Kodi muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's? Dziwani zambiri za mayeso a majini a APOE

Kodi pali aliyense m'banja mwanu, mwina agogo kapena agogo, amene wakhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer? Zimenezi zikachitika, n'zachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha pang'ono m'maganizo mwanu, "O, kodi inenso ndingatenge matendawa?" Pamenepo ndiye pamene mayeso a majini a APOE awa akuwonekera. Kodi anganenedi za tsogolo lathu? Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mosavuta komanso momveka bwino.

Kodi mayeso a majini a APOE awa ndi otani?

Mwachidule, mayeso a majini a APOE ndi mayeso a majini omwe amayang'ana mtundu wa majini otchedwa apolipoprotein E. Ngati muli ndi mitundu ina ya majini awa, mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Alzheimer's kuposa ena .

Koma chofunika kwambiri apa ndi ichi. Kungoti muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu sikutanthauza kuti mudzadwala ndithu. Tangoganizirani kuti pali mitambo yakuda kumwamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali mwayi wa mvula, koma sizikutanthauza kuti mvula idzagwa ndithu. Umu ndi momwe zilili. Thanzi lathu limakhudzidwa osati ndi majini athu okha, komanso ndi zinthu zina zambiri, monga zomwe timadya, kaya timachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso moyo wathu.

Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetse zotsatira za mayesowa.

Chabwino, kodi jini ya APOE iyi ndi chiyani?

Jini ya APOE imauza maselo a thupi lathu kuti apange puloteni yapadera yotchedwa apolipoprotein E. Puloteni iyi imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Imaphatikizana ndi mafuta (lipids) m'thupi lathu ndipo imanyamula zinthu monga cholesterol kupita komwe ziyenera kukhala m'magazi, monga taxi. Timatcha izi kuti lipoprotein.

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu, kapena ma alleles, a jini ya APOE m'matupi athu.

Tonsefe timalandira makope awiri a jini iyi, imodzi kuchokera kwa amayi athu ndi ina kuchokera kwa abambo athu. Kotero mutha kukhala ndi kuphatikiza kwa mitundu iwiri iliyonse mwa itatuyi (monga e3/e3, e3/e4, e2/e4).

Ndi majini ati mwa awa omwe amagwirizana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's?

Choyamba, palibe jini yomwe yapezeka kuti imayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's mwachindunji . Komabe, kafukufuku wapeza kuti kukhala ndi kopi imodzi yokha ya mtundu wa jini wa APOE-e4 kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda a Alzheimer's.

• APOE-e4: Anthu omwe ali ndi kopi imodzi kapena ziwiri za majini awa ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a Alzheimer's omwe amayamba mochedwa, omwe amayamba atakwanitsa zaka 65.
• APOE-e2: Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino pang'ono. Mtundu wa majini uwu ukhoza kupereka chitetezo ku matenda a Alzheimer's. Ngakhale munthu amene ali ndi jini iyi atadwala matendawa, nthawi zambiri zimachitika mochedwa kwambiri kuposa munthu amene ali ndi APOE-e4.

Kodi mumayesa bwanji mayesowa? Ndani amachita?

Iyi si mayeso omwe mumakakamizidwa kuchita. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimachitika mwakufuna kwanu. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a Alzheimer m'banja mwanu, mungakhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa za izi. Pankhaniyi, mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri za izi.

Mayesowa ndi osavuta kwambiri:

1. Kutenga chitsanzo cha DNA: Dokotala adzatenga chitsanzo cha DNA kuchokera kwa inu. Izi zitha kuchitika potenga magazi pang'ono kapena popaka mkati mwa pakamwa panu kapena tsaya lanu ndi swab yaying'ono.

2. Kutumiza ku labotale: Chitsanzochi chimatumizidwa ku labotale yapadera kuti chikayesedwe.

3. Kupereka zotsatira: Labu imayesa DNA yanu ndikutumiza zotsatira zake kwa dokotala wanu.

4. Kukambirana za zotsatira: Kenako, dokotala wanu kapena mlangizi wa majini adzakulankhulani ndikukufotokozerani tanthauzo la zotsatira izi.

Masiku ano pali mayeso a majini kunyumba m'maiko ena. Komabe, ngakhale mutapeza zotsatira kuchokera ku mayesowa, ndikofunikirabe kulankhula ndi dokotala wa banja lanu kuti mumvetse bwino tsatanetsatane wake.

Kodi tikuphunzira chiyani kuchokera ku zotsatira zake?

Zotsatira za mayeso zimakuuzani mitundu (ma alleles) a jini ya APOE yomwe muli nayo.

Kodi APOE4 positive imatanthauza chiyani?

"APOE4 positive" zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi kopi imodzi ya jini ya APOE-e4 mu DNA yanu.

Kodi chiopsezo chotenga matenda a Alzheimer's ndi chiyani ngati muli ndi APOE4?

Pakati pa 15% ndi 25% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi ali ndi kopi imodzi ya jini ya APOE-e4. Pakati pa 2% ndi 5% ali ndi makope onse awiri. Kukhala ndi kopi imodzi kungapangitse kuti pakhale chiopsezo chotenga matenda a Alzheimer's.

Koma, ndikubwerezanso, iyi si mayeso otsimikizira kukhalapo kwa matenda, koma amangokuuzani za chiopsezo chake.

Ngati zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti chiopsezocho chili chachikulu, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti muchite zinthu monga:

• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amakupangitsani thukuta masiku angapo pa sabata.
• Gonani bwino: Gonani maola osachepera 7-8 patsiku.
• Kukhala ndi anthu: kukhala ndi nthawi ndi abwenzi ndi achibale, kutenga nawo mbali pa zochitika zachisangalalo.
• Kuvuta ubongo: Zinthu monga kuthetsa ma puzzle, kuwerenga mabuku, kuphunzira chilankhulo chatsopano kapena chida choimbira.

Kodi kudziwa zotsatira izi kungakhudze maganizo?

Inde, ndithudi. Tikadziwa zotsatira za mayeso a majini ngati awa, zingatikhudze m'njira zambiri. Mungamve mantha, nkhawa, kapena kukwiya. Nthawi zina, zotsatira zake sizingakupatseni yankho lomveka bwino lomwe munkayembekezera.

Kumbukirani, kaya majini anu ndi otani, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a Alzheimer's. Malangizo abwino kwambiri pa izi ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.