Kodi mumamvanso kuyabwa, ziphuphu, ndi maso ofiira, odzaza ndi madzi mukakhudza fumbi, kutuluka kunja kuzizira, kapena kudya china chake? Kodi nthawi zina mumavutika kupuma? Nthawi zambiri timatcha izi kuti 'allergy'. Kotero lero tikambirana za m'modzi mwa anthu akuluakulu omwe ali kumbuyo kwa allergy iyi. Iye ndi histamine. Mwina mudamvapo dzinali kuchokera kwa dokotala kapena kuchokera ku dzina la mankhwala omwe mumamwa chifukwa cha allergy yanu. Tiyeni tiwone kuti histamine ndi chiyani komanso momwe imakhudzira thupi.
Mwachidule, kodi histamine iyi ndi ndani?
Taganizirani za thupi lathu ngati dziko lotetezedwa bwino. Ngakhale wolowa m'dziko lina atalowa m'dziko lino, ngakhale chinthu chomwe sichingavulaze thupi lathu (monga fumbi, duwa, kapena chakudya monga nkhanu), chitetezo chathu (chitetezo cha mthupi) nthawi zina chimachiwona ngati mdani.
Panthawiyo, maselo omwe ali mu chitetezo chathu chamthupi amatulutsa mankhwala kuti alankhule ndi maselo ena , kuti asinthane mauthenga. Zili ngati uthenga wochenjeza kuti, "Apa pakubwera mdani, chitanipo kanthu mwachangu!" Mtumiki ameneyo amatchedwa histamine.
Mankhwala otchedwa histamine amasungidwa m'matupi athu makamaka m'mitundu iwiri ya maselo.
1. Maselo a Mast: Awa ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera a magazi omwe amapezeka m'mitsempha yolumikizana m'thupi lathu lonse. Amapezeka kwambiri pansi pa khungu, pafupi ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha ya lymph, m'mitsempha, m'mapapo, ndi m'matumbo.
2. Ma Basophil: Uwu ndi mtundu wina wa maselo oyera omwe amapezeka m'magazi.
Pamene chinthu choopsa chikhudza thupi, maselo amenewa amatulutsa histamine, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za ziwengo. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikirozi zimakhala mbali imodzi ya thupi, koma nthawi zina izi zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri . Timazitcha kuti anaphylaxis . Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zomwe zimakhudza thupi lonse ndipo zimatha kupha anthu.
Kodi histamine imagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi? Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani za ma receptor?
Histamine si munthu woipa chabe amene amayambitsa ziwengo. Imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika kwambiri m'thupi. Zimene histamine imachita m'thupi zimadalira cholandirira chomwe chimamangirira. Monga momwe kiyi yomweyo ingatsegule zitseko zingapo, chipinda chomwe mumalowa chidzasiyana kutengera chitseko chomwe mumatsegula. Asayansi apeza mitundu inayi ya zolandirira histamine.
Tiyeni tiwone izi kuti timvetse bwino.
| Mtundu wa Cholandirira | Malo akuluakulu | Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani ikayambitsidwa? |
|---|---|---|
| Wolandila H1 | Mthupi lonse, makamaka m'maselo a mitsempha, njira yopumira, ndi maselo a minofu yosalala m'mitsempha yamagazi. |
|
| Wolandila H2 | Makamaka m'maselo opanga asidi m'mimba, maselo osalala a minofu, ndi maselo a mtima. | |
| Wolandila H3 | Mu maselo a mitsempha ya dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha (ubongo). | |
| Wolandila H4 | Mu mafupa ndi maselo osakhwima omwe amakhala maselo a magazi. |
Kodi mukumvetsa? Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale timaganiza kuti ndi vuto la ziwengo, histamine imagwira ntchito mobisa m'zinthu zambiri m'thupi lathu, monga kugona, kukumbukira, kuphunzira, ndi kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi.
Kodi matenda akuluakulu omwe angagwirizane ndi histamine ndi ati?
Matenda a ziwengo amayamba chifukwa cha ntchito ya messenger histamine. Nazi zitsanzo zina:
- Matenda a atopic dermatitis (omwe amadziwikanso kuti eczema): Matenda omwe amachititsa kuti khungu likhale louma, lofiira, lokhala ndi ziphuphu, komanso loyabwa kwambiri, lomwe nthawi zambiri limatchedwa 'eczema'.
- Matenda a khungu otchedwa Contact dermatitis: Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zinazake zomwe zakhudzana ndi khungu. Mwachitsanzo, fungo lopangidwa ndi zinthu zina, zitsulo zina (monga nickel), ndi zinthu zotetezera.
