Tiyeni tiphunzire za Kukonza Valavu ya Aortic.

Ganizirani mtima wanu ngati nyumba yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi. Pali zitseko pakati pa zipindazi zomwe zimalola magazi kuyenda mozungulira. Chimodzi mwa 'chitseko' chofunikira kwambiri mumtima ndi Aortic Valve. Ichi ndi chipata chomwe chimayang'anira kuyenda kwa magazi kuchokera mumtima kupita ku mtsempha waukulu (Aorta) womwe umanyamula magazi kupita ku thupi lonse. Chipata ichi chimatseguka ndi kutseka nthawi iliyonse ya kugunda kwa mtima. Ndiye tangoganizirani, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati china chake chawonongeka pachipata ichi? Pamenepo ndiye mavuto amayamba.

Mwachidule, kodi kukonza Aortic Valve ndi chiyani?

Kukonza valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi ndi mtundu wa opaleshoni ya mtima yomwe imaphatikizapo kukonza cholakwika chomwe chili pachipata chachikulu cha mtima, valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi, chomwe takambirana pamwambapa, ndikuchibwezeretsa kuti chigwire ntchito bwino.

Tangoganizirani ngati simunathe kutseka chitseko m'nyumba mwanu bwino. Mofananamo, valavu ya aortic ya anthu ena siitseka bwino ndipo magazi amayamba kutuluka (aortic regurgitation) . Izi zimatchedwa aortic regurgitation mu sayansi ya zamankhwala. Izi zikachitika, magazi ena omwe ayenera kuchoka pamtima kupita ku thupi amatulukanso mumtima. Kenako mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upope magazi ambiri omwe thupi lonse limafuna. Izi zikachitika pakapita nthawi, mtima ukhoza kuwonongeka. Ndicho chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi aortic regurgitation yoopsa komanso omwe ali ndi zizindikiro amafunika kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti akonze kapena kusintha valavu iyi.

Kawirikawiri, madokotala amasintha valavu iyi ndi yatsopano. Komabe, odwala ena amatha kukonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito valavu yawoyawo. Izi sizingatheke kwa aliyense. Madokotala opaleshoni amaganizira zinthu zambiri akamasankha munthu woti achite opaleshoniyi. Dokotalayo adzasankha ngati kuli bwino kuti mukonze valavuyo kapena kuyika yatsopano, kutengera zinthu zambiri, monga mawonekedwe a valavu yanu komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani musanachite opaleshoni?

Pokonzekera opaleshoni, chofunika kwambiri ndikuchita mayeso pasadakhale. Dokotala ayenera kudziwa bwino ngati valavu yanu ya aortic ingakonzedwedi. Ngati ziwalo za valavu zawonongeka kwambiri, kungakhale bwino kuyika valavu yatsopano m'malo moikonza.

Kuyesa kwakukulu kwa izi ndi Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) . Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyika chubu chaching'ono chokhala ndi kamera pakhosi panu kuti mujambule zithunzi zomveka bwino komanso zapafupi za mtima wanu. Izi zimathandiza dokotala wanu kuwona bwino momwe valavu ndi ziwalo zina za mtima wanu zilili.

Kuwonjezera pa mayeso a TEE awa, muyeneranso kuchita mayeso ena angapo.

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo omveka bwino a momwe mungakonzekere opaleshoni. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo amenewo molondola. Ngati pali chilichonse chomwe simukumvetsa, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu kapena namwino. Malangizo amenewo angaphatikizepo zinthu monga:

• Nthawi yoti musiye kudya ndi kumwa musanachite opaleshoni.
• Kaya muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe mumamwa nthawi zambiri.
• Nthawi yoti tibwere kuchipatala kuti tikachite opaleshoni yatha.
• Zoyenera kubweretsa kuchipatala ndi zoti musiye kunyumba.

Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?

Opaleshoni yokonza ma valve a mtsempha wamagazi nthawi zambiri imachitika ngati opaleshoni yotsegula mtima . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, opaleshoni imachitika kudzera mu kudula kwakukulu kamodzi pakati pa chifuwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, opaleshoni imachitika kudzera mu kudula pang'ono (opaleshoni yocheperako).Izi zitha kuchitikanso mwanjira ina. Opaleshoniyi imachitika poduladula pang'ono pachifuwa. Dokotala wa opaleshoniyo adzakuuzani njira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.

Izi ndi njira zomwe opaleshoniyi imachitika nthawi zambiri:

1. Mankhwala Oletsa Kugona: Choyamba, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oti akugonetseni tulo tofa nato. Choncho simudzamva chilichonse kapena kupweteka kulikonse panthawi ya opaleshoni.

2. Kupanga chotupa: Kenako, dokotala wa opaleshoni amadula chimodzi kapena zingapo pachifuwa kuti afike pamtima. Pa opaleshoni yotseguka, chotupacho chimadulidwa pafupifupi mainchesi 1.5 pakati pa fupa la pachifuwa ( sternum ).

3. Kulumikizana ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo: Pa opaleshoni, mudzalumikizidwa ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo kuti mugwire ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo anu. Makinawa amazungulira magazi m'thupi lanu lonse ndikuwonjezera mpweya m'magazi.

