ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯁꯤ꯫ (ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯤꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯟ; ꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯗꯣꯏꯐꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.

ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯤꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯗꯣꯏꯐꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯄꯁꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯀꯟꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ‘ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯤꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ‘ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ’ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯗꯣꯏꯐꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯟꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯂꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ .
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 12ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 60ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯣꯂꯝꯕꯣ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯅꯁ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯔꯠꯅꯦꯁ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯃꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯒꯝ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯐꯤ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯁ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