- Matenda a allergic rhinitis (omwe amadziwikanso kuti hay fever): Imeneyi ndi vuto lofala lomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nalo. Limayamba chifukwa cha zinthu monga fumbi, mungu, dander ya ziweto, ndi nthata za fumbi, zomwe zimayambitsa mphuno yotuluka madzi, mphuno yotuluka madzi, komanso mphuno yodzaza.
- Mphumu ya ziwengo: Zomwe zimayambitsa zomwezi monga momwe zilili pamwambapa, koma apa njira zopumira zimakhala zochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta komanso kupuma movutikira.
- Matenda a maso otchedwa allergic conjunctivitis: Matenda omwe maso amatupa, kufiira, kuyabwa, komanso kukhala ndi madzi chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.
Kodi Kusalolera kwa Histamine ndi Chiyani?
Izi ndi zosiyana pang'ono. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa histamine m'thupi lathu kumakhala kokwera kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa thupi silingathe kugawa histamine moyenera. Izi zikachitika, zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuchitika.
- Mutu kapena migraine
- Kutsekeka kwa mphuno
- Kutopa nthawi zonse
- Ziphuphu
- Mavuto a m'mimba
- Kusamba kosakhazikika kwa akazi
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala ndikukambirana za izi.
Ndiye kodi mumatha bwanji kulamulira histamine iyi?
Pali njira zingapo zomwe madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti achepetse kusasangalala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha histamine. Izi ndi zomwe zimabwera m'maganizo mukamva mawu akuti mankhwala a ziwengo.
- Mankhwala oletsa kutupa a H1: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe timawadziwa bwino kuti 'mapiritsi a ziwengo'. Amagwira ntchito poletsa ma H1 receptors omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Izi zimaletsa histamine kuti isamamatire ku ma receptor amenewo ndikuyambitsa kuyabwa ndi ming'oma. Izi zimabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mapiritsi, madzi a m'madzi, mafuta odzola, ndi madontho a m'maso. Ena mwa iwo angatengedwe popanda chilolezo cha dokotala, koma ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu mankhwala omwe ndi abwino kwa inu.
- Mankhwala oletsa kutsekula m'mimba otchedwa H2: Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa matenda am'mimba. Amaperekedwa pa matenda monga gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), komanso kusagaya bwino chakudya (dyspepsia). Amagwira ntchito potseka ma H2 receptors m'mimba omwe amapanga asidi.
- Corticosteroids: Timatcha izi kuti 'steroids'. Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha histamine. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ambiri opumira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa mphumu amakhala ndi mankhwala a steroid awa.
- Jakisoni wa Epinephrine: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Jakisoniyu amaperekedwa ngati chithandizo chadzidzidzi pazochitika zomwe zingawononge moyo, monga vuto lalikulu la ziwengo, kapena anaphylaxis. Imatsegula mwachangu njira zopumira ndikubwezeretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Kafukufuku wina wapeza kuti mavitamini ena, monga vitamini C, mkuwa, ndi vitamini B6, angathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa histamine m'thupi. Komabe, musamwe chilichonse mwa zowonjezerazi musanalankhule ndi dokotala wanu kaye.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ngati muli ndi ziwengo za nyengo kapena mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za ziwengo za chinthu china chake, makamaka ngati zikusokoneza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita mayeso kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo zanu ndikukupatsani chithandizo chabwino kwambiri. Komanso, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zilizonse za kusalolera histamine zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa.
Ngakhale kuti histamine ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lathu lizigwira ntchito bwino, nthawi zina ikayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri, imatibweretsera mavuto ambiri. Chifukwa chake, palibe chifukwa chovutikira chotere. Matendawa amatha kuthetsedwa bwino pofunafuna upangiri woyenera wa dokotala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Histamine ndi mankhwala achilengedwe omwe amatulutsidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi chathu.
- Histamine ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha zizindikiro zambiri za ziwengo, monga kuyabwa, kutsekereza, ndi kutsekeka kwa mphuno.
- Histamine imamangirira ku ma receptors otchedwa H1, H2, H3, ndi H4 omwe ali m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi ndipo imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
- Mankhwala monga antihistamines amatha kuletsa ntchito ya histamine ndikuletsa zizindikiro za ziwengo.
- Ngati zizindikiro zanu za ziwengo zili zazikulu kapena zikusokoneza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri woyenera komanso chithandizo choyenera.
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