ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ? ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯅꯤ!

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ `(ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ)` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ...

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ``ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯦꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ`` ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ (``ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ`` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ``ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ`` (ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯁꯂꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ``ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ`` (ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ (left heart catheterization): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (catheter) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

2. ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ (abnormal heart rythm) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧ (`(ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ)`)꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (cardiomyopathy) ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ (ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ)ꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯥꯁ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠ (CABG)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯆꯒꯦ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ (`ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ) ꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ` ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ (ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ:

• ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ``ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ'' ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

• ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯁꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ (IVUS): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯅꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯚ (FFR): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
• `(ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯍꯔꯤꯟꯁ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ - ꯑꯣ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.)`: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ``ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ'' ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ: ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ (narrowed heart arteries) ꯄꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• `(ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ)`: ꯄꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ (`(ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ)`) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯚꯂꯚꯨꯂꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ: ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• `(ꯔꯣꯇꯥꯕꯂꯦꯁꯟ)`: ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯁꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯂꯤꯊꯣꯠꯔꯤꯞꯁꯤ (Intravascular lithotripsy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• `(ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯦꯕꯂꯦꯁꯟ)`: 1.1.ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯃꯛꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ (Hart Cath) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 30 ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯃꯉꯥ, ꯑꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯄꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

`(ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ)` ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ:

• ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ 6ꯗꯒꯤ 8 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ:

• ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (intravenous - IV) ꯂꯥꯏꯟ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯤ.ꯚꯤ.
• ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ) ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ (electrodes) ꯀꯌꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯃꯣꯅꯤꯇꯔ (EKG) ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯗꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ, ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ:

• ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯝꯕꯤꯡ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ (`ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯣꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯔ ꯁꯤꯠ` ꯑꯃꯥ - ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯠꯇꯣꯛ-ꯅꯥꯇꯣꯟ (sheath)ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯏ꯫ (ꯁꯦꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫)
• ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ (ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .
• ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ (ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ)꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯩ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯅꯊꯣꯛꯂꯦ꯫

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ:

• ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ (ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ)꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯅꯤꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ), ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ:

• ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯁꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ" (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ)꯫
• ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯶ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯃꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ (ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ "ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ" ꯊꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ)꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯏꯟ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯏꯪꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ), ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

• ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ (ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ (ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯕꯖꯥꯔꯚ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ (ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯃꯉꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯔꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ)꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯡ 24ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯊꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯆꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯨ-ꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯡ 24ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯪꯁ (ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (collapse)꯫
• ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (`(cardiac tamponade)`)꯫
• ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ (ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ )꯫
• ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯥꯁ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (CABG) ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯍꯋꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
• ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ``ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ''ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯦꯕꯇꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯪꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯦꯊꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ, ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ .

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `(ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯩꯊꯣꯏ-ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯈꯣꯉꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

` ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ꯫