Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri zokhudza COVID Chibayo, chibayo chomwe chimabwera ndi COVID.

Kodi mukuda nkhawanso kuti china chake chidzachitika m'mapapo mwanu mukadwala COVID? Nthawi zina mukadwala COVID-19 ('COVID-19') imangobwera ngati malungo kapena chimfine ndipo imachira pakatha masiku ochepa, koma kwa anthu ena imatha kukhala yoopsa pang'ono. Pamenepo ndi pomwe vutoli lotchedwa 'COVID pneumonia' kapena 'COVID Pneumonia' limachitika. Tiyeni tikambirane izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse, ngati kuti mukulankhula ndi mnzanu wapamtima.

Kodi COVID Chibayo ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, chibayo cha COVID ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'mapapo mwanu. Amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kotchedwa SARS-CoV-2, komwe kamayambitsa COVID-19. Mutha kutenga COVID-19 ndikukhala ndi chibayo ngati vuto. Apa ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimalimbana ndi kachilombo ka m'mapapo mwanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapapo adzipe ndikudzaza ndi madzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma.

Mwina munamvapo za chinthu chotchedwa `(Bilateral interstitial pneumonia)`. Chibayo chokhudzana ndi Covid-19 nthawi zambiri chimapezeka m'mapapo onse awiri nthawi imodzi. Ndicho chifukwa chake chimatchedwa `(Bilateral)`. Minofu yomwe imazungulira matumba a mpweya ndi mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo imatchedwa `(Interstitial tissue). Mu vutoli, minofu iyi m'mapapo onse awiri imawonongeka. Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi mavuto a m'mapapo a `(COVID yayitali kapena PASC - pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali ya SARS CoV-2)` ngakhale atachira ku Covid.

Kodi COVID-19 imakhudza bwanji mapapo?

Covid-19 ndi matenda opuma omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka `(SARS-CoV-2)`. Kachilomboka kamalowa m'njira yanu yopumira mwachindunji ndikuwononga mapapu anu. Chifukwa chake, pamene chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chikugwira ntchito yolimbana ndi matendawa, kutupa komwe kumayambitsa kumathanso kuwononga mapapu anu. Komanso, madzi amayamba kuwunjikana m'matumba ang'onoang'ono a mpweya `(alveoli)` mkati mwa mapapu. Ndicho chomwe timachitcha chibayo.

Kodi COVID-19 ingayambitse chibayo?

Inde, n'zotheka. Kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa COVID-19 kangathe kufalikira m'mapapo mwanu ndikuyambitsa chibayo. Nthawi zina, chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chikafooka ndi COVID, mabakiteriya ena amatha kufalikira m'mapapo mwanu ndikuyambitsa chibayo. Izi zimatchedwa "superinfection." Komanso, ngati mukuvutika kupuma chifukwa cha COVID-19 ndipo mwalumikizidwa ndi "ventilator," pali chiopsezo chotenga "ventilator-associated pneumonia."

Kodi matenda a Covid chibayo ndi Covid-19 ndi matenda awiri?

Ayi, si matenda awiri. Kunena zoona, awa ndi matenda awiri osiyana a matenda omwewo. Covid-19 ndi matenda opuma omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka `(SARS-CoV-2)`. Covid pneumonia ndi vuto la Covid-19, vuto lomwe mapapu amatupa ndikudzaza ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chibayo cha Covid ndi mitundu ina ya chibayo?

Chibayo chilichonse chimapangitsa mapapo kutupa ndikudzaza ndi madzi. Komabe, kafukufuku wapeza kuti momwe kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa chibayo cha Covid, SARS-CoV-2, kamafalitsira m'mapapo ndi kosiyana pang'ono ndi chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya ena.

