ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯅꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ "ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯝꯐꯥꯏꯁꯦꯃꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯈꯉ-ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯵ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯳꯴ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯲꯵,꯰꯰꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM) , ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ (secondary type) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁ (ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁ)꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ (mediastinum)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯈꯪꯂꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

• ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯕꯛꯌꯨꯇꯦꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯝꯐꯥꯏꯁꯦꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯕꯕꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ "ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯤꯡ" ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯏ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ (trachea) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯉ꯭ꯀꯤ (bronchi) .
• ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯦꯑꯣꯂꯤ (ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ)
• ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ (`Esophagus`) .
• ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM) ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ (ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ)꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ , ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯟꯕ.
• ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ (alveoli) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯋꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ (Gastrointestinal tract ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ GI tract)ꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯐꯉ꯭ꯒꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ . ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯛ ꯈꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯀꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯖꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯍꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯖꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯍꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯛꯔꯤꯌꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

• ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ (ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁ)꯫
• ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯄꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ? (ꯗꯥꯏꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ) ꯴.

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯊꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯗꯃꯗꯥ "ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯟꯆꯤꯡ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ (ꯍꯥꯃꯃꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ)꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ:

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 24ꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯕꯖꯥꯔꯚꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯏꯅꯀꯤꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (ꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯕꯤꯜꯗꯑꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯍꯦꯂꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM) ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯍꯨꯝꯅꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ (ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ) ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ , ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯅꯤ? (ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯂꯨꯛ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM) ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯥꯌ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU) ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯤꯌꯨ:

• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯌ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯠꯍꯦꯗꯅꯦꯁ/ ꯐꯦꯏꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ?
• ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ (SPM) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫

` ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ, ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯝ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯊꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁ꯫