Moni! Lero tikambirana za mayeso ovuta pang'ono, koma ofunikira kwambiri pa ubongo wathu ndi msana. Izi zimatchedwa Cisternogram Scan. Mwina dokotala wakuuzani za izi, kapena mwamvapo za izi kwinakwake. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone mwachidule kuti ndi chiyani, chifukwa chake zimachitika, komanso momwe zimachitikira? Musadandaule, ndikufotokozera m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi cisternogram ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, pali madzi apadera ngati madzi omwe amayenda mkati mwa mitu yathu komanso m'mphepete mwa msana wathu. Madzi awa amadziwika kuti Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) mwachidule. Madzi a CSF awa amagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika kwambiri m'matupi athu.

Taganizirani izi motere:

• 'CSF' iyi ili ngati munthu amene amabweretsa chakudya ndi zakumwa, kutanthauza, zakudya, ku ubongo wathu ndi msana.
• Madzi a `CSF' awa amathandiza dongosolo lathu la mitsempha (CNS) kugwira ntchito bwino.
• Momwemonso, madzi awa amathandizanso kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsa zinthu zosafunikira ndi poizoni m'maselo a ubongo ndi msana.
• Chinthu china chofunika ndichakuti, monga zoziziritsira m'galimoto, zimagwira ntchito ngati chotetezera ubongo ndipo zimateteza ubongo , kuchepetsa mwayi wa chinthu ngati kugwedezeka kwa ubongo ngati ubongo wathu wagundidwa kwinakwake.

Choncho, mayesowa otchedwa cistenogram amachitika kuti awone ngati madzi a CSF akuyenda bwino muubongo wanu komanso m'mphepete mwa msana wanu, ngati pali kutsekeka kwinakwake, kapena ngati pali kutuluka madzi kwinakwake.

Iyi ndi mtundu wa scan wotchedwa ``Nuclear Medicine Imaging''. Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zina amatchedwa ``Radionuclide Cisternogram.'' Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndi chakuti zinthu zochepa kwambiri zowononga ma radiation zimalowetsedwa mumsana mwanu. Musadandaule, sizingakupwetekeni kwambiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati zili zotetezeka . Chifukwa cha izi, dokotala amatha kuwona bwino njira ya madzi a ``CSF'' panthawi yojambula.

Kodi scan iyi ikufunika liti?

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Chabwino, ndiye vuto lanji lomwe munthu amene ali ndi vutoli angalandire ndi cistenogram?" Kawirikawiri, ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti ubongo wanu kapena msana wanu ukutulutsa madzi a CSF (CSF leak) (kutanthauza kuti kuthamanga kwa ubongo/msana wanu kwachepa), kapena kuti madzi a CSF awa asonkhana kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti atsekedwa (kutanthauza kuti kuthamanga kwa ubongo/msana wanu kwawonjezeka), ndiye kuti scan iyi ikulangizidwa.

Onani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kodi mumamva ngati mukutaya mphamvu zanu mukamayenda?
• Kodi nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi chizungulire ?
• MosayembekezerekaKodi mutu umakupweteka? Mungamve ngati ululu ukukulirakulira mukayimirira.
• Kodi mumamva ngati muli ndi vuto la kumva pang'ono ? Kapena mumamva kulira m'makutu mwanu?
• Kodi muli ndi nseru ndi kusanza ?
• Kodi mukumva kupweteka kwa khosi kapena kuuma?
• Kodi mumamva kuwala kowala kapena phokoso lalikulu?
• Kodi mukuona ngati mukuvutika kuganiza bwino kapena kuganizira bwino ? Kodi kukumbukira kwanu kukuoneka kuti kwasokonekera pang'ono?

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi, dokotala wanu angaganizire zoyeserera ndi sistenogram.

Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji izi? Ndiyenera kumuuza chiyani dokotala?

Nthawi zambiri, palibe chokonzekera kuti muyesedwe ndi sistenogram tsiku lisanafike. Komabe, nthawi zina dokotala wanu amakupatsani malangizo apadera okhudza zomwe muyenera kudya ndi kumwa musanayesedwe (monga kusala kudya kwa maola angapo). Izi ziyenera kutsatiridwa bwino.

Koma chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti wina akutengereni kunyumba mukamaliza kusanthula . Chifukwa nthawi zina mungamamve kusasangalala pang'ono mukamaliza mayeso, monga mutu, kotero sikoyenera kuyendetsa galimoto nokha.

Chinthu china, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi, osabisa chilichonse :

• Kodi munayamba mwakhalapo ndi vuto lililonse la mankhwala oletsa kumva kupweteka, monga mankhwala oletsa kupweteka am'deralo kapena mankhwala oletsa kupweteka?
• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena muli ndi pakati, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu chifukwa mayesowa amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owopsa.
• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (osati omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani okha, komanso mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mavitamini, mankhwala azitsamba, ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumagula ku pharmacy). Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi monga aspirin kapena warfarin. Mankhwala ena amatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotaya magazi. Ngati izi zitachitika, dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti musiye kumwa masiku angapo musanachite scan.

Kodi kusanthula kwa cistenogram kumeneku kumachitika bwanji? Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane.

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe tingachitire mayeso awa. Musadandaule, ndifotokoza mwachidule. Zachitika m'njira zingapo.

Gawo Loyamba: Zili ngati kumwa madzi pang'ono kumbuyo kwanu - ndicho chimene chimayambitsa kubowoledwa kwa lumbar.

Choyamba kuchita ndi `Spinal Tap`. Timachitchanso `Lumbar Puncture`. Anthu ena amachitchanso `kutenga madzi kuchokera ku msana.` Koma apa, samwa madzi, amangobaya madzi apadera amenewo.

Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika:

• Choyamba, msana wanu wapansi, komwe singano idzalowetsedwa, udzatsukidwa bwino ndipo mudzabayidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse. Anthu ena angapatsidwenso mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti awathandize kupumula ndikuchepetsa nkhawa zawo. Nthawi zambiri, ndipo nthawi zina zapadera, ndi pamene mankhwala oletsa ululu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asamve kupweteka konse.
• Kenako mudzapemphedwa kugona chafufumimba patebulo loyezera, kapena kugona chammbali ndi mawondo anu atakokedwa pachifuwa, ngati kuti mwapindana . Izi zimathandiza kuti pakhale malo ambiri pakati pa msana wanu.
• Kenako, dokotala amaika singano yopyapyala kwambiri, yopanda kanthu mumsana mwanu. Izi zimatsogozedwa kudzera m'mitsempha ya msana, kupita kumalo komwe kuli madzi a CSF (otchedwa malo a subarachnoid). Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa fluoroscopy (njira yomwe imakulolani kuwona zithunzi za X-ray). Choncho palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kuti singanoyo ipita pamalo olakwika.
• Ndi kudzera mu singano imeneyo pomwe pang'ono mwa mankhwala owopsa omwe atchulidwa kale amalowetsedwa mu madzi anu a CSF .
• Ntchito imeneyo ikatha, singano imachotsedwa mosamala, ndipo pulasitala yaying'ono imayikidwa pamalo amenewo.

Kenako fufuzani

Pambuyo poti lumbar puncture yatha ndipo zinthu zotulutsa ma radioactive zabayidwa, muyenera kuzipatsa nthawi yoti ziyende kudzera mu CSF kupita ku ubongo. Chifukwa chake muyenera kugona pabedi kwa ola limodzi ndikukhala chete momwe mungathere . Nthawi zina mungalangizidwe kuti musatembenuze mutu wanu kumbali.

Kenako, nthawi zambiri patatha ola limodzi mpaka asanu ndi limodzi , dokotalayo amayamba kusanthula msana wanu ndi mutu wanu. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito kamera yapadera (`Gamma Camera`) yomwe imatha kuzindikira komwe kuli zinthu zowononga ma radiation. Zithunzi izi zitha kukhala kuchokera ku `CT scan (Computed Tomography)` kapena `MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging`). Izi ndi zomwe zimasonyeza bwino madzi a `CSF` akuyenda kudzera mmenemo.

