Amithenga achinsinsi a thupi lathu: Tiyeni tiphunzire za ma cytokine m'njira yosavuta!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti matupi athu akadwala kapena kuvulala, nkhondo yaikulu imachitika mkati kuti achiritsidwe? Tili ndi gulu lathu lankhondo laluso kwambiri lolimbana ndi adani monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amachokera kunja kwa matupi athu. Timatcha izi kuti chitetezo cha mthupi. Chifukwa chake payenera kukhala wina wotsogolera gululi, kusinthana mauthenga, ndikutumiza komwe kuli adani. Amithenga achinsinsi amenewo ndi ma cytokines omwe tikukamba lero.

Kodi ma cytokine kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ma cytokine ndi mapuloteni ang'onoang'ono omwe amatumiza mauthenga pakati pa maselo m'thupi lathu. Zili ngati 'gulu la WhatsApp' mkati mwa matupi athu. Pamene chiwopsezo monga matenda kapena kuvulala chifika m'thupi, maselo a chitetezo chamthupi amatulutsa mauthenga awa otchedwa ma cytokine. Mauthenga awa amauza maselo ena a chitetezo chamthupi kuti, "Pali vuto apa, bwerani mwachangu!", "Uyu ndiye mdani amene tiyenera kumenyana naye," ndi "Pangani asilikali ambiri."

Tangoganizirani kachilombo kakulowa m'thupi lanu. Panthawiyo, maselo ena amatumiza mauthenga a cytokine awa, kuwauza maselo ena kuti akonzekere kulimbana ndi kachilomboka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti popanda amithenga ang'onoang'ono awa, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi sichingathe kugwira ntchito bwino. Ma cytokine awa amathandiza kuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chikhale chathanzi, ngakhale palibe choopsa.

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya ma cytokine awa?

Inde, monga momwe zilili ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana mu usilikali, palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma cytokine. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ntchito yakeyake. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ina yayikulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma cytokine ena amatchulidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa selo lomwe limawapanga:

• Ma Lymphokine: Opangidwa ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera a m'magazi otchedwa ma lymphocyte.
• Ma monokine: Opangidwa ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera a m'magazi otchedwa monocytes.

Ntchito yaikulu ya ma cytokine: kulamulira kutupa

Anthu ambiri akamamva mawu oti 'kutupa', amaganiza kuti ndi chinthu choipa, chizindikiro cha matenda. Koma kutupa kwenikweni ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chakuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chikumenyana ndi adani kapena kukonza minofu yowonongeka. Tangoganizirani ngati mutadula chala chanu, chingakhale chofiira, chotupa, komanso chotentha pang'ono, eti? Ndicho chimene kutupa kuli.

Ma Cytokine makamaka amasonyeza zotsatirazi:

• Kuyambitsa maselo: Kuuza maselo komwe apite ndi zomwe achite. Mwachitsanzo, kutsogolera maselo oteteza thupi kumalo komwe kachilombo kafalikira.
• Kusiyana kwa maselo: Selo losakhwima limauzidwa kuti "likhale mtundu wapadera wa maselo oyera amagazi omwe angathe kulimbana ndi matendawa."
• Kuchulukana kwa maselo: Chizindikiro chopangira maselo ambiri, kapena maselo ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chizindikirochi chimaperekedwa pamene maselo oyera ambiri akufunika kuti amenyane ndi matenda akuluakulu.

Ma cytokines oyambitsa kutupa komanso oletsa kutupa

Izi zili ngati chotenthetsera ndi mabuleki a galimoto. Zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri powongolera bwino momwe chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimayankhira.

• Ma cytokine oyambitsa kutupa: Awa ndi omwe amafulumizitsa . Kachirombo kakalowa, kamayambitsa kutupa ndikufulumizitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Awa ndi omwe amapereka chizindikiro choyambitsa nkhondo.
• Ma cytokine oletsa kutupa: Awa ndi mabuleki . Akagonjetsa mdani, amaletsa kuwonongeka kwina kwa minofu yathu yathanzi mwa kuchepetsa kutupa ndikubwezeretsa chilichonse kukhala bwino.

Kodi kusinthana mauthenga kumeneku kumachitika bwanji?

Iyi ndi njira yosangalatsa kwambiri. Tiyeni tiyerekezere ndi kiyi ndi bowo la kiyi.

Cytokine ili ngati kiyi . Pamwamba pa selo yomwe ikufunika kulandira uthenga, pali bowo la kiyi (cholandirira) lomwe limalowa mu kiyiyo. Cytokine (kiyi) ikapita ndikulumikizana ndi cholandirira (bowo la kiyi) pa seloyo, seloyo imalandira uthengawo. Kenako seloyo imachita zinthu motsatira uthengawo.

Pali njira zitatu zotumizira mauthenga awa:

1. Kutumiza uthenga kwa Autocrine: Selo limadzitumizira lokha uthenga.

2. Kutumiza mauthenga kwa Paracrine: Selo limatumiza mauthenga ku maselo apafupi.

3. Kutumiza mauthenga kudzera m'magazi: Selo limatumiza mauthenga ku maselo omwe ali kutali ndi magazi.

Ndi maselo ati omwe amapanga ma cytokine ambiri?

Ma cytokine nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi maselo omwe ali mu chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Komabe, si maselo okhawo omwe amapezeka. Mitundu ina ya maselo m'thupi lathu imathanso kuwapanga.

Maselo oteteza thupi ku matenda

• Macrophages
• Maselo a dendritic
• Lymphocytes
• Ma monocyte
• Ma Neutrophils
• Ma Basophils
• Ma eosinophils
• Maselo a m'mimba

Maselo ena

• Maselo a Endothelial (maselo omwe ali mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi)
• Maselo a epithelial ndi maselo omwe amaphimba pamwamba pa ziwalo zathu.
• Maselo mu minofu yolumikizana (Fibroblasts, maselo a Stromal)
• Maselo ozungulira mitsempha (maselo a Schwann)

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati kutayika kwa cytokine balance?

Ngakhale kuti ma cytokine ndi ofunikira pa thanzi lathu, monga china chilichonse, kuchuluka kwake sikwabwino. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha matenda kapena mankhwala enaake, chitetezo cha mthupi chimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndipo chimayamba kupanga ma cytokine ambiri mosalamulirika.

Matendawa timawatcha Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) kapena cytokine storm . Zili ngati chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimakwiya kwambiri, osati adani athu okha komanso maselo athu athanzi. Izi zingayambitse kutupa kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwa minofu, ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

Matenda omwe angayambitsidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa ma cytokines:

• Matenda a Autoimmune: Pachifukwa ichi, chitetezo chamthupi chimaukira maselo ake athanzi molakwika.
• Matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya: Mavuto okhudza kusintha chakudya kukhala mphamvu.
• Khansa.
• Sepsis: Ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Kutupa kwambiri m'thupi kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku ziwalo zazikulu. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala ndipo zitha kupha ngati sizikuthandizidwa.

Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse za vutoli, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni upangiri .

Kuyesa kwa paneli ya Cytokine

Madokotala amatha kudziwa ngati thupi lanu lili ndi ma cytokine ambiri kapena ochepa. Kuyezetsa magazi kumatchedwa cytokine panel . Kumayesa kuchuluka kwa ma cytokine m'magazi mwanu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutupa. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala oletsa kutupa ngati muli ndi kutupa kwambiri.