko ētahi pokanga whakawhiti uaua ngakau .
- Ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te tikanga Maze mō ngā koretake o te manawa o te ngakau (arrhythmias).
- Te tāutanga o tētahi taputapu āwhina ventricular.
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i mua atu, ā, i muri mai i te pokanga?
I mua i te pokanga
Mā tō taote pokanga koe e tohutohu mō te whakarite mō te pokanga. Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia mutu te tango i ētahi rongoā (ina koa ko ngā rongoā whakaiti toto) i ētahi rā i mua i te pokanga. Ka hoatu he rongoā whakamoe whānui ki a koe kia kore ai koe e rongo i tetahi mea i te wā e pokangahia ana.
Ka honoa koe ki tētahi mīhini ngākau-pūkahukahu hei pupuri i te rere o te toto i roto i tō tinana i te wā e pokangahia ana.
I te wā o te pokanga
E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ka tapahia e te taote pokanga tētahi, ētahi rānei tapahi iti ki te taha o te uma. Mā roto i ēnei, ka whakauruhia he kāmera me ngā taputapu hei mahi i te whakatikatika ngākau e tika ana, te whakakapinga takirere, te maimoatanga rānei. Kia oti te mahi, ka tuia ngā kōhao iti. Ko te tikanga, ka roa pea tēnei mahi katoa mai i te rua ki te ono hāora .
I muri i te pokanga
I muri i te pokanga, ka tirotirohia koe i roto i te wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU) mō te rā kotahi, e rua rānei. Tērā pea ka whakanohoia he maha ngā ngongo wai iti ki waho o tō uma hei aukati i te hanga wai huri noa i tō ngākau.
Kātahi ka whakawhitia koe ki tētahi wāhanga noa. He mea miharo, ka āwhinahia koe kia ara ake, kia hikoi i roto i te rā kotahi, e rua rānei i muri i te pokanga. Ka akona hoki koe ki ngā mahi manawa hei ārai i te hanga huware i roto i ō pukahukahu. I te nuinga o te wā ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i roto i ētahi rā.
He aha ngā mōrearea o tēnei pokanga?
Pērā i ngā pokanga katoa, he mōrearea kei reira, engari ki te whakaritea ki te pokanga tuwhera, he iti ake te mōrearea o ngā raruraru.
Ngā tūponotanga pea:
- Te toto
- Ngā mate urutā
- Ngā koretake o te manawa o te ngakau (arrhythmias)
- Whiu
He tino onge, mēnā ka whakaaro te taote pokanga kāore e haumaru te tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga i te wā e mahia ana, ka huri pea rātou ki te pokanga tuwhera tonu. He tino onge tēnei e tupu ana, engari he mea nui kia mōhio ki tēnei.
Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai?
Koinei te painga nui o tēnei tikanga. I muri i te pokanga tuwhera, kāore e taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi taumaha, te taraiwa rānei mō ngā marama maha. Heoi, i muri i te pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga, ka taea e koe te hoki ki ō mahi o ia rā i roto i te rua ki te whā wiki noa iho .
Tērā pea ka nui ake tō ngenge i tō te tikanga mō ngā wiki tuatahi. He mea noa tēnei. He pai ake kia kaua e mahi i tētahi mea taumaha, pērā i te hiki i ngā taumaha, mō ētahi wiki. Mā tō tākuta koe e tohutohu me pēhea te whakanui haere i tō taumata mahi ina tika. Tērā pea ka tukuna koe ki tētahi kaupapa whakaora ngākau . Mā tēnei koe e āwhina ki te ako me pēhea te whakakori tinana haumaru me te kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau.
He aha ngā tohu e whakaatu ana me toro atu koe ki te tākuta i muri i te pokanga?
Ki te pā mai tētahi o ngā tohu i raro nei i muri i tō hokinga ki te kāinga, me waea atu tonu koe ki tō tākuta .
- Te pupuhi, te wai rānei e maringi ana i ngā motu.
- Te pupuhi nui, te whero rānei huri noa i te patunga.
- Te kirika, te mātao rānei.
- Te rongo i te tere o te ngakau (te tere o te manawa).
- Te pupuhi rerekē o ngā waewae, o ngā waewae rānei (edema).
- Te pikinga taumaha neke atu i te 1.5 kg (3 pauna) i roto i te wiki.
He tohu pea ēnei o tētahi mate pāwera, o tētahi atu raruraru rānei, nō reira kaua e warewaretia.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te Pokanga Ngākau Whakaekenga Iti rawa he tikanga pokanga matatau e mahia ana mā roto i ngā tapahi iti i roto i te uma, kaua ki te hanga i tētahi tapahi nui.
- He iti ake te mamae o tēnei tikanga, he tere ake te wā whakaora, he torutoru noa ngā rā e noho ana ki te hōhipera, ā, kāore he koha nui e toe ana.
- He iti iho anō hoki te mōrearea o ngā raruraru i ērā o te pokanga tuwhera.
- He maha ngā pokanga ka taea te mahi mā te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga, pērā i te whakatika i ngā takirere ngākau me te kati i ngā kōhao i roto i te ngākau.
- Ko tō tākuta ngakau te tangata pai rawa atu hei whakatau mēnā he tika tēnei pokanga māu, nō reira kaua e wehi ki te kōrero ki a ia mō tēnei mea.
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