Kodi mumatopa mwadzidzidzi, kunenepa mwadzidzidzi, komanso nthawi zina kusokonezeka? Nthawi zambiri timaiwala zinthuzi, poganiza kuti ndi zachilendo. Koma nthawi zina pangakhale chifukwa chomwe simungaganizirepo. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za gawo laling'ono koma lofunika kwambiri la thupi lathu, ma adrenal glands, ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zimenezi.
Kodi ma adrenal glands awa ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, ma adrenal glands ndi ma glands awiri ooneka ngati katatu omwe ali pamwamba pa impso zathu, ngati zipewa ziwiri zazing'ono. Ngakhale kuti ndi ang'onoang'ono, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, amapanga mahomoni omwe amathandiza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino m'thupi lathu.
Taganizirani izi motere: thupi lathu lili ngati injini yovuta. Kuti injini iyi igwire ntchito bwino, imafunika kukhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokwanira. Mofananamo, mahomoni amenewa amathandiza kulamulira kagayidwe kathu ka thupi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, chitetezo chamthupi, komanso momwe timathanirana ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mahomoni opangidwa ndi tiziwalo timeneti:
- Cortisol: Homoni yofunika kwambiri yomwe imatithandiza kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
- Adrenaline: Homoni yomwe imakonzekeretsa thupi lathu ku zadzidzidzi.
- Aldosterone: Homoni yomwe imayang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi athu komanso kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi madzi m'thupi.
Matenda okhudzana ndi adrenal gland amapezeka pamene mahomoni awa amapangidwa mopitirira muyeso kapena moperewera .
Kodi matenda ofala kwambiri a adrenal gland ndi ati?
Pali zingapo mwa zinthuzi. Tiyeni timvetse bwino mfundo zazikulu. Kuti timvetse mosavuta, ndiziyika patebulo .
| Mkhalidwe | Mwachidule, izi ndi zomwe zimachitika. |
|---|---|
| Matenda a Addison | Thupi silipanga mahomoni okwanira a cortisol ndi/kapena aldosterone. |
| Matenda a Cushing | Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa cortisol m'thupi. |
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) | Kusowa kapena kusowa kwa ma enzyme ofunikira kuti apange mahomoni. |
| Hyperaldosteronism | Kupanga kwambiri kwa aldosterone m'thupi. |
| Kusinthasintha kwa thupi | Kupanga mahomoni ogonana a amuna mopitirira muyeso m'thupi. Izi zimawonekera bwino mwa akazi ndi anyamata omwe sanakwanitse zaka zobadwa kumene. |
Kuphatikiza apo, matenda amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha zotupa m'matenda a adrenal. Koma musadandaule, zotupa zambirizi sizikhala ndi khansa (zoipa). Komabe, nthawi zina, khansa (adrenocortical carcinoma) imathanso kuchitika.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda amenewa ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zimadalira mahomoni omwe ali otsika kapena okwera. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumasintha.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa cortisol kwakwera (monga matenda a Cushing)
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kukula kwa thupi lapamwamba | Nkhope, khosi, ndi mimba zimakula pamene manja ndi miyendo zimakhala zoonda. |
| Kutopa kwambiri | Kumva kutopa kwambiri ngakhale osachita chilichonse. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga | Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga wambiri. |
| Kusintha kwa khungu | Khungu limachepa, kuvulala kosavuta ngakhale pang'ono. Mabala otambalala otambalala amitundu yosiyanasiyana amaonekera pamimba. |
Ngati kuchuluka kwa aldosterone kuli kokwera
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi (Hypokalemia)
- Kumva kufooka m'thupi
- Kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kwa minofu (kugwedezeka kwa minofu)
Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a amuna kumawonjezeka (mwa akazi)
Ngati vutoli lichitika mwa akazi kapena anyamata asanabadwe, makhalidwe a amuna amayamba kuonekera.