Mukamaliza kujambulidwa koyamba, mutha kupita kunyumba. Komabe, nthawi zambiri muyenera kubwerera kuchipatala patatha maola 24 kuti mukajambulidwenso . Izi zili choncho chifukwa zimatenga pafupifupi tsiku limodzi kuti zinthu zotulutsa ma radioactive zifalikire muubongo wonse (ma ventricles ndi ma tanki). Anthu ena akhoza kujambulidwanso patatha maola 48 kapena 72. Dokotala wanu adzasankha. Koma musadandaule, simudzafunika kupunthwa lumbar musanajambulidwe . Zichitika tsiku loyamba lokha.

Kodi zimapweteka mukachita izi?

Funso lalikulu komanso mantha omwe anthu ambiri amakhala nawo ndi akuti "Kodi zidzapweteka?". Kunena zoona, mankhwala oletsa ululu akalowetsedwa msana mwanu , angamve ngati kutentha pang'ono, kapena ngati kuluma kwa nyerere, kwa masekondi angapo . Pambuyo pake, malowo adzazizira, kotero singano ikalowetsedwa mu lumbar puncture , mudzamva kupanikizika pang'ono, koma palibe ululu weniweni.Anthu ena sangamve kalikonse.

Palibe ululu uliwonse panthawi yojambula. Muyenera kungogona chete pabedi la chojambulira.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mayeso ena aliwonse azachipatala, pali zotsatirapo zina zazing'ono zomwe zingachitike mutatenga sistenogram. Komabe, sizowopsa kwenikweni. Zotsatirapo zofala kwambiri ndi izi:

• Pakhoza kukhala kupweteka pang'ono kapena mabala pamalo obayira jakisoni (kumbuyo) kwa masiku angapo.
• Mutu . Makamaka ngati CSF pang'ono ikutuluka kuchokera pamalo omwe lumbar puncture inachitikira (izi zimatchedwa post-lumbar puncture headache kapena spinal headache), kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa mutu kungachepe pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mutu ukhale wovuta kwambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachepa mukagona ndipo zimawonjezeka mukayimirira kapena kuyimirira. Musadandaule, izi ndi zakanthawi . Zidzatha zokha mkati mwa maola kapena masiku angapo ngati mumwa madzi ambiri ndikupuma. Ngati simungathe kupirira, uzani dokotala wanu, pali mankhwala ake.

Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?

Mavuto aakulu pambuyo pa kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi osowa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sachitika kawirikawiri . Komabe, ndi bwino kudziwa ngakhale zoopsa zazing'ono zomwe zingachitike. Pamenepo sipadzakhala mantha osafunikira.

• Matenda a ziwengo (monga kuyabwa, ziphuphu) angachitike pa zinthu zotulutsa ma radioactive kapena mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Komabe, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.
• Kawirikawiri, vuto lotchedwa `Brainstem Herniation` (kutanthauza kuti minofu ya ubongo imatuluka chifukwa cha kupanikizika mkati mwa mutu) limatha kuchitika chifukwa cha vuto la kupanikizika kwa ubongo. Madokotala akuda nkhawa ndi izi.
• Kutuluka magazi mu ubongo kapena msana kuchokera pamalo pomwe singano inalowetsedwa kungachitike. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi ayenera kusamala nacho.
• Matenda amatha kulowa m'dera lomwe singano inalowetsedwa. Njira yabwino yopewera izi ndi kuyeretsa bwino.
• Kawirikawiri , kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa mitsempha kumachitika.

Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owopsa, kotero mumakumana ndi mphamvu zochepa za kuwala . Koma ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri, wofanana ndi wa X-rays zingapo nthawi zonse . Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali n'chochepa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amayi apakati amalangizidwa kuti asamachite izi.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zotsatira zake zibwere? Kodi amati chiyani?

Mukamaliza kujambula komaliza, dokotala waluso (`Radiologist` kapena `Nuclear Medicine Doctor`) adzayang'ana mosamala zithunzizo ndikulemba lipoti. Izi zitha kutenga masiku angapo kapena sabata . Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yomwe muyenera kubwera kudzatenga zotsatira.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe zotsatira izi zikunena.

Ngati zotsatira zabwinobwino...

