Wina m'banja mwanu, mwina ngakhale mnzanu, akudwala matenda a impso. Kodi n'zovuta bwanji kuti muwaone akupita ku dialysis tsiku lililonse? Nanga bwanji ngati mungapatse munthuyo moyo watsopano mwa kupereka impso imodzi? Ichi ndi chisankho chachikulu kwambiri. Ndipo chinthu chabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za njira yabwino kwambiri yotchedwa kupereka impso.
Kodi kupereka impso n’chiyani mwachidule?
Mwachidule, kupereka impso ndi kuchotsa impso kwa munthu wina ndi kumuika kwa munthu wina amene impso zake zikulephera kugwira ntchito.
Tangoganizirani, munthu wamoyo apereka impso yake imodzi. Munthu wakufa muubongo akhoza kupeza impso zonse ziwiri. Funso lalikulu lomwe mungakhale nalo ndi lakuti, "Kodi mungakhale ndi impso imodzi?" Inde, mungathe! Munthu amene ali ndi impso imodzi yathanzi akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi popanda vuto lililonse.
Ndi matenda ati omwe angachiritsidwe popereka impso?
Kupereka impso kumathandiza munthu amene akuvutika ndi vuto la impso . Kulephera kwa impso ndi vuto lomwe impso zanu zonse ziwiri sizikugwira ntchito bwino.
Impso ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu za mkodzo m'thupi lathu. Ntchito yawo ndi kusefa zinyalala ndi madzi osafunikira m'magazi ndikuzitulutsa m'thupi ngati mkodzo.
Komanso, impso ndizofunikira kwambiri pakulinganiza ma electrolyte monga potaziyamu ndi sodium m'thupi komanso kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Impso zikalephera kugwira ntchito, madzi amasonkhana m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti miyendo ituluke (edema). Madzi amadzaza mozungulira mapapo (pleural effusion) ndi mozungulira mtima (pericardial effusion). Izi zingayambitse kuti mtima usagwire bwino ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtima usagwire bwino ntchito. Potaziyamu imathanso kukwera kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmias) komanso imfa yadzidzidzi ya mtima.
Ndicho chifukwa chake kulephera kwa impso ndi matenda oopsa popanda chithandizo. Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli ayenera kuchitidwa dialysis kwa moyo wake wonse kapena kuikidwa impso zina.
Kodi njira zoperekera impso ndi ziti?
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zoperekera impso. Kaya kuchokera kwa munthu wamoyo, kapena kuchokera kwa munthu amene wangomwalira kumene (wafa ubongo). Pali njira zingapo zomwe munthu wamoyo angaperekere. Tiyeni tifotokoze izi mozama mu tebulo ili.
| Njira yoperekera | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kuchokera kwa wachibale wamoyo (Wokhudzana ndi Moyo) | Kupereka impso ndi wachibale wa m'magazi (makolo, abale). |
| Kuchokera kwa munthu wamoyo wosagwirizana (Wokhala Wosagwirizana) | Kupereka kwa mnzanu, mkazi kapena mwamuna, kapena munthu wosagwirizana naye. |
| Mphatso Yotsogozedwa | Woperekayo amasankha bwino amene angapereke impso yake. |
| Kusinthana Kogwirizana | Izi n'zovuta pang'ono. Tangoganizani kuti mukufuna kupereka impso kwa wachibale wanu, koma magulu a magazi anu sagwirizana. Ndipo mukufuna kupereka impso kwa wachibale wina, koma sizikugwirizana. Koma impso yanu ndi yofanana ndi wachibale wachiwiri, ndipo impso ya munthu winayo ndi yofanana ndi wachibale wanu. Kenako, opereka awiriwa amasinthana impso. |
| Mphatso Yodzipereka | Woperekayo sadziwa munthu amene adzalandire impso yake. Amapereka ndi cholinga chabwino chongopulumutsa moyo wa munthu amene samudziwa amene akufunika thandizo. |
Ndani ali ndi ufulu wopereka impso ali moyo?
Kupereka impso ndi udindo waukulu. Chifukwa chake, woperekayo ayenera kukhala wathanzi kwathunthu. Pali ziyeneretso zingapo zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa.
- Zaka: Kuti mupereke impso, muyenera kukhala ndi zaka zosachepera 18. Chifukwa munthu wosakwana zaka zimenezo sangavomereze mwalamulo chisankho chachikulu chotere. Komabe, palibe malire a zaka. Ngakhale munthu wazaka 90 wathanzi angapereke impso bwino.
- Thanzi la thupi:Dokotala adzafufuza thupi lanu lonse. Adzafufuza zinthu zambiri, monga mbiri yanu yachipatala, ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene wakhala ndi matenda a impso, mankhwala omwe mukumwa, komanso momwe impso zanu ndi ziwalo zina zimagwirira ntchito. Azimayi oyembekezera sangapereke impso. Amafunikanso kukhala ndi chiwerengero cha body mass index (BMI) chochepera 35. Anthu omwe amasuta fodya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito vape sangapereke impso. Zonsezi zimachitika kuti woperekayo akhale otetezeka.
- Thanzi la maganizo: Gulu la madokotala lidzayang'ananso thanzi lanu la maganizo. Iyi ndi nkhani yaikulu, mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo. Adzakambirana za kupsinjika maganizo komwe kungabwere pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndi kuthekera kwanu kuthana nako. Madokotala a zamaganizo ndi ogwira ntchito zachitukuko adzatenga nawo mbali pa izi. Nthawi zina, ngakhale alangizi apadera adzatenga nawo mbali pa njirayi kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe amene akukukakamizani .