Taganizirani izi motere. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wina wa chibayo ndi chinthu chomwe chimafalikira mofulumira m'mapapo, ngati moto wakuthengo. Zizindikiro zimabwera mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimakula mofulumira. Koma sizimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Koma mu chibayo cha Covid, kachilomboka kamaoneka kuti kamalowa m'malo angapo m'mapapo nthawi imodzi ndikukhala komweko. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chanu chamthupi, kamayamba kufalikira kumadera ena a mapapo. Zili ngati kuyatsa moto wambiri waung'ono m'nkhalango. Patapita kanthawi, moto wochokera ku motowo umafalikira, kuyatsa malo atsopano, ndipo pang'onopang'ono umafalitsa kuwonongekako kudera lonselo. Chifukwa chake chibayo cha Covid chingakhale nthawi yayitali ndikuwononga madera ambiri a mapapo .

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Covid pneumonia?

Pali anthu ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda oopsa a COVID-19 komanso matenda monga chibayo cha COVID. Ngati muli m'gulu limodzi mwa magulu awa, ndi bwino kusamala pang'ono, eti?

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 65.
• Ngati muli ndi pakati.
• Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, kapena ngati munasuta kale.
• Ngati wina wapatsidwa chiwalo kapena maselo oyambira magazi.

Komanso, ngati muli ndi matenda aliwonse otsatirawa, chiopsezo chanu chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri:

• Matenda a magazi (monga matenda a sickle cell, thalassemia).
• Matenda a khansa.
• Matenda a mitsempha ya m'magazi (monga sitiroko).
• Matenda a impso kapena chiwindi osatha (monga matenda a chiwindi, matenda a chiwindi, matenda a chiwindi amafuta osamwa mowa (NAFLD)).
• Matenda a m'mapapo osatha (monga mphumu, COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, pulmonary embolism).
• Matenda a cystic fibrosis.
• Matenda a mitsempha monga matenda a dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.
• Matenda a Shuga (Mtundu 1 kapena Mtundu 2) `(Shuga - Mtundu 1 kapena Mtundu 2)`.
• Zilema zobadwa nazo monga matenda a ubongo ndi Down syndrome.
• Matenda a mtima (monga kulephera kwa mtima, matenda a mitsempha ya mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi).
• HIV/AIDS kapena matenda ena omwe amafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Mavuto amisala (monga kuvutika maganizo, schizophrenia ).
• Kunenepa kwambiri.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (monga mowa, opioid, cocaine).
• Chifuwa chachikulu.

Kodi ndi anthu angati omwe amatenga COVID-19 omwe amadwala chibayo?

Kawirikawiri, pafupifupi 15% ya anthu omwe amatenga COVID-19 amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu, kuphatikizapo chibayo cha COVID-19. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu opitilira 77 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi tsopano akumana ndi milandu yoopsa ya COVID-19. Chifukwa chake ichi si chinthu choyenera kuonedwa mopepuka.

Kodi zizindikiro za chibayo cha Covid ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za chibayo cha COVID-19 zitha kufanana kwambiri ndi za matenda wamba a COVID-19. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozi zikuwoneka zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zikukulirakulira , zitha kutanthauza kuti vuto lanu la COVID-19 likupitirira kukhala chibayo. Ngati izi zitachitika, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira) kapena kupuma movutikira.
• Kumva kusokonezeka, ngati kusowa nzeru.
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri komanso kutopa.
• Chifuwa (mwina chifuwa chokhala ndi ntchofu).
• Malungo.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kulimba.
• Kusintha kwa mtundu wa milomo, khungu, kapena misomali kukhala yabuluu (cyanosis).

Ngati chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi chikuoneka chatsopano kapena chikuipiraipira, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Musachinyalanyaze, makamaka ngati chikuchititsa kuti mupume movutikira.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati matenda anga a COVID-19 akupitirira kukhala chibayo?

Zizindikiro za COVID-19 ndi chibayo zimafanana kwambiri, kotero nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Komabe, ngati kachilombo ka COVID-19 kapita patsogolo kukhala chibayo, chizindikiro chachikulu komanso chodziwikiratu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa vuto la kupuma. Ngati mukumva ngati mukuvutika kupuma, kapena ngati mukumva kubanika, pitani kuchipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi chibayo cha Covid chimafalikira?

