Kodi inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa adakuuzani dokotala wanu kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muchotse chotupa m'chiuno mwanu? Mwina munachita mantha pang'ono mutamva dzinalo. Koma musadandaule, iyi ikhoza kukhala sitepe yofunika kwambiri pochiza khansa. Lero, tikambirana za opaleshoni iyi yotchedwa 'Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection', yomwe imangokhudza kuchotsa chotupa m'chiuno mwanu.
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone zomwe kachitsiru aka kakunena.
Chabwino, mwachidule, ma lymph nodes ndi ang'onoang'ono, okhala ngati nyemba omwe amapezeka m'thupi lathu lonse. Ndi gawo la chitetezo chamthupi chathu, chitetezo chamthupi . Madzi omwe amadutsa m'thupi lathu akadutsa m'ma lymph nodes awa, amagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta. Ma lymph nodes amenewa amasunga zinthu zoopsa monga majeremusi ndi maselo a khansa.
Kotero ma lymph nodes a inguinal ndi ma nodes omwe ali m'dera la groin, komwe miyendo yanu imakumana ndi mimba yanu yapansi. Pali ma nodes pafupifupi 10 omwe ali pamwamba, pansi pa khungu. Madzi omwe amatsukidwa kuchokera ku ma nodes awa amapita ku ma nodes angapo akuya. Kuchokera pamenepo, amapita ku ziwalo zina za thupi.
N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuchita opaleshoni imeneyi?
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa. Dongosolo la mitsempha yamagazi ndi njira yayikulu yomwe maselo a khansa amagwiritsa ntchito kuti afike kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa amatha kuyenda kudzera m'mitsempha iyi kupita ku gawo lililonse la thupi.
Tangoganizirani, khansa ikayamba kwinakwake m'thupi mwathu, maselo a khansa amayamba kupita ku minofu yomwe ili pafupi nayo. Mwachitsanzo, khansa yomwe imayamba m'malo monga ziwalo zoberekera (mbolo, nyini), rectum, ndi khungu pamiyendo imayamba kuyesa kufalikira ku minofu ya m'mimba.
Madokotala choyamba amatenga chitsanzo chaching'ono kuchokera ku node yoyamba ya lymph yomwe ili pafupi ndi khansa, yotchedwa sentinel lymph node , ndikuyesa ('sentinel lymph node biopsy'). Zili ngati malo owunikira. Ngati palibe maselo a khansa mu node yoyamba iyi, mwina palibe maselo a khansa mu node yotsatira.
Komabe, ngati mayesowo atsimikizira kuti pali maselo a khansa m'magawo, magawowo amachotsedwa kwathunthu kudzera mu opaleshoni. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha `kuduladula kwa node ya inguinal lymph`.
Izi zitha kuletsa khansa kuti isafalikire kwambiri. Komanso, kudziwa ngati khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes anu kungathandize dokotala wanu kusankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.
Kodi zolinga zazikulu za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?
Pali zifukwa zazikulu zingapo zochitira opaleshoniyi. Tiyeni timvetse bwino.
| Cholinga | Kufotokoza mwachidule |
|---|---|
| Kufufuza kufalikira kwa khansa | Onetsetsani kuti khansa yochokera kwina kulikonse m'thupi yafalikira mpaka m'chifuwa. |
| Kuchotsa maselo a khansa | Chotsani kotheratu zotupa zilizonse zomwe zili ndi kapena zomwe zingakhale ndi maselo a khansa ndipo mulepheretse khansa kufalikira. |
| Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chamtsogolo | Chepetsani chiopsezo cha khansa kubwereranso m'dera limenelo mtsogolo. |
| Kukonzekera chithandizo | Kutengera ndi zomwe mwalandira, sankhani chithandizo chamtsogolo (monga chemotherapy, radiotherapy) chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu. |
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani izi mwatsatanetsatane. Kawirikawiri musanachite opaleshoni,
- Mungapemphedwe kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ena (makamaka ochepetsa magazi) kwa kanthawi.
- Mudzauzidwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola angapo opaleshoni isanachitike.
- Mudzauzidwa pasadakhale masiku angati omwe muyenera kukhala m'chipatala komanso momwe mudzamvere mukapita kunyumba.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala molondola.
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitika bwanji?
Izi ndi njira zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri.
1. Choyamba, dokotala wogonetsa adzakugonetsani . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala mukugona tulo tofa nato. Simudzamva chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni, ndipo simudzakumbukira chilichonse pambuyo pake.
2. Kenako dokotalayo amadula khungu laling'ono pakhungu la m'mimba mwake ndipo amachotsa mosamala machende kuti akaunikidwe komanso minofu ina yamafuta yozungulira.
3. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni , chubu chaching'ono (chotulutsira madzi) chimayikidwa kuti chichotse madzi ochulukirapo (magazi, madzi, ndi zina zotero) omwe angaunjikane m'derali.
4. Kenako chochekacho chimatsekedwa ndi ma stitches .
5. Chikwama chimamangiriridwa kumapeto kwa chubu kuti chitenge madzi . Chikhoza kusiyidwa pamalo pake kwa masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo.
6. Minofu ndi maselo ochotsedwa amatumizidwa kwa katswiri wa matenda , mwachitsanzo, labu, kuti akafufuze maselo a khansa.
Tsopano, zipatala zina zikuchita opaleshoniyi pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa robotic ('operesheni ya robotic'). Mavuto ambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi ndi ochepa.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni ikatha? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
Mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku awiri kapena anayi. Mwina nthawi yochulukirapo. Ndibwino kuyamba kuyenda nthawi yomweyo dokotala wanu akakuuzani. Izi zingathandize kupewa zinthu monga magazi kuundana.
Pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akutuluka mu chubu cha thireyi kwachepa, dokotala adzachotsa. Zingatenge milungu ingapo kuti achire bwino. Panthawi imeneyo, yomwe ndi masabata pafupifupi 4 mpaka 6, muyenera kupewa zinthu monga kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kunyamula zolemera. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zomwe mungachite ndi zomwe simungachite.
Kodi zoopsa ndi zotsatira zake ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina. Izi ndi zovuta komanso zotsatirapo zake zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri.
| Zoopsa/zotsatira zake | Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Matenda | Matenda chifukwa cha majeremusi ozungulira malo odulidwawo. |
| Kudzikundikira kwa madzi ndi kutupa | Madzimadzi amasonkhana ndi kutupa pamalo odulidwa. |
| Kutupa kwa miyendo (Lymphedema) | Kuchotsa zosokera kungasokoneze kuyenda kwa madzi m'mitsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti miyendo itupa. Izi zitha kuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali. |
| Kuundana kwa magazi (DVT) | Magazi amaundana, makamaka m'mitsempha ya miyendo. |
| Kuchira kwa bala mochedwa | Kuchekako kukutenga nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku onse kuti kuchiritsidwe. |
| Dzanzi la ntchafu | Pa opaleshoni, mitsempha ina m'dera limenelo ingawonongeke, zomwe zingayambitse kupweteka m'chiuno chapamwamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhalitsa. |
Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani kuchokera ku lipoti la labu?
Lipotilo lomwe limachokera poyesa ma swab omwe atumizidwa ku labu ndi lofunika kwambiri. Likhoza kuulula zinthu ngati izi.
- Kaya minofu yochotsedwayo ili ndi maselo a khansa kapena ayi. Ngati maselo a khansa alipo, amatchedwa "abwino" kapena "ayi".
- Kodi khansa ya mtundu wanji ndi yoopsa?
- Kuchuluka kwa khansa . Izi zikutanthauza momwe maselo a khansa alili ofanana kapena osiyana ndi maselo abwinobwino.
- Kodi kuchuluka kwa kugawikana kwa maselo (mitotic rate) ndi kotani?
- Madera . Kaya pali maselo a khansa m'mphepete mwa minofu yochotsedwa kapena ayi. Ngati pali maselo a khansa m'mphepete, imatchedwa `positive margin`, apo ayi `negative` kapena `clear margin`.
Zingatenge masiku angapo kapena sabata kuti lipotili lifike. Lipotilo likafika, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zomwe zili mkati mwake komanso zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pambuyo pake.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo liti?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi mukapita kunyumba mutachita opaleshoni, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda.
- Ngati mukumva malungo
- Ngati ululu wa njira yopita kuchira ukuwonjezeka
- Ngati chotupacho chili chofiira, chotupa, komanso chotulutsa madzi ngati mafinya
Musazengereze nthawi ngati iyi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa m'chiuno imachitika kuti aone ngati khansa yafalikira komanso kuti khansayo isafalikire.
- Chidziwitso chomwe mwapeza kuchokera ku opaleshoniyi chithandiza kwambiri dokotala wanu kukonzekera chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa inu.
- Zimatenga milungu ingapo kuti munthu achire, choncho pumulani mokwanira. Musachite zinthu mwachangu.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala okhudza zabwino ndi zoyipa zomwe mungachite mukachira.
- Ngati muwona zizindikiro za matenda, monga kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwambiri, kufiira kwa chotupacho, kapena mafinya, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Musaope kulankhula ndi dokotalayo za mafunso, mantha, kapena kukayikira kulikonse komwe mungakhale nako pankhaniyi.
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