- Kukula kwa tsitsi pankhope
- Kutaya tsitsi (tsitsi)
- Kupangika kwa ziphuphu
- Kuzama kwa mawu (kukhala ngati mawu a mwamuna)
- Kukula kwa minofu
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikirozi zitha kuwonekanso m'matenda ena. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kwa dokotala kuti akupatseni matenda oyenera.
N’chifukwa chiyani matenda amenewa amapezeka?
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi.
- Kupanga mahomoni mopitirira muyeso kapena kosakwanira ndi ma adrenal glands okha.
- Vuto ndi chiwalo china, monga chiwalo cha pituitary muubongo wathu, lingakhudze momwe ma adrenal glands amagwirira ntchito.
- Mankhwala ena omwe timamwa (monga mankhwala a steroid) angayambitse kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.
- Nthawi zina zinthu zimenezi zingachitikenso chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini .
Kawirikawiri, ngakhale madokotala sanganene chifukwa chenicheni chomwe anthu ena amapezera matendawa pomwe ena satero.
Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji ndipo amachiritsidwa bwanji?
Mukapita kwa dokotala, choyamba adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani thupi. Kenako, adzakulamulani mayeso angapo kuti aone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi, mkodzo, ndi malovu anu.
Ngati pali kukayikira kuti pali zotupa, ma scan monga CT scan (Computed Tomography) kapena MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri, mutha kutumizidwa kwa endocrinologist.
Njira zochiritsira zimadalira vuto lanu. Matenda ena angafunike mankhwala kuti akonze kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Ngati pali zotupa , opaleshoni kapena chithandizo cha radiation chingafunike.
Chabwino n’chakuti, ngati matenda ambiriwa apezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino , angathe kuthandizidwa bwino ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Kaya mwapezeka ndi matenda a adrenal gland kapena ayi, dziwani zizindikiro zotsatirazi. Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa izi, pitani kwa dokotala.
| Dziwani zizindikiro izi. |
|---|
| Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa. |
| Makamaka gawo lapamwamba la thupi limakhala lalikulu. |
| Kumva kutopa kwambiri moti sindingathe kumaliza ntchito ya tsiku lonse. |
| Kukhala ndi ululu wosatha kapena woopsa. |
| Kusintha kwa khungu (kutupa mosavuta, zizindikiro zotambasula). |
| Kusintha kosazolowereka pakukula kwa tsitsi m'thupi. |
Kodi muyenera kupita ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) liti?
Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa kuchepa kwa cortisol, monga matenda a Addison, mutha kukhala ndi vuto lomwe lingayambitse imfa lotchedwa adrenal crisis . Apa ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa cortisol m'thupi kumatsika mwadzidzidzi moopsa.
Ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonekera, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi mwamsanga.
| Zadzidzidzi! (Zizindikiro Zadzidzidzi) |
|---|
| Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi, kwakukulu m'thupi la pansi (m'mimba, msana, miyendo). |
| Kusanza kwambiri ndi kutsegula m'mimba. |
| Kumva kufooka kwambiri. |
| Kusokonezeka ndi kutaya chidziwitso (chisokonezo). |
| Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi (Hypoglycemia). |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika kwambiri. |
Ngati muli ndi vuto la adrenal insufficiency, funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala a glucocorticoid omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakagwa ngozi. Ndikofunikira kuti inu ndi banja lanu mudziwe momwe mungamwere.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ma adrenal glands ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimathandiza kusunga mahomoni m'thupi lathu.
- Kaya mahomoni m'matendawa akuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa, zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuchitika.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zokayikitsa, musaganize ndipo ndithudi pitani kwa dokotala.
- Matenda ambiriwa amatha kuthetsedwa bwino ngati atapezeka msanga komanso atalandira chithandizo choyenera.
- Ngati zizindikiro zadzidzidzi zabuka (monga vuto la adrenal), pitani ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
- Dziwani bwino za matenda anu. Musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso.
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