Zizindikiro zachilendo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi khansa? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Paraneoplastic Syndromes izi

Tangoganizirani, wina wakhala akudwala kwambiri kwa masiku angapo, kukumbukira kwake kumakhala kofooka pang'ono, nthawi zina mafupa ake amapweteka, ndipo khungu lake limayamba kuyabwa. Choncho mukapita kwa dokotala kuti akachite zinthu ngati izi, ndipo akachita mayeso osiyanasiyana, amapeza kuti muzu wa zonsezi ndi khansa yobisika mkati mwa thupi. Kodi sizodabwitsa? Khansa ili pamalo amodzi, koma chifukwa cha zotsatira zake, zizindikiro zomwe sizikugwirizana kwenikweni zimawonekera m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi. Ndicho chimene timachitcha Paraneoplastic Syndrome mu mankhwala.

Mwachidule, kodi Paraneoplastic Syndrome ndi chiyani?

Izi zingawoneke zovuta kumvetsetsa, koma tiyeni tizitsatira mosavuta. Chotupa choipa chikayamba m'thupi mwanu, pamakhala zotsatirapo zake mwachindunji. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, mungakhale ndi chifuwa. Ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'matumbo, mungakhale ndi magazi m'chimbudzi chanu. Izi ndi zizindikiro za khansa.

Koma Paraneoplastic Syndrome ndi yosiyana. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti thupi lanu limapanga zizindikiro zina poyankha khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si chinthu chomwe khansa imachita mwachindunji, koma chifukwa khansa ili m'thupi, machitidwe ena m'thupi amasokonezeka ngati 'yankho' lake.

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe izi zingachitikire:

1. Kuyankha kwa Autoimmune: Ganizirani za chitetezo cha mthupi la thupi lathu ngati gulu lankhondo loteteza dziko. Maselo a khansa ndi mdani amene walowa mdzikolo. Choncho gulu lathu lankhondo (chitetezo cha mthupi) limayamba kumenyana ndi mdani uyu (khansa). Pachifukwa ichi, amapanga zida zapadera, zomwe ndi ma antibodies . Koma nthawi zina, panthawi ya nkhondoyi, gulu lathu lankhondo limalakwitsa. Limayamba kuukira osati maselo a adani okha, komanso maselo abwino, athanzi m'thupi lathu, poganiza kuti ndi adani. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuukira maselo m'mitsempha, maselo akhungu, kapena maselo m'malo olumikizirana mafupa. Pamenepo ndi pomwe zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi ziwalozo zimawonekera.

2. Kupanga mahomoni kudzera m'maselo a khansa: Mitundu ina ya khansa imatha kupanga zinthu zambiri, monga mahomoni, zomwe thupi lathu silipanga nthawi zambiri, kapena kupanga zochepa kwambiri. Ma mahomoni osazolowerekawa amasonkhana m'magazi ndikuyenda m'thupi lonse, zomwe zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mahomoni awa angayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera kwambiri, kapena kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi.

Ndi ziwalo ziti za thupi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi vutoli?

Matenda a Paraneoplastic amatha kukhudza pafupifupi dongosolo lililonse m'thupi. Komabe, amapezeka kwambiri m'maselo amenewa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili komanso zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha matendawa.

Kodi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino komanso zenizeni ndi ziti?

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zodziwika bwino zomwe zimayamba kuwoneka mu paraneoplastic syndrome. Izi zitha kuwonekanso mu matenda ena aliwonse, kotero si bwino kuchita mantha pongowona izi.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino:

• Malungo popanda chifukwa
• Chilakolako cha chakudya
• Thukuta kwambiri usiku
• Kuchepetsa thupi kosazolowereka popanda khama

Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zodziwika bwinozi, monga tafotokozera kale, zizindikiro zinazake zimabuka kutengera momwe thupi limakhudzidwira.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Matenda a Paraneoplastic syndromes ndi otheka kwa aliyense amene ali ndi khansa. Komabe, amapezeka kwambiri ndi mitundu ina ya khansa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi odwala 8 mwa 100 aliwonse a khansa (8%) amakhala ndi vutoli.

