Nthawi zina timatsokomola ntchofu yokhuthala, eti? N'zovuta kwambiri kuchotsa m'chifuwa mwathu. Zimamveka ngati chidutswa cha chingamu chamatirira pachifuwa mwathu. Izi ndizofala kwambiri komanso zokhumudwitsa kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha a m'mapapo monga mphumu ndi COPD. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wapadera wa mankhwala omwe amathandiza kumasula ntchofu yokhuthala, yomatayo ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kutsokomola. Timatcha izi Mucolytics.
Mwachidule, kodi Mucolytic iyi ndi chiyani?
Mankhwala oletsa kutupa m'mapapo ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuswa, kumasula, ndikuchepetsa mamina okhuthala m'mapapo mwanu kuti atuluke mosavuta. Taganizirani izi ngati kuwonjezera madzi pang'ono mu jelly yokhuthala ndikuisungunula.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala m'gulu lomwelo ndi mankhwala otulutsa ma expectorant, zimagwira ntchito mosiyana pang'ono ndi mankhwala otulutsa ma expectorant omwe timamwa pa chimfine. Tidzakambirana za izi mtsogolo. Pakadali pano, kumbukirani kuti mankhwala ochotsa mabakiteriya ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti achotse mamina okhuthala, makamaka matenda a m'mapapo omwe amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda otani?
Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa mtundu uwu wa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu pa milandu ya ntchofu yokhuthala yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo omwe amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali (osatha). Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ya matenda amenewa.
| Matenda | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda a Fibrosis | Uwu ndi matenda obadwa nawo. Zinthu zotuluka m'thupi, makamaka m'mapapo, zimakhala zokhuthala komanso zomata kwambiri. |
| Matenda a bronchiectasis | Popeza njira zopumira m'mapapo zimakula komanso kuwonongeka kosatha, mamina amatha kusonkhana mosavuta ndikuyambitsa matenda. |
| COPD (Matenda Osatha a M'mapapo Oletsa Kutsekeka) | Matenda a m'mapapo ofala komanso a nthawi yayitali omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza osuta fodya. Amayambitsa kuvutika kupuma komanso mamina okhuthala. |
| Mphumu | Odwala ena a mphumu amathanso kukhala ndi ntchofu yokhuthala. Koma madokotala amasamala kwambiri akamapereka mankhwala awa. |
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?
Ndi zophweka kwambiri. Ntchito yaikulu ya mamina m'mapapu a munthu wathanzi ndikuteteza mapapo mwa kusunga fumbi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mumlengalenga womwe timapuma. Mamina awa amakankhidwira pakhosi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tonga tsitsi (cilia) m'mapapo, ndipo tikatsokomola, amatuluka.
Koma mamina omwe amapangidwa m'mapapo mwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda omwe tawakambirana kale ndi okhuthala kwambiri komanso omata. Chifukwa chake, sangatuluke mosavuta. Majeremusi amatha kukodwa mosavuta mu mamina okhuthala awa, ndipo mwayi wopeza matenda nawonso ndi waukulu.
Pamenepo ndi pomwe mankhwala oletsa kutupa amathandiza. Mankhwalawa amaswa ma chemical bonds (ma molecule) omwe amachititsa kuti ntchofu ikhale yokhuthala. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ntchofu ikhale yopyapyala komanso yamadzimadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kutsokomola.
Mitundu ya Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutupa kwa Mucolytic ndi Momwe Mungawamwere
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mankhwala a mucolytic:
1. Acetylcysteine (NAC) : Iyi ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pa kumasula ntchofu, ilinso ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi kutupa komanso zotsutsana ndi ma antioxidants. Mwina munamvapo kuti imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya paracetamol.
2. Dornase alfa : Iyi ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa makamaka kwa odwala matenda a cystic fibrosis.
Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa:
- Nebulizer: Iyi ndi makina ang'onoang'ono. Mukayika mankhwala amadzimadzi mmenemo, amasanduka nthunzi yopyapyala. Kenako mutha kupuma nthunziyo kudzera mu chigoba. Iyi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri chifukwa mankhwalawa amapita mwachindunji m'mapapu anu.
- Mwanjira ya mtsempha (IV): Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni mumtsempha.
- Mapiritsi: Angathenso kumezedwa ngati mapiritsi.
Kodi pali zotsatirapo kapena zoopsa zilizonse?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazing'ono, koma si aliyense amene amalandira.
Chofunika kwambiri: Ngati muli ndi mphumu , muyenera kusamala kwambiri mukamamwa Acetylcysteine.Chifukwa nthawi zina njira zopumira mpweya zimatha kupanikizika kwambiri (bronchospasm). Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu kuti muli ndi mphumu. Adzakupatsani mankhwala oyenera.
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:
- Kusanza kapena kusanza
- Kupweteka m'mimba (Kutsegula m'mimba)
- Kutupa pakhungu
- Chikhure
- Kusintha kwa mawu kapena kutayika
- Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea)
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi , lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Komanso, anthu ambiri amanena kuti Acetylcysteine ili ndi fungo lopweteka pang'ono komanso losasangalatsa. Si nkhani yaikulu, koma ndi bwino kudziwa.
Mankhwala a Mucolytic ndi Expectorant: kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?
Apa ndi pomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka. Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya phlegm (monga omwe ali ndi Guaifenesin) omwe timagula ku pharmacy chifukwa cha chimfine ndi chifuwa amatchedwa Expectorants. Koma Mucolytics ndi osiyana.
| Gawo | Mucolytic | Chotulutsa m'mimba |
|---|---|---|
| Magwiridwe antchito | Imaphwanya mamolekyu a ntchentche yokhuthala ndikuimasula. | Kuika madzi mu ntchofu kumafewetsa ndipo kumachititsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kutuluka. |
| Mabokosi ogwiritsira ntchito | Kwa matenda osatha a m'mapapo monga Cystic Fibrosis ndi COPD. | Kwa matenda a nthawi yochepa monga chimfine ndi fuluwenza. |
| Kupeza | Kawirikawiri amafunika kulembedwa ndi dokotala. | Ikhoza kugulidwa ku pharmacy popanda chilolezo cha dokotala (musitolo). |
Choncho ngati muli ndi chifuwa chabwinobwino chokhala ndi phlegm, mankhwala ochotsera ziphuphu angakhale oyenera. Koma ngati muli ndi phlegm yokhuthala chifukwa cha matenda opuma kwa nthawi yayitali, dokotala wanu adzasankha ngati mukufuna mankhwala a mucolytic kapena ayi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mucolytic ndi mtundu wapadera wa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti athetse mamina okhuthala komanso omata omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo omwe amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Izi ndi zosiyana ndi mankhwala otulutsa chimfine omwe timamwa.
- Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanena .
- Ngati muli ndi matenda ena, monga mphumu, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za vutoli musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zachilendo mukumwa mankhwala kapena muli ndi mafunso okhudza mankhwalawo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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