4. Kukonza ma valavu: Dokotala wa opaleshoni adzakonza valavu yanu ya mtsempha wamagazi. Njira yochitira izi imasiyana malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Zimatengera mawonekedwe a valavu yanu komanso kuwonongeka kwake. Mwachitsanzo, annuloplasty ndi njira yomwe imalimbitsa maziko a valavu (mphete) ndikulola valavu kutseka bwino. Imagwiritsanso ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, monga kusintha mawonekedwe a timapepala ta valavu ndikulumikiza zidutswa za minofu ku mabowo kapena kung'ambika.

5. Kukonza mavuto ena: Ngati pali mavuto ena okhudza mtima kapena aorta panthawiyi, mwachitsanzo, aneurysm , adzakonzedwanso panthawi ya opaleshoniyi.

6. Kumaliza opaleshoni: Akamaliza kukonza zonse zofunika, dokotala wa opaleshoni adzatseka ndi kusoka mabalawo. Kenako gulu lachipatala lidzakutengerani ku chipinda chochiritsira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku atatu kapena asanu ndi awiri. Panthawiyi, magulu azachipatala ndi anamwino adzakuyang'anirani mosamala . Adzakuyang'anirani kuti aone ngati mukuchira bwino. Adzakuthandizani kuyenda pang'onopang'ono ndi kuyenda.

Musanapite kunyumba, mudzauzidwa za mapulogalamu ochiritsira matenda a mtima . Izi zidzakuthandizani kwambiri pakuchira kwanu.

Kodi ubwino wa opaleshoniyi ndi wotani?

Ubwino waukulu wa opaleshoni yokonza ma valve a aorta ndikuti mumakhala ndi valavu yanu yachilengedwe. Izi zingakuthandizeni kupewa zoopsa zina zokhudzana ndi kukhala ndi valavu yatsopano. Makamaka, zingakuthandizeni kupewa kufunikira komwa mankhwala oletsa magazi m'thupi lanu lonse. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zambiri za ubwino wa opaleshoniyi, kutengera momwe mulili.

Kodi zoopsa za opaleshoni ndi ziti?

Vuto lalikulu lomwe lingachitike ndikufunika opaleshoni yowonjezera . Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe izi zingachitikire:

• Magazi akutuluka kuchokera mu valavu ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni ( kubwerezabwereza kwa aorta ).
• Matenda a valavu ( endocarditis ).
• Zigawo zina za valavu yokonzedwa sizikugwira ntchito monga momwe zimayembekezeredwa.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, palinso zoopsa zingapo zomwe zingachitike pa opaleshoni iliyonse ya aortic valve:

• Kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka ( arrhythmia )
• Kutupa kwa mankhwala oletsa ululu
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri
• Matenda amtima
• Kulephera kwa mtima
• Stroke

Chiwopsezo cha aliyense chimasiyana. Dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsani za zoopsa zanu musanachite opaleshoni. Ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse bwino mavuto onse omwe angakhalepo komanso momwe angakukhudzireni. Onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa ngati pali chilichonse chomwe simukumvetsa. Anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto aakulu azaumoyo asanachite opaleshoni (monga kulephera kwakukulu kwa mtima) akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu pang'ono.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?

Zidzakutengerani milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi itatu kuti muchire bwino kuchokera ku opaleshoni. Ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri, nthawi yanu yochira ingakhale yochepa.

Ndizachibadwa kumva kutopa kwa milungu ingapo mutachita opaleshoni. Ndikofunikira kupuma . Musamagwire ntchito yambiri nthawi imodzi. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yomwe kuli kotetezeka kuti muyambirenso kuchita zinthu zachizolowezi (monga kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kupita kuntchito). Kutenga nawo mbali mu mapulogalamu obwezeretsa mtima kungakuthandizeninso kuzolowera moyo wathanzi ndikukhalanso ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo!

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zilizonse za mavuto mutapita kunyumba kuchokera ku opaleshoni. Dziwani bwino zizindikiro izi:

Zinthu zina zofunika kudziwa

Opaleshoni yokonza ma valve a m'mitsempha yamagazi imachitika kawirikawiri kuposa opaleshoni yosintha ma valve a m'mitsempha yamagazi. Ndipotu, ma opaleshoni ochepera 5% a ma valve a m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi okonzanso. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi chakuti ndi opaleshoni yapadera komanso yovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, opaleshoni iyi sichitika m'zipatala zonse kapena ndi dokotala aliyense.

Opaleshoni iyi imachiza vuto lotchedwa aortic regurgitation (valvu yotuluka madzi) . Nthawi zina, kusintha mizu ya aortic pogwiritsa ntchito valavuKukonza ma valavu kumeneku kumachitikanso ngati gawo la opaleshoni yotchedwa aortic aneurysm repair. Izi zimaphatikizapo kukonza ndikusunga valavu yanu pomwe mukuchiza kutupa (aneurysm) m'gawo lalikulu la aorta lomwe limalumikizana ndi mtima wanu.

Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha komanso mantha chifukwa iyi ndi opaleshoni yayikulu. Koma kumbukirani, opaleshoni iyi ikachitidwa ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito, mtima wanu udzalandira chisamaliro chomwe umafunika kuti ugwire ntchito bwino komanso mwamphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali. Pamene mukukonzekera opaleshoni, kambiranani mafunso ndi nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo ndi gulu lanu lachipatala. Adzakufotokozerani zonse.