Mitundu ya khansa yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli ndi iyi:

• Khansa ya m'mapapo (yomwe imapezeka kwambiri ndi mtundu uwu)
• Khansa ya m'mawere
• Khansa yokhudzana ndi magazi (monga lymphoma, leukemia)
• Khansa ya m'chiberekero

Kodi dokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Mukapita kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi zizindikirozi, chinthu choyamba chomwe angachite ndikutenga mbiri yonse ya matendawa ndikuyesa thupi. Kenako, adzayitanitsa mayeso angapo kuti adziwe ngati zizindikirozo zayamba chifukwa cha khansa kapena matenda ena.

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse kungayang'ane zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu (monga matenda, kusalinganika kwa mahomoni). Komanso, mayeso ena apadera a magazi angayang'ane ma antibodies kapena zizindikiro za chotupa zokhudzana ndi paraneoplastic syndrome.
• Kujambula: Mayeso monga CT scan , MRI scan , kapena ultrasound amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe ngati pali chotupa cha khansa m'thupi.
• Kuyezetsa ubongo: Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuganiziridwa kuti zikugwirizana ndi dongosolo la mitsempha, dokotala wanu adzachita zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti ayesere mphamvu zanu, kukumbukira kwanu, kulinganiza bwino, ndi kugwirizana kwanu.
• Kuboola msana/Kuboola msana: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga madzi ochepa a msana, madzi omwe amazungulira msana wanu, ndikuyesa kuti muwone ngati pali ma antibodies osadziwika bwino m'madzi awa omwe akuukira maselo athanzi.

Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chofunika kwambiri komanso chofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda a paraneoplastic syndrome ndikuchiza khansa yomwe idayambitsa zonsezi. Khansa ikangochiritsidwa kapena kuchiritsidwa, zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda a paraneoplastic nthawi zambiri zimachepa zokha.

Nthawi yomweyo, panthawi yolandira chithandizo cha khansa, mankhwala amaperekedwanso kuti athetse zizindikiro zomwe zayamba. Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndikutonthoza chitetezo chamthupi, chomwe chimawononga maselo athanzi molakwika.

• Corticosteroids: Mankhwala monga Prednisolone. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kutupa ndi kutupa m'thupi.
• Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi:Mankhwalawa amachepetsa ntchito ya chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo amaletsa kuukira maselo athanzi.
• Ma immunoglobulin opangidwa m'mitsempha (IVIG): Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala okhala ndi ma antibodies ochokera kwa anthu athanzi kudzera m'mitsempha. Ma antibodies amenewa amathandiza kuwononga ma antibodies oipa omwe akuwononga thupi.
• Plasmapheresis: Iyi ndi njira yofanana ndi kuyeretsedwa kwa magazi. Magazi anu amatengedwa, gawo lamadzimadzi (plasma) limalekanitsidwa, ma antibodies oopsa amasefedwa, ndipo plasma yoyeretsedwa imalowetsedwanso m'thupi lanu.
• Chithandizo cha thupi, ntchito, ndi kulankhula: Ngati mitsempha yakhudzidwa ndipo pali vuto loyenda, kulankhula kapena kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, chithandizochi chingathandize kukonzanso luso limenelo.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zachilendo monga zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, makamaka ngati zili zazikulu kapena zimatenga milungu iwiri, muyenera kuwona dokotala.

Ngati mwalandirapo chithandizo cha khansa m'mbuyomu, mwachitsanzo m'zaka zisanu zapitazi, ndipo tsopano mukukumana ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muyezedwenso. Izi zingathandize kudziwa ngati khansa yabwerera.

Mukakhala ndi khansa, ndikwachibadwa kumva kutopa kwambiri mukakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi izi. Koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha paraneoplastic syndrome ndi chimodzimodzi ndi chithandizo cha khansa. Kutsatira dongosolo lanu la chithandizo cha khansa mosamala kudzakuthandizani kwambiri kuthana ndi zizindikirozi. Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe angakupatseni mpumulo. Lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za izo.