Ndi mayeso ati omwe ayenera kuchitidwa musanapereke?
Musanasankhe ngati ndinu woyenera kupereka impso, gulu lachipatala lidzakuyesani kangapo.
- Kuyezetsa magazi
- Mayeso a antibody
- Kuyezetsa khansa koyenera msinkhu (monga colonoscopy, mammogram ndi Pap smear kwa akazi)
- Mayeso ojambula zithunzi monga X-ray ndi CT scans
- Mayeso monga EKG ndi mayeso olimbitsa thupi kuti muwone thanzi la mtima
- Kusanthula mkodzo kuti muwone ngati impso zili bwino
- Kuyesedwa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa maola 24
- Mayeso a mimba
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?
Opaleshoni yochotsa impso (yotchedwa `radical nephrectomy`) nthawi zambiri imatenga maola awiri kapena atatu.
Choyamba, dokotala wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa adzakugonetsani tulo tofa nato (anesthesia wamba). Kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse kapena kukhala maso. Kenako, catheter ya Foley idzayikidwa kuti iwunikire kutulutsa kwa mkodzo wanu.
Ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba wamakono, opaleshoniyi nthawi zambiri imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya keyboo (njira ya laparoscopic) . Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'malo mwa kudula kwakukulu kamodzi, kudula pang'ono katatu kapena kasanu m'mimba mwanu kumapangidwa. Chida choonda chokhala ndi kamera (laparoscope) chimayikidwa kudzera mu kudula kamodzi, kuwonedwa pa chowunikira, ndipo impso imachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono zomwe zimayikidwa kudzera mu kudula kwina. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti mabala achire mwachangu komanso kuti zipsera zisachepe.
Impso yochotsedwayo imatengedwa mwachangu kwa wodwala wolandirayo, nthawi zambiri m'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni chapafupi kuchipatala chomwecho, ndipo imayikidwanso.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndipo kuchira kwake kuli bwanji?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzatengedwera ku chipinda chochiritsira kuti mukawonedwe. Mukadzuka kuchokera ku opaleshoni yoletsa ululu, mudzamva kutopa pang'ono. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Mutha kuyamba pang'onopang'ono kudya ndi kumwa.Kudzuka pabedi ndi kuyenda mwamsanga kumathandizira kuti munthu achire msanga.
Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu. Mukapita kunyumba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi munthu woti akusamalireni kwa sabata imodzi.
Zimatenga pakati pa masabata 4 ndi 6 kuti munthu achire bwino ndikuyambiranso kuchita zinthu zachizolowezi. Panthawiyi, muyenera kupewa kunyamula zinthu zolemera (zoposa makilogalamu 5) komanso kuyendetsa galimoto (osachepera masabata awiri). Ngati ndinu mkazi, mukulangizidwa kuti mupewe kutenga mimba kwa chaka chimodzi.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zoperekera impso ndi ziti?
Ubwino waukulu wa izi ndi kudzikhutiritsa komwe kumabwera chifukwa chopatsa moyo munthu wina. Komanso, impso ikatengedwa kuchokera kwa munthu wamoyo, imakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa zaka pafupifupi 15-20 kuposa ngati itatengedwa kuchokera kwa munthu wakufa. Chiwopsezo chokana nachonso chimakhala chochepa.
Monga opaleshoni iliyonse, opaleshoni iyi ili ndi zoopsa zina.
- Magazi amaundana
- Matenda a bakiteriya
- Hernia
- Zilonda
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ntchito ya impso yanu idzachepa pang'ono. Zimenezo zingamveke zoopsa. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, impso yanu yotsalayo idzakula, ikhale yamphamvu, ndipo idzayamba kugwira ntchito ya awiri. Choncho, sipadzakhala mavuto a nthawi yayitali.
Mafunso ena ofunikira
Kodi kupereka impso kumafupikitsa moyo wanu?
Ayi. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kupereka impso sikufupikitsa moyo wa woperekayo kapena kuwonjezera chiopsezo chodwala matenda a impso mtsogolo.
Nanga bwanji ngati ndikufuna impso ndekha nditapereka?
Mwayi woti izi zichitike ndi wochepa kwambiri. Koma ngati zitachitika, monga wopereka impso, mudzapatsidwa mwayi wapamwamba pa mndandanda wa oyembekezera kuikidwa impso. Mudzalandira impso posachedwa.
Kodi muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala liti?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ngati mukumva kutuluka magazi ambiri kuchokera ku mabala, zizindikiro za matenda (malungo, kutuluka fungo loipa kuchokera pabala), magazi mu mkodzo wanu, kapena chizungulire, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kupereka impso ndi mphatso yaikulu kwambiri yomwe ingapulumutse moyo wa munthu.
- Ndi impso imodzi yathanzi, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wautali.
- Musanapereke impso, mayeso angapo azachipatala ndi amisala amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti woperekayo ali otetezeka.
- Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ndipo kuleza mtima ndi kupuma ndizofunikira.
- N'kosaloledwa kulandira ndalama chifukwa chopereka impso. Ndalama zachipatala zomwe zimaperekedwa pa opaleshoni nthawi zambiri zimalipidwa ndi inshuwaransi ya wolandirayo.
- Ngati mukuganiza izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala musanapange chisankho ndipo mudziwe zambiri zokhudza zonse zokhudza izi komanso zoopsa zake.
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