Tangoganizirani kuti zotsatira zanu za cistenogram zabwera ngati "Zachizolowezi". Nkhani yabwino kwambiri! Zikutanthauza kuti madzi anu a "CSF" akuyenda bwino, pa liwiro loyenera, kudzera mu ubongo wanu ndi msana . Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe kutuluka kwa "CSF", palibe kutsekeka, komanso palibe kutsekeka.

Kodi zotsatira zachilendo zingakhale zotani?

Tsopano, ngati zotsatira zake zikubwera ngati "Zachilendo," zimathandiza dokotala wanu kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa zizindikiro zanu. Zotsatira zachilendo zitha kusonyeza chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Kutuluka kwa CSF: Ngati scan ikuwonetsa zinthu zotulutsa ma radioactive zomwe zikutuluka mu CSF system, imatchedwa CSF leak. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambuyo pa kuvulala kwa ubongo (TBI), kusweka kwa chigaza, kapena kuwonongeka kwa chivundikiro chakunja cha msana (chotchedwa dura mater). Zingachitikenso kawirikawiri pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya ubongo kapena njira zina zamankhwala, monga kubowola lumbar.
• Mavuto a CSF shunts: Chubu chaching'ono (shunt) chimayikidwa mkati mwa ubongo kuti chitulutse madzi a CSF kupita kwina ngati chithandizo cha hydrocephalus (madzi muubongo). Ngati shunt sikugwira ntchito bwino, monga ngati yatsekedwa kapena ili ndi mavuto ena, scan iyi ingathenso kuzindikira zimenezo.
• Hydrocephalus: Apa ndi pamene madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo (CSF) amasonkhana m'mitsempha ya ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikule ndikuyika mphamvu pa ubongo. Timangotcha "hydrocephalus." Izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa poyang'ana momwe CSF imayendera pa cistenogram.
• `Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH): Pankhaniyi, madzi a `CSF` amasonkhananso m'mabowo a ubongo, mabowo amakula, koma kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa ubongo sikukwera kwambiri monga momwe kunanenedwera. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ndi "Normal-Pressure". Matendawa amapezeka mwa okalamba. Zizindikiro monga kuvutika kuyenda, kuvutika kulamulira mkodzo, komanso kulephera kukumbukira zimatha kuchitika.
• `Pseudotumor Cerebri`: Anthu ena amatchanso izi kuti ndi `bodza la ubongo`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pali kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa ubongo popanda chotupa chenicheni, ndipo popanda chifukwa chomveka. Madokotala amatchanso izi kuti `Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension`. Pankhaniyi, komanso, cistenogram ingapereke lingaliro la kayendedwe ka `CSF`.

Choncho, dokotala wanu adzatenga zotsatira izi, zizindikiro zanu, ndi malipoti ena oyesa pamodzi kuti adziwe momwe mulili komanso zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa pa vutoli.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane mfundo zofunika kwambiri kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• Kujambula kwa cisternegram ndi mayeso apadera omwe amaona kuyenda kwa madzi ofunikira otchedwa `CSF` (cerebrospinal fluid) mu ubongo wathu ndi msana, komanso ngati pali kutuluka kulikonse kapena kutsekeka kulikonse.
• Ngati dokotala akukuuzani kuti muchite izi, mwina chifukwa akukayikira kuti CSF yatuluka kapena madzi amadzimadzi achuluka. Mungakhale ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zimenezo.
• Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kubowoledwa kwa lumbar (singano yolowetsedwa mumsana) kutsatiridwa ndi kusanthula kangapo kwa tsiku limodzi kapena angapo.
• Ngakhale kuti kusapeza bwino ndi zotsatirapo zake zingakhalepo pang'ono, zoopsa zazikulu zimakhala zochepa kwambiri.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena, nkhawa, kapena kukayikira za mayesowa, musabise chilichonse, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu. Adzakufotokozerani zonse.

Ngati mukufuna kuyesedwa ngati kumeneku, ndikukufunirani kuti muchire mwachangu!

Cisternogram , Cisternogram Scan, CSF, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Mayeso a Ubongo, Msana, Mitsempha