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ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (TTE) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (TTE) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ `ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ`, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `TTE` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (TTE)` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯃꯈꯂꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯃꯔꯤ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯚꯤꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ `ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, `TTE` ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ . ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ . ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ (ꯏꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ)꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ, ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ. ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

  • ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫
  • ꯏꯗꯤꯃꯥ : ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯨꯔꯃꯨꯔ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ / ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

  • ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ (aortic dissection) ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (ECG) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
  • ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ .
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯁꯜ (`Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy`)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (`Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy`) ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

`TTE` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ `TEE`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

`ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.)`ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯦꯁꯣꯐꯦꯖꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (TEE)`ꯅꯤ꯫

`TTE` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ), ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ `ꯏꯟꯖꯦꯛꯁꯟ` (ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ) ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (endoscope) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

`TTE` ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ `TEE` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ `TEE` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯥꯏꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯥ ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ. ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ (ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯥꯔ) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

`ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ `ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ` ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯏꯀꯣ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, "ꯏꯀꯣ"ꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯏꯀꯣ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯗꯣꯞꯂꯔ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯥꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯊꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ (ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯥꯏ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦ

1. ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯔꯤꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯦꯆꯁꯤꯡ (ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ) ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

3. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

4. ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯔ` (ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯐꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯔ` ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ `ꯏꯀꯣ`ꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

5. ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ "ꯂꯤꯚꯤꯡ ꯃꯨꯚꯤ" ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯠꯇꯦ `TTE` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ , ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯊꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

`TTE` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯦ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯦ꯫ `ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇ` ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯏꯟꯖꯦꯛꯁꯟ` ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯂꯥꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (TTE) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫


` ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ, ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ, ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ., ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ, ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (TTE) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (TTE) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ `ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ`, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `TTE` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (TTE)` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯃꯈꯂꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯃꯔꯤ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯚꯤꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ `ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, `TTE` ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ . ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ . ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ (ꯏꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ)꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ, ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ. ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

  • ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫
  • ꯏꯗꯤꯃꯥ : ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯨꯔꯃꯨꯔ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ / ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

  • ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ (aortic dissection) ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (ECG) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
  • ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ .
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯁꯜ (`Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy`)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (`Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy`) ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

`TTE` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ `TEE`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

`ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.)`ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯦꯁꯣꯐꯦꯖꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (TEE)`ꯅꯤ꯫

`TTE` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ), ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ `ꯏꯟꯖꯦꯛꯁꯟ` (ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ) ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (endoscope) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

`TTE` ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ `TEE` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ `TEE` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯥꯏꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯥ ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ. ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ (ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯥꯔ) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

`ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ `ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ` ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯏꯀꯣ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, "ꯏꯀꯣ"ꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯏꯀꯣ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯗꯣꯞꯂꯔ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯥꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯊꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ (ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯥꯏ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦ

1. ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯔꯤꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯦꯆꯁꯤꯡ (ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ) ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

3. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

4. ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯔ` (ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯐꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯔ` ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ `ꯏꯀꯣ`ꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

5. ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ "ꯂꯤꯚꯤꯡ ꯃꯨꯚꯤ" ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯠꯇꯦ `TTE` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ , ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯊꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

`TTE` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯦ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯦ꯫ `ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇ` ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯏꯟꯖꯦꯛꯁꯟ` ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ.`ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯂꯥꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (TTE) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫


` ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ, ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ, ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯏ., ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ, ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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