Kachirombo kamene kamayambitsa COVID-19 kamafalikira. Mukatenga kachilomboka, mutha kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena osati kokha mukakosoza, kutsamwitsa, kulankhula, komanso mukapuma. Chibayo ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'mapapo mwanu mukakhala ndi COVID-19. Mutha kufalitsa COVID-19 kwa wina kuchokera kwa munthu amene ali ndi chibayo cha COVID. Komabe, sizikudziwika kuti munthuyo adzadwalanso chibayo.

Komabe, nthawi zina mumatha kudwala chibayo chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya pamodzi ndi Covid-19, monga tanenera kale, "superinfection." Matenda a bakiteriya amenewo amatha kupatsirana. Angayambitsenso chibayo mwa munthu wina.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji matenda a chibayo cha Covid? (Kuzindikira)

Kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi chibayo cha COVID, dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani thupi. Adzamvetsera mapapu anu ndi stethoscope, adzayang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, kutentha, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya (pulse oximetry). Nthawi zambiri, swab ya m'mphuno ingatengedwenso kuti atsimikizire ngati muli ndi COVID-19 kapena matenda ena a kachilombo.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ena angapo akhoza kuchitidwa:

• Kujambula mapapo:Kujambula pachifuwa pa X-ray kapena CT scan kumachitika kuti aone ngati pali matenda m'mapapo.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Chitsanzo cha magazi anu chidzatengedwa kuti chithandize kudziwa ngati chibayo chanu chayamba chifukwa cha COVID-19 kapena mabakiteriya.
• Kuyesa kwa makoswe: Mumapemphedwa kuti mukhosomole, ndipo chitsanzo cha makoswe chimatengedwa ndikutumizidwa ku labotale kuti akaone ngati pali matenda ndi chomwe chikuyambitsa.
• Kumera kwa madzi m'mapapo: Nthawi zina, madzi pang'ono ozungulira mapapo amatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala ndikuyesedwa.
• Kuyezetsa mpweya m'magazi: Kuyezetsa magazi kumatengedwa kuchokera ku mtsempha wamagazi womwe uli m'dzanja lanu, mkono, kapena khosi lanu kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi anu. Izi zingapereke chithunzi cha momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito.
• Bronchoscopy: Pakagwa ngozi, chubu chopyapyala komanso chopepuka (bronchoscope) chingalowe m'mapapo kuti chiyang'ane mkati ndikutenga zitsanzo za minofu kapena madzi.

Kodi matenda a chibayo a Covid amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi COVID pneumonia, mwina mudzagonekedwa m'chipatala. Kumeneko, mungalandire chithandizo monga:

• Mankhwala oletsa mavairasi: Pali mankhwala ena oletsa mavairasi, monga Remdesivir kapena Paxlovid™, omwe amalimbana mwachindunji ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa COVID-19 ndikuthandizira kuwongolera matendawa.
• Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa pa chibayo chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati atsimikiziridwa kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya pamodzi ndi chibayo cha COVID. Nthawi zina, amathanso kuperekedwa ngati njira yodzitetezera ngati pali kukayikira kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya.
• Mpweya wowonjezera: Ngati mapapu anu akugwira ntchito koma thupi lanu silikupeza mpweya wokwanira, mpweya wowonjezera umaperekedwa kudzera mu chubu chomwe chimayikidwa m'mphuno mwanu kapena chophimba nkhope chomwe chimayikidwa pankhope panu.
• Madzi a m'mitsempha: Zinthu monga mchere wa m'mitsempha zimaperekedwa kuti thupi lisathe madzi m'thupi.
• Kuchotsa madzi m'mapapo: Madzi omwe asonkhana m'mapapo amatha kuchotsedwa mwa kuyika catheter kapena kudzera mu opaleshoni.
• Corticosteroids: Mankhwala a steroid, monga Dexamethasone, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutupa m'mapapo.
• Ma antibodies a monoclonal: Mankhwala monga Tocilizumab angathandize kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kutupa.
• Mpweya wopumira m'makina: Ngati simungathe kupuma bwino nokha, mudzalumikizidwa ndi chopumira mpweya. Mu izi, chubu chimayikidwa pakhosi panu kupita ku chitoliro chanu cha mphepo, ndipo makina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupumira. Panthawiyi, mudzagonekedwa.
• Kutulutsa mpweya m'thupi (ECMO): Ngati mapapo kapena mtima wanu sukugwira ntchito bwino, mutha kulumikizidwa ndi makina a ECMO. Uwu ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo omwe amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo anu.

Kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu adzawunika njira iliyonse yochiritsira iyi ndikupeza chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo awo molondola.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji chibayo cha Covid?

Njira yabwino yopewera chibayo cha COVID ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chotenga COVID-19 ndi matenda ena omwe angawononge mapapu anu. Mutha kuchita izi:

• Kulandira katemera wa Covid-19.
• Katemera matenda a pneumococcal, omwe angayambitse chibayo cha bakiteriya.
• Pewani kusuta fodya ndipo dzitetezeni ku utsi wa fodya womwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi musanadye, musanakonze chakudya, komanso mutagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi. Ngati sopo palibe, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa.
• Ngati inu kapena wina ali ndi COVID-19, pewani kukhudzana kwambiri ndi kugawana zinthu.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ena (omwe ali m'magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo omwe tawakambirana kale), awalandire chithandizo choyenera, chifukwa matendawa angapangitse kuti COVID-19 ikhale yoopsa kwambiri.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire matenda a chibayo a Covid?

N'zosatheka kunena nthawi yeniyeni yomwe chibayo cha COVID chidzakhalire. Chimasiyana tsiku ndi tsiku. Masiku ena mungamve bwino, koma kenako chimakula kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, vuto laling'ono la matendawa limatenga milungu itatu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi kuti lichiritsidwe. Komabe, ngati vutoli ndi lalikulu, lingatenge miyezi kuti lichiritsidwe. Kuchuluka kwa momwe mumamvera bwino kumadalira:

• zaka zanu.
• Kuopsa kwa chibayo.
• Kaya muli ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo kapena zovuta zina.

Ngati mukupitirizabe kukhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo mutalandira chithandizo cha chibayo cha COVID, ndikofunikira kukaonananso ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri.

Kodi ndi mavuto ati omwe angayambitse matenda a chibayo cha Covid?

Chibayo cha Covid ndi vuto la matenda a Covid-19. Pali milingo yosiyanasiyana ya momwe mungadwalire ndi kachilombo ka `(SARS-CoV-2)`. Ganizirani izi motere:

1. Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi: Uwu ndi mtundu wochepa kwambiri wa matenda a COVID-19. Koma ukhoza kuyambitsa zizindikiro monga malungo, kupweteka pakhosi, komanso kuvutika kupuma, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amatha kuthana ndi zizindikiro zawo kunyumba. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozo zakula, angafunike kupita kuchipatala.

2. Chibayo cha COVID:Apa ndi pamene mapapu amadwala, kutupa, ndi kudzazidwa ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Ngati muli ndi chibayo cha COVID, muyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuchipatala ndikulandira chithandizo cha zizindikiro zanu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaonedwa ngati vuto la COVID-19 lochepa mpaka lalikulu.

3. Matenda a kupuma movutikira (ARDS): Matenda a kupuma movutikira (ARDS) ndi matenda omwe njira yopumira imalephera kugwira ntchito bwino. Apa ndi pamene mapapu anu sakugwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimalepheretsa thupi lanu kupeza mpweya wokwanira. Ngati mulowa mu gawo lofunika kwambiri la COVID-19, mungafunike kulumikizidwa ndi chopumira mpweya kuti mupume.

Kodi chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe akuchira ku chibayo cha Covid ndi chotani?

Mu nthawi yanthawi zonse, pamene zipatala sizikuvutika ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akuchira ku chibayo cha COVID ndi pafupifupi 80%. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu pafupifupi 80 mwa 100 amachira. Komabe, ngati chiŵerengero chachikulu cha odwala chifika nthawi yomweyo ndikuwononga zipatala, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa chifukwa cha chibayo cha COVID chikhoza kuwirikiza kawiri. Chifukwa chake, kufunafuna chithandizo mwachangu kumawonjezera mwayi wanu wopulumutsa moyo wanu ndikuchira mwachangu.

Kodi ndingatani kuti ndikhale bwino ndikakhala ndi chibayo cha COVID?

Mukatuluka m'chipatala, mutha kuchita izi kuti mupitirize ulendo wanu wochira kunyumba:

• Lamulirani zizindikiro zanu ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena omwe dokotala wanu akulangizani.
• Imwani mankhwala onse omwe mwapatsidwa komanso chithandizo chomwe mwapatsidwa monga mwalangizidwira, mpaka mutamaliza pa nthawi yake.
• Pumulani mokwanira. Musamagwire ntchito mopitirira muyeso m'thupi lanu.
• Pitirizani kuyang'anira zizindikiro zanu. Ngati mukumva kudwala nthawi iliyonse, kapena ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano, imbani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti chibayo cha Covid chikuchepa ndi ziti?

Pamene mukuyamba kuchira ku chibayo cha COVID, simuyeneranso kuvutika kupuma. Pamene vuto lanu likukula, madokotala anu adzachepetsa makina omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kuti akuthandizeni kupuma komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mumapatsidwa.

Ngati mukuona kuti mungathe kuchita zina mwazochita zanu zachizolowezi mukafika kunyumba, chimenechonso ndi chizindikiro chabwino chakuti mukuchira.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za COVID-19, monga kusamva kukoma kapena kununkhiza, kupweteka pakhosi, malungo, chifuwa, kapena kupuma movutikira, kayezetseni COVID-19. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha COVID-19 yoopsa, kapena ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza momwe mungathanirane ndi zizindikiro zanu, funsani dokotala wanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti?

Ngati muli ndi COVID-19 ndipoNgati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati chizindikiro chomwe chilipo chikukulirakulira, makamaka ngati mukuvutika kupuma, mukusokonezeka, simukugona, kapena ngati khungu lanu, milomo, kapena zikhadabo zanu zikuoneka ngati zabuluu, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga kapena imbani 911.

Anthu ena ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri za COVID-19. Koma ena amatha kukhala ndi matenda oopsa monga chibayo cha COVID. Ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri zizindikiro zanu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 65 kapena muli ndi matenda ena osatha omwe angapangitse COVID-19 kukhala yoopsa kwambiri.

Kachilombo ka HIV kangayambitse mavuto aakulu pakapita nthawi. Choncho, ngati zizindikiro zanu zakula kwambiri, musachedwe kupita kuchipatala. Zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira, kuvutika kukhala maso, kusokonezeka, ndi khungu labuluu, milomo, ndi zikhadabo sizachilendo. Ziyenera kuchiritsidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chibayo cha Covid si chinthu chongoseweretsa, anzanga. Ndi vuto lalikulu la Covid-19.

• Dziwani zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto komanso zizindikiro zake kuti muchitepo kanthu mwachangu.
• Kupewa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Katemerani moyenera ndipo tsatirani ukhondo wabwino.
• Ngati zizindikiro zayamba kukula, makamaka ngati mukuvutika kupuma, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo chachangu chingapulumutse moyo.

Tiyeni tonse tikhale osamala ndikuyesetsa kuchira ku mliriwu mwachangu momwe tingathere. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala.

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